Apocynum venetum

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Apocynum venetum
Apocynum venetum 1.jpg
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Gentianales
Family: Apocynaceae
Genus: Apocynum
Species:
A. venetum
Binomial name
Apocynum venetum
L.
Synonyms [1]
  • Trachomitum venetum(L.) Woodson
  • Apocynum armenumPobed.
  • Trachomitum armenum(Pobed.) Pobed.
  • Apocynum basikurumonH.Hara
  • Apocynum lancifoliumRussanov
  • Trachomitum lancifolium(Russanov) Pobed.
  • Nerium antidysentericumLepech. 1790 not L. 1753 nor Lepech. 1795
  • Nerium sibiricumMedik.
  • Apocynum sibiricumPall. ex Roem. & Schult. 1819 not Jacq. 1770
  • Apocynum compressumMoench
  • Trachomitum sarmatienseWoodson
  • Apocynum sarmatiense(Woodson) O.Wissjul.
  • Apocynum scabrumRussanov
  • Trachomitum scabrum(Russanov) Pobed.
  • Apocynum tauricumPobed.
  • Trachomitum tauricum(Pobed.) Pobed.

Apocynum venetum, commonly known as sword-leaf dogbane, [2] is a plant species in the dogbane family that is poisonous but used as a source of fiber, medicine, and nectar for production of honey. [3]

Contents

Distribution and habitat

Apocynum venetum is considered to be native to a wide range in northern Asia and Southeast Europe: Italy, Bulgaria, Romania, Ex-Yugoslavia, Turkey, Ukraine, Russia, Siberia, Central Asia, Iran, Iraq, Cyprus, Pakistan, Afghanistan, China, and Japan. [1] [3] [4] It grows in swamps, wet places, and maritime sands. [5]

Uses

Apocynum venetum is a valuable bast fibre, compared favorably to silk, ramie, cashmere, and cotton. [6] Apocynum venetum leaves have been used in traditional medicine for the treatment of hypertension. [7]

Subspecies

Dried Apocynum venetum tea leaves ("Luobuma") Rafuma cha.JPG
Dried Apocynum venetum tea leaves ("Luobuma")

Subspecies include: [1]

  1. Apocynum venetum subsp. armenum(Pobed.) ined. – Turkey, Iran, Caucasus
  2. Apocynum venetum subsp. basikurumon(H.Hara) ined. – Japan
  3. Apocynum venetum subsp. lancifolium(Russanov) ined. – Siberia, China (including Tibet + Xinjiang), Mongolia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan
  4. Apocynum venetum subsp. russanovii(Pobed.) ined. – Ostriv Dzharylhach Peninsula in Ukraine
  5. Apocynum venetum subsp. sarmatiense(Woodson) ined. – Bulgaria, Russia, Ukraine, Turkey, Iran, Iraq, Caucasus
  6. Apocynum venetum subsp. scabrum(Russanov) ined. – Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Tajikistan, Afghanistan, Iran, Pakistan
  7. Apocynum venetum subsp. tauricum(Pobed.) ined. – Cape St. Ilya in Crimea
  8. Apocynum venetum subsp. venetum – Italy

References

  1. 1 2 3 "Apocynum venetum L." Plants of the World Online . Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  2. ↑ English Names for Korean Native Plants (PDF). Pocheon: Korea National Arboretum. 2015. p. 355. ISBN   978-89-97450-98-5. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 May 2017. Retrieved 25 January 2016– via Korea Forest Service.
  3. 1 2 "Apocynum venetum". Flora of China– via eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA.
  4. ↑ "Trachomitum venetum (L.) Woodson". Apocino veneziano (in Italian). 2013-09-08. Archived from the original on 2013-04-05.
  5. ↑ "Apocynum venetum". Plants for a Future . Retrieved 2022-01-07.
  6. ↑ Duan, Shengwen; Cheng, Lifeng; Feng, Xiangyuan; Zheng, Ke; Peng, Yuande; Liu, Zhengchu (2018). "Bio-degumming technology of Apocynum venetum bast by Pectobacterium sp. DCE-01" . Textile Research Journal. 88 (12): 1377–1383. doi:10.1177/0040517517700198. ISSN   0040-5175.
  7. ↑ Waltenberger, Birgit; Mocan, Andrei; Šmejkal, Karel; Heiss, Elke H.; Atanasov, Atanas G. (2016-06-22). "Natural Products to Counteract the Epidemic of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders". Molecules (Basel, Switzerland). 21 (6): 807. doi: 10.3390/molecules21060807 . ISSN   1420-3049. PMC   4928700 . PMID   27338339.
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