956 Elisa

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956 Elisa
Discovery  [1]
Discovered by K. Reinmuth
Discovery site Heidelberg Obs.
Discovery date8 August 1921
Designations
(956) Elisa
PronunciationGerman: [ɛˈliːzaː] [2]
English: /ɪˈlaɪsə/ [3]
Named after
Elisa Reinmuth
(discoverer's mother) [4]
A921 PE ·1959 NB
1921 JW
main-belt   [1] [5]  ·(inner)
Flora   [6]
Orbital characteristics   [5]
Epoch 31 May 2020 (JD 2459000.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc 98.41 yr (35,943 d)
Aphelion 2.7686 AU
Perihelion 1.8282 AU
2.2984 AU
Eccentricity 0.2046
3.48 yr (1,273 d)
136.20°
0° 16m 58.44s / day
Inclination 5.9626°
192.64°
125.36°
Physical characteristics
Mean diameter
  • 10.474±0.208  km [7]
  • 10.6±0.5 km [8]
16.492±0.006  h [9] [10]
  • 0.142±0.022 [8]
  • 0.147±0.022 [7]
V (S3OS2) [11]
12.1 [1] [5]

    956 Elisa ( prov. designation:A921 PEor1921 JW) is a Flora asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 10.5 kilometers (6.5 miles) in diameter. It was discovered on 8 August 1921, by German astronomer Karl Reinmuth at the Heidelberg Observatory. [1] The V-type asteroid has a rotation period of 16.5 hours. It was named after Elisa Reinmuth, mother of the discoverer. [4]

    Contents

    Orbit and classification

    When applying the synthetic hierarchical clustering method (HCM) by Nesvorný, Elisa is a member of the Flora family ( 402 ), a giant asteroid family and the largest family of stony asteroids in the main-belt. [6] [12] : 23  However, according to another HCM-analysis by Milani and Knežević (AstDys), it is a background asteroid as this analysis does not recognize the Flora asteroid clan. [13]

    Elisa orbits the Sun in the inner asteroid belt at a distance of 1.8–2.8  AU once every 3 years and 6 months (1,273 days; semi-major axis of 2.3 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.20 and an inclination of 6° with respect to the ecliptic. [5] The body's observation arc begins at Heidelberg Observatory on 9 August 1921, the night after its official discovery observation. [1]

    Naming

    This minor planet was named after Elisa Reinmuth, mother of the discoverer Karl Reinmuth. The naming was mentioned in The Names of the Minor Planets by Paul Herget in 1955 ( H 92 ). [4]

    Physical characteristics

    In both the Tholen- and SMASS-like taxonomy of the Small Solar System Objects Spectroscopic Survey (S3OS2), Elisa is a V-type asteroid. [6] [11] These asteroids are also called "Vestoids", thought to have originates from an ejecting impact event on 4 Vesta. [14] [15]

    Rotation period

    In July 2008, a rotational lightcurve of Elisa was obtained from photometric observations by Matthieu Conjat at Nice Observatory in France. Lightcurve analysis gave a well-defined rotation period of 16.492±0.006 hours with a brightness variation of 0.36±0.02 magnitude ( U=3 ). [9] [10] During the same opposition, Vladimir Benishek at Belgrade Observatory ( 057 ) and Lucy Lim with the Spitzer -team determined a period for this asteroid of 16.5075±0.0007 and 16.494±0.001 hours with an amplitude of 0.37±0.02 and 0.35±0.02 magnitude, respectively ( U=3/3– ). [8] [16]

    Diameter and albedo

    According to the survey carried out by the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) and the Spitzer Space Telescope, Elisa measures 10.474±0.208 and 10.6±0.5 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo of 0.147±0.022 and 0.142±0.022, respectively. [7] [8] The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes a standard albedo for a Flora asteroid of 0.24 and calculates a diameter of 10.31 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 12.1. [9] The WISE team has also published two smaller mean-diameters of 8.02±1.09 km and 8.40±0.67 km with higher albedos of 0.41±0.21 and 0.362±0.071. [6] [9]

    Related Research Articles

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    <span class="mw-page-title-main">928 Hildrun</span>

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    929 Algunde, is a stony Flora asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, that measures approximately 11 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered by German astronomer Karl Reinmuth at the Heidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory on 10 March 1920. The S-type asteroid has a short rotation period of 3.3 hours and is likely spherical in shape. It was named "Algunde", a common German female name unrelated to the discoverer's contemporaries, that was taken from the almanac Lahrer Hinkender Bote.

    957 Camelia is a large, carbonaceous background asteroid and slow rotator, approximately 70 kilometers in diameter. It is located in the outer regions of the asteroid belt and was discovered on 7 September 1921, by astronomer Karl Reinmuth at the Heidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory in Germany and given the provisional designations A921 RF and 1921 JX. The C-type asteroid (Cb) has a long rotation period of at least 150 hours. It was named after the genus of flowering plants, Camellia.

    960 Birgit is a background asteroid, approximately 8 kilometers in diameter, located in the Florian region of the inner asteroid belt. It was discovered on 1 October 1921, by astronomer Karl Reinmuth at the Heidelberg Observatory in southern Germany. The possibly S-type asteroid has a rotation period of 8.9 hours. It was named after Birgit Asplind, daughter of Swedish astronomer Bror Asplind (1890–1954).

    970 Primula is a stony background asteroid from the central regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 9.2 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 29 November 1921, by astronomer Karl Reinmuth at the Heidelberg Observatory in southern Germany. The S-type asteroid has a short rotation period of 2.8 hours. It was named after the genus of flowering plants, Primula, which are also known as "primroses".

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">979 Ilsewa</span>

    979 Ilsewa is a background asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 36 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered by German astronomer Karl Reinmuth at the Heidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory on 29 June 1922. The uncommon T-type asteroid has a longer-than average rotation period of 42.6 hours. It was named after Ilse Walldorf, an acquaintance of the discoverer.

    987 Wallia is a large background asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 52 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 23 October 1922, by astronomer Karl Reinmuth at the Heidelberg Observatory in southern Germany. The D/T-type asteroid has a rotation period of 10.1 hours and shows an unusual trinomial lightcurve. It was named after a common German female name, unrelated to the discoverer's contemporaries, and taken from the almanac Lahrer Hinkender Bote.

    989 Schwassmannia is a stony background asteroid and a slow rotator from the central regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 12.5 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 18 November 1922, by astronomer Friedrich Karl Arnold Schwassmann at the Bergedorf Observatory in Hamburg, Germany. The bright S/T-type asteroid has a long rotation period of 107.9 hours. It was named after the discoverer himself.

    1131 Porzia, provisional designation 1929 RO, is a stony asteroid and sizable Mars-crosser from the innermost regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 7 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 10 September 1929, by German astronomer Karl Reinmuth at the Heidelberg Observatory in southwest Germany. The asteroid was named after Porcia wife of Brutus, who assassinated Julius Caesar.

    1152 Pawona, provisional designation 1930 AD, is a stony Vestian asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 16 kilometers in diameter. Discovered by Karl Reinmuth at Heidelberg Observatory in 1930, the asteroid was named in honor of astronomers Johann Palisa and Max Wolf.

    3268 De Sanctis, provisional designation 1981 DD, is a Vestian asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 6 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 26 February 1981, by European astronomers Henri Debehogne and Giovanni de Sanctis at ESO's La Silla Observatory in northern Chile. The asteroid was named after the second discoverer. The assumed S-type asteroid has a rotation period of 17 hours.

    1759 Kienle, provisional designation 1942 RF, is a stony background asteroid from the central regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 7 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 11 September 1942, by astronomer Karl Reinmuth at the Heidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory in southwest Germany. The S-type asteroid has a longer-than average rotation period of 29.3 hours. It was named for German astrophysicist Hans Kienle.

    1469 Linzia, provisional designation 1938 QD, is a dark asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 60 kilometers in diameter. Discovered by Karl Reinmuth at Heidelberg Observatory in 1938, the asteroid was later named after the Austrian city of Linz.

    1720 Niels, provisional designation 1935 CQ, is a stony asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 6.4 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 7 February 1935, by German astronomer Karl Reinmuth at Heidelberg Observatory in southern Germany, and named after a grandson of the discoverer.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">1400 Tirela</span>

    1400 Tirela is an asteroid and the parent body of the Tirela family, located in the outer regions of the asteroid belt. It was discovered on 17 November 1936, by French astronomer Louis Boyer at the Algiers Observatory in North Africa. The asteroid has a rotation period of 13.4 hours and measures approximately 16 kilometers in diameter. It was named after Charles Tirel, a friend of the discoverer.

    13058 Alfredstevens, provisional designation 1990 WN3, is a stony Vestian asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 3 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered by Belgian astronomer Eric Elst at ESO's La Silla Observatory in Northern Chile, on 19 November 1990. The asteroid was named for Belgian painter Alfred Stevens.

    References

    1. 1 2 3 4 5 "956 Elisa (A921 PE)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 14 February 2020.
    2. ↑ (German Names)
    3. ↑ Noah Webster (1884) A Practical Dictionary of the English Language
    4. 1 2 3 Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(956) Elisa". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names . Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p.  84. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_957. ISBN   978-3-540-00238-3.
    5. 1 2 3 4 "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 956 Elisa (A921 PE)" (2020-01-05 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory . Retrieved 14 February 2020.
    6. 1 2 3 4 "Asteroid 956 Elisa". Small Bodies Data Ferret. Retrieved 14 February 2020.
    7. 1 2 3 Masiero, Joseph R.; Mainzer, A. K.; Grav, T.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; Dailey, J.; et al. (November 2011). "Main Belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE. I. Preliminary Albedos and Diameters". The Astrophysical Journal. 741 (2): 20. arXiv: 1109.4096 . Bibcode:2011ApJ...741...68M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/68.
    8. 1 2 3 4 Lim, Lucy F.; Emery, Joshua P.; Moskovitz, Nicholas A. (June 2011). "Mineralogy and thermal properties of V-type Asteroid 956 Elisa: Evidence for diogenitic material from the Spitzer IRS (5-35 μm) spectrum" (PDF). Icarus. 213 (2): 510–523. Bibcode:2011Icar..213..510L. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2010.12.006.
    9. 1 2 3 4 "LCDB Data for (956) Elisa". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 14 February 2020.
    10. 1 2 Behrend, Raoul. "Asteroids and comets rotation curves – (956) Elisa". Geneva Observatory. Retrieved 14 February 2020.
    11. 1 2 Lazzaro, D.; Angeli, C. A.; Carvano, J. M.; Mothé-Diniz, T.; Duffard, R.; Florczak, M. (November 2004). "S3OS2: the visible spectroscopic survey of 820 asteroids" (PDF). Icarus. 172 (1): 179–220. Bibcode:2004Icar..172..179L. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2004.06.006 . Retrieved 14 February 2020.
    12. ↑ Nesvorný, D.; Broz, M.; Carruba, V. (December 2014). "Identification and Dynamical Properties of Asteroid Families". Asteroids IV. pp. 297–321. arXiv: 1502.01628 . Bibcode:2015aste.book..297N. doi:10.2458/azu_uapress_9780816532131-ch016. ISBN   978-0-8165-3213-1.
    13. ↑ "Asteroid 956 Elisa – Proper Elements". AstDyS-2, Asteroids – Dynamic Site. Retrieved 14 February 2020.
    14. ↑ M. Florczak; D. Lazarro & R. Duffard (2002). "Discovering New V-Type Asteroids in the Vicinity of 4 Vesta". Icarus. 159 (1): 178. Bibcode:2002Icar..159..178F. doi:10.1006/icar.2002.6913.
    15. ↑ V. Carruba; et al. (2005). "On the V-type asteroids outside the Vesta family". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 441 (2): 819–829. arXiv: astro-ph/0506656 . Bibcode:2005A&A...441..819C. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20053355.
    16. ↑ Benishek, Vladimir; Protitch-Benishek, Vojislava (April 2009). "CCD Photometry of Asteroids at the Belgrade Astronomical Observatory: 2008 January-September" (PDF). Minor Planet Bulletin. 36 (2): 35–37. Bibcode:2009MPBu...36...35B. ISSN   1052-8091. Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 November 2020. Retrieved 14 February 2020.
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