Aporosa

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Aporosa
Aporosa lindleyana.jpg
Aporosa cardiosperma
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Malpighiales
Family: Phyllanthaceae
Subfamily: Antidesmatoideae
Tribe: Scepeae
Genus: Aporosa
Blume
Synonyms [1]

Aporosa is a genus of flowering plant belonging to the family Phyllanthaceae, first described as a genus in 1825. [4] It is native to China, the Indian Subcontinent, Southeast Asia, Papuasia, and Queensland. [1] [5] [6] [7]

These plants are mostly dioecious trees or shrubs. [8] Four species ( A. hermaphrodita , A. heterodoxa , A. brevicaudata , and A. egreria ) have consistently bisexual flowers, although they may be functionally dioecious. [9] The seeds have brightly colored arils that are attractive to birds, which disperse the seeds. [3]

Based on fossil evidence, the genus has been hypothesized as having its origins in the Indian Subcontinent from where it may have dispersed into Southeast Asia. [10]

There are about 80 species. [3]

Species [1]
  1. Aporosa acuminata - SW India, Sri Lanka
  2. Aporosa alia - Borneo
  3. Aporosa annulata - New Guinea, Bismarcks
  4. Aporosa antennifera - Borneo, Sumatra, W Malaysia
  5. Aporosa arborea - Borneo, Sumatra, W Malaysia, Java, S Thailand
  6. Aporosa aurea - Borneo, Sumatra, W Malaysia, S Thailand
  7. Aporosa banahaensis - Philippines, Sabah
  8. Aporosa basilanensis - Borneo, Basilan
  9. Aporosa benthamiana - Borneo, Sumatra, W Malaysia, Philippines
  10. Aporosa bourdillonii - Kerala
  11. Aporosa brassii - E New Guinea, Bismarcks
  12. Aporosa brevicaudata - New Guinea
  13. Aporosa bullatissima - Borneo
  14. Aporosa caloneura - Borneo
  15. Aporosa cardiosperma - W India, Sri Lanka
  16. Aporosa carrii - E New Guinea
  17. Aporosa chondroneura - Borneo
  18. Aporosa confusa - Borneo, Sumatra, W Malaysia
  19. Aporosa decipiens - New Guinea
  20. Aporosa dendroidea - Maluku
  21. Aporosa duthieana - Indochina
  22. Aporosa egregia - W New Guinea
  23. Aporosa elmeri - Borneo
  24. Aporosa falcifera - Borneo, Sumatra, W Malaysia, Sulawesi, S Thailand
  25. Aporosa ficifolia - Mainland Southeast Asia
  26. Aporosa flexuosa - New Guinea
  27. Aporosa frutescens - Myanmar, Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, Philippines
  28. Aporosa fulvovittata - Sabah
  29. Aporosa fusiformis - SW India, Sri Lanka
  30. Aporosa globifera - Sumatra, W Malaysia, S Thailand
  31. Aporosa grandistipula - Borneo, Sulawesi
  32. Aporosa granularis - Borneo
  33. Aporosa hermaphrodita - E New Guinea
  34. Aporosa heterodoxa - Bougainville I
  35. Aporosa illustris - Borneo
  36. Aporosa lagenocarpa - Borneo
  37. Aporosa lamellata - New Guinea
  38. Aporosa lanceolata - Sri Lanka
  39. Aporosa latifolia - Sri Lanka
  40. Aporosa laxiflora - E New Guinea, Bismarcks
  41. Aporosa ledermanniana - New Guinea, Bismarcks, Louisiades
  42. Aporosa leptochrysandra - New Guinea
  43. Aporosa leytensis - Philippines, Sulawesi
  44. Aporosa longicaudata - New Guinea
  45. Aporosa lucida - Malaysia, Indonesia
  46. Aporosa lunata - Borneo, Sumatra, W Malaysia, Java, S Thailand
  47. Aporosa macrophylla - Myanmar
  48. Aporosa maingayi - W Malaysia
  49. Aporosa microstachya - W Malaysia, Java, S Thailand, S Myanmar
  50. Aporosa misimana - E New Guinea
  51. Aporosa nervosa - Borneo, Sumatra, W Malaysia, S Thailand
  52. Aporosa nigricans - Borneo, Sumatra, W Malaysia, S Thailand
  53. Aporosa nigropunctata - New Guinea
  54. Aporosa nitida - Borneo
  55. Aporosa octandra - S China, SE Asia, New Guinea, Queensland
  56. Aporosa papuana - New Guinea, Bismarcks, Solomons
  57. Aporosa parvula - W New Guinea
  58. Aporosa penangensis - W Malaysia, S Thailand
  59. Aporosa planchoniana - Mainland Southeast Asia
  60. Aporosa praegrandifolia - New Guinea
  61. Aporosa prainiana - Borneo, Sumatra, W Malaysia
  62. Aporosa pseudoficifolia - W Malaysia, S Thailand, S Myanmar
  63. Aporosa quadrilocularis - Kedah, Sumatra
  64. Aporosa reticulata - E New Guinea
  65. Aporosa rhacostyla - Sarawak
  66. Aporosa sarawakensis - Borneo
  67. Aporosa sclerophylla - E New Guinea
  68. Aporosa selangorica - W Malaysia
  69. Aporosa serrata - Laos, N Thailand
  70. Aporosa sphaeridiophora - Philippines, Java
  71. Aporosa stellifera - Sumatra, W Malaysia, S Thailand
  72. Aporosa stenostachys - Sarawak
  73. Aporosa subcaudata - Borneo, Sumatra, W Malaysia
  74. Aporosa sylvestri - Sarawak
  75. Aporosa symplocifolia - Philippines
  76. Aporosa symplocoides - Borneo, Sumatra, W Malaysia, S Thailand
  77. Aporosa tetrapleura - Cambodia, Vietnam
  78. Aporosa vagans - New Guinea to Admiralty Is
  79. Aporosa villosa - Southeast Asia, Andaman & Nicobar
  80. Aporosa wallichii - Assam, Bangladesh, Indochina
  81. Aporosa whitmorei - Sumatra, W Malaysia
  82. Aporosa yunnanensis - Indochina, S China, Assam
formerly included [1]

moved to other genera: Antidesma Baccaurea Drypetes Shirakiopsis

  1. A. bilitonensis - Baccaurea minor
  2. A. calocarpa - Drypetes longifolia
  3. A. dolichocarpa - Baccaurea javanica
  4. A. griffithii - Antidesma coriaceum
  5. A. inaequalis - Drypetes leonensis
  6. A. somalensis - Shirakiopsis elliptica

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  3. Ptychopyxis caput-medusae - W Malaysia
  4. Ptychopyxis chrysantha - New Guinea
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References

  1. 1 2 3 4 Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
  2. ↑ Tropicos, Aporusa Blume
  3. 1 2 3 Debski, I., et al. (2002). Habitat preferences of Aporosa in two Malaysian forests: implications for abundance and coexistence. Ecology, 83(7), 2005-2018.
  4. ↑ Blume, Carl Ludwig von. 1825. Flora Javae 1: vi
  5. ↑ Govaerts, R., Frodin, D.G. & Radcliffe-Smith, A. (2000). World Checklist and Bibliography of Euphorbiaceae (and Pandaceae) 1-4: 1-1622. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  6. ↑ Schot, A.M. (2004). Systematics of Aporosa (Euphorbiaceae). Blumea. Supplement 17: 1-381.
  7. ↑ Flora of China Vol. 11 Page 215 银柴属 yin chai shu Aporosa Blume, Bijdr. 514. 1825.
  8. ↑ Debski, Igor; Burslem, David F. R. P.; Palmiotto, Peter A.; Lafrankie, James V.; Lee, H. S.; Manokaran, N. (2002). "Habitat Preferences of Aporosa in Two Malaysian Forests: Implications for Abundance and Coexistence". Ecology. 83 (7): 2005. doi:10.1890/0012-9658(2002)083[2005:HPOAIT]2.0.CO;2. ISSN   0012-9658.
  9. ↑ Wurdack, Kenneth J.; Hoffmann, Petra; Samuel, Rosabelle; Bruijn, Anette; Bank, Michelle; Chase, Mark W. (2004). "Molecular phylogenetic analysis of Phyllanthaceae (Phyllanthoideae pro parte, Euphorbiaceae sensu lato) using plastid RBCL DNA sequences". American Journal of Botany. 91 (11): 1882–1900. doi: 10.3732/ajb.91.11.1882 . PMID   21652335.
  10. ↑ Shukla, Anumeha; Mehrotra, Rakesh C.; Spicer, Robert A.; Spicer, Teresa E.V. (2016). "Aporosa Blume from the paleoequatorial rainforest of Bikaner, India: Its evolution and diversification in deep time". Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology. 232: 14–21. doi:10.1016/j.revpalbo.2016.05.006.
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