468 Lina

Last updated

468 Lina
Discovery [1]
Discovered by M. F. Wolf
Discovery site Heidelberg Obs.
Discovery date18 January 1901
Designations
(468) Lina
PronunciationGerman: [ˈliːnaː] [2]
Named after
(household employee) [3]
1901 FZ ·A915 PA
A918 EB
main-belt  · Themis [4]
Orbital characteristics [1]
Epoch 16 February 2017 (JD 2457800.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc 115.81 yr (42,300 days)
Aphelion 3.7509 AU
Perihelion 2.5136 AU
3.1323 AU
Eccentricity 0.1975
5.54 yr (2,025 days)
64.042°
0° 10m 40.08s / day
Inclination 0.4371°
21.472°
333.20°
Physical characteristics
Dimensions58.60±14.75 km [5]
59.7±0.5 km [6] [7]
59.80±0.89 km [8]
60.238±0.518 km [9]
63.4±12.7 km [10]
64.592±1.981 km [11]
66±7 km [12]
69.34±2.5 km (IRAS:6) [13]
16.33±0.02 h [14]
16.478±0.004 h [15]
16.54±0.01 h [15]
0.0430±0.003(IRAS:6) [13]
0.0495±0.0094 [11]
0.05±0.01 [12]
0.05±0.02 [10]
0.057±0.009 [9]
0.058 [6]
0.059±0.002 [8]
0.06±0.01 [7]
0.06±0.06 [5]
Tholen = CPF [1]  · P [11]  ·CPF [4]
B–V = 0.660 [1]
U–B = 0.313 [1]
9.61 [7]  ·9.70±0.25 [16]  ·9.77 [5]  ·9.83 [1] [4] [6] [8] [9] [10] [11] [12] [13]

    Lina (minor planet designation: 468 Lina), provisional designation 1901 FZ, is a dark Themistian asteroid from the outer region of the asteroid belt, approximately 60 kilometers (37 miles) in diameter. It was discovered on 18 January 1901, by German astronomer Max Wolf at the Heidelberg Observatory in southwest Germany. [17] The carbonaceous asteroid was named for the housemaid of the discoverer's family. [3]

    Contents

    Classification and orbit

    Lina is a core member of the Themis family, an ancient population of carbonaceous outer-belt asteroids with nearly coplanar ecliptical orbits. It orbits the Sun at a distance of 2.5–3.8  AU once every 5 years and 6 months (2,025 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.20 and an inclination of 0.4° with respect to the ecliptic. [1] Lina was first observed at Heidelberg a few days prior to its official discovery observation. The body's observation arc begins with its identification as 1915 PA at Heidelberg in 1915, or 14 years after its official discovery observation. [17]

    Naming

    This minor planet was named for "Lina", a domestic housemaid of the discoverer's family at Heidelberg. [3] The members of Max Wolf's household figure prominently in the names of his discoveries, but background information on the name's origin behind most of them have been lost. Wolf also named 482 Petrina and 483 Seppina after the household's two dogs, a practice that was later discouraged by the IAU. [18] Naming citation for Lina was first mentioned in The Names of the Minor Planets by Paul Herget in 1955 ( H 51 ). [3]

    Physical characteristics

    It has been characterized as a CPF-type and P-type asteroid by Tholen and NEOWISE, respectively. [1] [11]

    Photometry

    In December 2006, a rotational lightcurve of Lina was obtained by American astronomer Robert Buchheim at Altimira Observatory ( G76 ) in California. Light-curve analysis gave a rotation period of 16.33 hours with a brightness variation of 0.15 magnitude (U=3). [14] Its odd light curve shows multiple peaks, contrary to the classically shaped double-peaks seen in bimodal light curves, that have two maximums and two minimums per rotation. Lina's unusual triple-peak shape made it difficult to fit a period. [14]

    Other photometric observations were taken by Edward Tedesco in the 1970s (8.3 hours; Δ mag; U=1), [4] by Pierre Antonini and Raoul Behrend in January 2006 (16.478 hours; Δ0.18 mag; U=2), [15] and by Scott Marks and Michael Fauerbach in February 2007 (16.54 hours; Δ0.13 mag; U=2). [15]

    Diameter and albedo

    According to the space-based surveys carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, the Japanese Akari satellite, the Spitzer Space Telescope, and NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer with its subsequent NEOWISE mission, Lina measures between 58.60 and 69.34 kilometers in diameter, and its surface has an albedo between 0.043 and 0.06. [5] [7] [8] [10] [13]

    The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link still adopts the results obtained by IRAS, that is an albedo of 0.043 and a diameter of 69.34 kilometers at an absolute magnitude of 9.83, [4] while more recent results by NEOWISE and Spitzer tend toward a higher albedo of 0.06 and a shorter diameter of 58.60 and 59.7 kilometer, respectively. [5] [7] Spitzer's spectra of Lina shows an emissivity plateau in the wavelength range of 9 to 12 μm, which is indicative of silicates. [6]

    Related Research Articles

    Athalia, provisional designation 1903 ME, is a carbonaceous Themistian asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 40 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 20 September 1903, by German astronomer Max Wolf at the Heidelberg Observatory in southwest Germany. The asteroid was named after the ancient Judahite queen Athaliah.

    Norma, provisional designation 1905 PT, is a background asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 33 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 14 January 1905, by German astronomer Max Wolf at Heidelberg Observatory in southwest Germany. The asteroid was named after the title character of Bellini's opera Norma.

    Lilofee, provisional designation 1923 OK, is a carbonaceous Themistian asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 33 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 13 September 1923, by astronomer Karl Reinmuth at the Heidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory in southwest Germany. The asteroid was named after the Black Forest mermaid "Lilofee" from German folklore.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">1021 Flammario</span>

    1021 Flammario, provisional designation 1924 RG, is a dark background asteroid from the central regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 100 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 11 March 1924, by German astronomer Max Wolf at the Heidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory in Heidelberg, Germany. The asteroid was named after French astronomer Camille Flammarion. The uncommon F-type asteroid has a rotation period of 12.16 hours.

    3204 Lindgren, provisional designation 1978 RH, is a carbonaceous background asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 20 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 1 September 1978, by Soviet astronomer Nikolai Chernykh at the Crimean Astrophysical Observatory in Nauchnij, on the Crimean peninsula. The B-type asteroid has a rotation period of 5.6 hours. It was named after Swedish writer Astrid Lindgren.

    1076 Viola, provisional designation 1926 TE, is a Nysian asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 22 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 5 October 1926, by German astronomer Karl Reinmuth at the Heidelberg Observatory in southwest Germany. The asteroid was named after the flowering plant Viola.

    1086 Nata, provisional designation 1927 QL, is a carbonaceous Veritasian asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 68 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 25 August 1927, by Russian astronomers Sergey Belyavsky and Nikolaj Ivanov at the Simeiz Observatory on the Crimean peninsula. The asteroid was named in memory of Soviet female parachutist Nata Babushkina (1915–1936).

    1109 Tata, provisional designation 1929 CU, is a dark Hygiean asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 69 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 5 February 1929, by German astronomer Karl Reinmuth at the Heidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory in Germany. The meaning of the asteroids's name is unknown.

    1154 Astronomia, provisional designation 1927 CB, is a carbonaceous background asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 60 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered by German astronomer Karl Reinmuth at the Heidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory on 8 February 1927. The asteroid was named for the natural science of astronomy.

    1213 Algeria, provisional designation 1931 XD, is a carbonaceous asteroid from the outer region of the asteroid belt, approximately 32 kilometers in diameter. Discovered by Guy Reiss at Algiers Observatory in 1931, it was named after the North African country of Algeria.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">2708 Burns</span>

    2708 Burns is a carbonaceous Themistian asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 19 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 24 November 1981, by American astronomer Edward Bowell at the Anderson Mesa Station near Flagstaff, Arizona, in the United States. It was named after American planetary scientist Joseph A. Burns. The likely elongated B-type asteroid has a rotation period of 5.3 hours.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">1576 Fabiola</span> Asteroid

    1576 Fabiola, provisional designation 1948 SA, is a Themistian asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 27 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 30 September 1948, by Belgian astronomer Sylvain Arend at the Royal Observatory of Belgium in Uccle. The asteroid was named after Queen Fabiola of Belgium.

    3996 Fugaku, provisional designation 1988 XG1, is a stony Florian asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 5.5 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 5 December 1988, by Japanese amateur astronomers Masaru Arai and Hiroshi Mori at Yorii Observatory in central Japan. It was named for Mount Fuji, Japan.

    1362 Griqua, provisional designation 1935 QG1 is a dark, Jupiter-resonant background asteroid on an eccentric, cometary-like orbit and the namesake of the Griqua group, located in the Hecuba gap in the outermost region of the asteroid belt. The carbonaceous asteroid measures approximately 28 kilometers (17 miles) in diameter and has a rotation period of 6.9 hours. It was discovered on 31 July 1935, by South-African astronomer Cyril Jackson at Union Observatory in Johannesburg. The asteroid was named after the Griqua people in South Africa and Namibia.

    4997 Ksana, provisional designation 1986 TM, is a carbonaceous Palladian asteroid from the outer region of the asteroid belt, approximately 10 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 6 October 1986, by Russian astronomer Lyudmila Karachkina at Crimean Astrophysical Observatory on the Crimean peninsula. The asteroid was named for Russian chemist Kseniya Nessler.

    5592 Oshima, provisional designation 1990 VB4, is a Veritasian asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 25 kilometers (16 miles) in diameter. It was discovered on 14 November 1990, by astronomers Kenzo Suzuki and Takeshi Urata at the Toyota Observatory, and later named after Japanese astronomer Yoshiaki Oshima. The carbonaceous C-type asteroid has a rotation period of 12.5 hours.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">1484 Postrema</span>

    1484 Postrema, provisional designation 1938 HC, is a carbonaceous Postremian asteroid and namesake of the Postrema family from the central regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 41 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 29 April 1938, by Soviet astronomer Grigory Neujmin at the Simeiz Observatory on the Crimean peninsula. The name "Postrema" celebrates the astronomer's last minor planet discovery.

    1796 Riga, provisional designation 1966 KB, is a dark asteroid from the outer region of the asteroid belt, approximately 70 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 16 May 1966, by Russian astronomer Nikolai Chernykh at the Crimean Astrophysical Observatory in Nauchnyj, on the Crimean peninsula. It is named after the Latvian capital Riga.

    1340 Yvette, provisional designation 1934 YA, is a carbonaceous Themistian asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 29 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 27 December 1934, by astronomer Louis Boyer at the Algiers Observatory, who named it after his niece, Yvette.

    988 Appella, provisional designation 1922 MT, is a dark Themistian asteroid and slow rotator from the outer region of the asteroid belt, approximately 26 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 10 November 1922, by Russian–French astronomer Benjamin Jekhowsky at Algiers Observatory in Algeria, North Africa. The asteroid was later named after French mathematician Paul Émile Appel.

    References

    1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 468 Lina (1901 FZ)" (2016-11-11 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory . Retrieved 20 January 2017.
    2. ↑ (German Names)
    3. 1 2 3 4 Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(468) Lina". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (468) Lina. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 52. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_469. ISBN   978-3-540-00238-3.
    4. 1 2 3 4 5 "LCDB Data for (468) Lina". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 20 January 2017.
    5. 1 2 3 4 5 Nugent, C. R.; Mainzer, A.; Bauer, J.; Cutri, R. M.; Kramer, E. A.; Grav, T.; et al. (September 2016). "NEOWISE Reactivation Mission Year Two: Asteroid Diameters and Albedos". The Astronomical Journal. 152 (3): 12. arXiv: 1606.08923 . Bibcode:2016AJ....152...63N. doi: 10.3847/0004-6256/152/3/63 .
    6. 1 2 3 4 Licandro, J.; Hargrove, K.; Kelley, M.; Campins, H.; Ziffer, J.; Alí-Lagoa, V.; et al. (January 2012). "5-14 mum Spitzer spectra of Themis family asteroids". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 537: 7. Bibcode:2012A&A...537A..73L. doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/201118142 .
    7. 1 2 3 4 5 Landsman, Zoe A.; Licandro, Javier; Campins, Humberto; Ziffer, Julie; Prá, Mario de; Cruikshank, Dale P. (May 2016). "The Veritas and Themis asteroid families: 5-14 mum spectra with the Spitzer Space Telescope". Icarus. 269: 62–74. Bibcode:2016Icar..269...62L. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2016.01.008.
    8. 1 2 3 4 Usui, Fumihiko; Kuroda, Daisuke; Müller, Thomas G.; Hasegawa, Sunao; Ishiguro, Masateru; Ootsubo, Takafumi; et al. (October 2011). "Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan. 63 (5): 1117–1138. Bibcode:2011PASJ...63.1117U. doi:10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117. (online, AcuA catalog p. 153)
    9. 1 2 3 Masiero, Joseph R.; Mainzer, A. K.; Grav, T.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; Nugent, C.; et al. (November 2012). "Preliminary Analysis of WISE/NEOWISE 3-Band Cryogenic and Post-cryogenic Observations of Main Belt Asteroids". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 759 (1): 5. arXiv: 1209.5794 . Bibcode:2012ApJ...759L...8M. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/759/1/L8. S2CID   46350317.
    10. 1 2 3 4 Alí-Lagoa, V.; Licandro, J.; Gil-Hutton, R.; Cañ; ada-Assandri, M.; Delbo', M.; et al. (June 2016). "Differences between the Pallas collisional family and similarly sized B-type asteroids". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 591: 11. Bibcode:2016A&A...591A..14A. doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/201527660 . hdl: 11336/63614 .
    11. 1 2 3 4 5 Mainzer, A.; Grav, T.; Masiero, J.; Hand, E.; Bauer, J.; Tholen, D.; et al. (November 2011). "NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results". The Astrophysical Journal. 741 (2): 25. arXiv: 1109.6407 . Bibcode:2011ApJ...741...90M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90. S2CID   35447010.
    12. 1 2 3 Alí-Lagoa, V.; de León, J.; Licandro, J.; Delbó, M.; Campins, H.; Pinilla-Alonso, N.; et al. (June 2013). "Physical properties of B-type asteroids from WISE data". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 554: 16. arXiv: 1303.5487 . Bibcode:2013A&A...554A..71A. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201220680. S2CID   119214002.
    13. 1 2 3 4 Tedesco, E. F.; Noah, P. V.; Noah, M.; Price, S. D. (October 2004). "IRAS Minor Planet Survey V6.0". NASA Planetary Data System. 12: IRAS-A-FPA-3-RDR-IMPS-V6.0. Bibcode:2004PDSS...12.....T . Retrieved 22 October 2019.
    14. 1 2 3 Buchheim, Robert K. (September 2007). "Lightcurves of 25 Phocaea, 468 Lina, 482 Petrina 551 Ortrud, 741 Botolphia, 834 Burnhamia, 2839 Annette, and 3411 Debetencourt". The Minor Planet Bulletin. 34 (3): 68–71. Bibcode:2007MPBu...34...68B. ISSN   1052-8091.
    15. 1 2 3 4 Behrend, Raoul. "Asteroids and comets rotation curves – (468) Lina". Geneva Observatory . Retrieved 20 January 2017.
    16. ↑ Veres, Peter; Jedicke, Robert; Fitzsimmons, Alan; Denneau, Larry; Granvik, Mikael; Bolin, Bryce; et al. (November 2015). "Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 - Preliminary results". Icarus. 261: 34–47. arXiv: 1506.00762 . Bibcode:2015Icar..261...34V. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007. S2CID   53493339.
    17. 1 2 "468 Lina (1901 FZ)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 20 January 2017.
    18. ↑ Murdin, Paul (2012). Rock Legends: The Asteroids and Their Discoverers – (468) Lina. Springer. p. 112. ISBN   978-3-319-31836-3 . Retrieved 20 January 2017.
    This page is based on this Wikipedia article
    Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
    Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.