Atractocarpus

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Atractocarpus
Atractocarpus fitzalanii.jpg
Atractocarpus fitzalanii
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Gentianales
Family: Rubiaceae
Subfamily: Ixoroideae
Tribe: Gardenieae
Genus: Atractocarpus
Schltr. & K.Krause
Type species
Atractocarpus bracteatus
Synonyms

Atractocarpus is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. Its members are commonly known as native gardenias in Australia. The genus name is derived from the Ancient Greek terms atractos "spindle", and karpos "fruit", from the spindle-shaped fruit of the type species. [1]

Contents

Taxonomy

Defined by botanists Rudolf Schlechter and Kurt Krause in 1908, the type species is Atractocarpus bracteatus, which is found only on New Caledonia. [2] Subsequently, several other species were described from New Caledonia.

Meanwhile, the genera Randia and Gardenia had been used as wastebasket taxa, where many species that had been difficult to place had been placed by default. Several Australian species of the genus Randia were found to be not closely related to Neotropical species and were transferred in a review of the genera by Australian botanist Christopher Puttock in 1999; these include several garden plant species such as A. benthamianus , A. chartaceus , and A. fitzalanii . [3]

Puttock also proposed that the genera Sukunia, Trukia, Neofranciella, and Sulitia (the last two consisting of once species each) be sunk into Atractocarpus. The resulting genus now contains around forty species, with seven found in Australia, and others in the Federated States of Micronesia, the Philippines, New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, Vanuatu, New Caledonia, Fiji, Tonga, and east to Tahiti. All species are found in a type of lowland rainforest known as mesophyll vine forests, as well as swamp forests and vine thickets. [4]

Species

The following 40 species are accepted by Plants of the World Online as of March 2023 [5]


Related Research Articles

<i>Gardenia</i> Genus of flowering plants in the coffee family Rubiaceae

Gardenia is a genus of flowering plants in the coffee family, Rubiaceae, native to the tropical and subtropical regions of Africa, Asia, Madagascar and Pacific Islands, and Australia.

<i>Bikkia</i> Genus of plants

Bikkia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. It is native to the Philippines, the Maluku region of eastern Indonesia, New Guinea and the western Pacific. The genus was named by Caspar Reinwardt in 1825. Seven of the New Caledonian species previously included in Bikkia were transferred to a separate genus, Thiollierea, in 2011 based on molecular and morphological information.

<i>Spiraeanthemum</i> Extinct genus of plants

Spiraeanthemum is a genus of trees and shrubs in the family Cunoniaceae. it includes about 19 species from Australia, New Guinea, Solomon Islands, New Caledonia, Vanuatu, Fiji and Samoa. Leaves are simple, opposite or whorled, with toothed or entire margins. Inflorescences are paniculate, flowers unisexual or hermaphrodite, and the fruits are follicular with free carpels. It belongs to the tribe Spiraeanthemeae, and now includes the species formerly placed in Acsmithia.

<i>Xanthostemon</i> Genus of flowering plants

Xanthostemon is a genus of trees and shrubs, constituting part of the myrtle plant family Myrtaceae. This genus was first described in 1857 by German–Australian botanist Ferdinand von Mueller. According to different official sources between 46 and 51 species are known to science. They grow naturally in New Caledonia, Australia, the Solomon Islands and Malesia, including the Philippines, New Guinea and Indonesia. The genera Pleurocalyptus and Purpureostemon from New Caledonia are morphologically close to Xanthostemon.

<i>Randia</i> (plant) Genus of plants

Randia, commonly known as indigoberry, is a mostly Neotropical genus of shrubs or small trees in the Rubiaceae. As of February 2022 Plants of the World Online lists a total of 112 accepted species in the genus. Several Australian species have been reassigned to the genus Atractocarpus. These include the garden plants Atractocarpus chartaceus and A. fitzalanii.

<i>Atractocarpus chartaceus</i> Species of plant in the family Rubiaceae

Atractocarpus chartaceus, commonly known as the narrow-leaved gardenia, is a species of evergreen flowering plant in the madder and coffee family Rubiaceae. It is mostly found in subtropical rainforest of eastern Australia, and it is cultivated for its fragrant flowers and colourful fruit.

<i>Atractocarpus fitzalanii</i> Species of tree

Atractocarpus fitzalanii, the brown gardenia or yellow mangosteen, is a species of flowering plant in the family Rubiaceae found in tropical Queensland in Australia. The beautifully scented flowers and lush growth has seen this plant enter cultivation in subtropical gardens in Eastern Australia.

<i>Atractocarpus benthamianus</i> Species of plant

Atractocarpus benthamianus is a species of flowering plant in the family Rubiaceae growing in eastern Australia. It is an understorey species of subtropical and tropical rainforest on fertile soils. The natural range of distribution is from Forster, New South Wales to central Queensland. This plant features beautifully scented flowers.

<i>Cyclophyllum</i> Genus of plants

Cyclophyllum is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. It is found from New Guinea, Australia and on islands in many parts of the Pacific.

<i>Atractocarpus heterophyllus</i> Species of plant

Atractocarpus heterophyllus is a species of flowering plant in the family Rubiaceae. The plant is native to southeastern New Caledonia.

Rhopalobrachium was a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae but is no longer recognized. It has been sunk into synonymy with Cyclophyllum. It was originally described by Rudolf Schlechter and Kurt Krause in 1908 to accommodate two New Caledonian species, R. congestum and R. fragrans. No type species was selected.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chiococceae</span> Tribe of plants

Chiococceae is a tribe of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae and contains about 233 species in 27 genera. Most representatives occur from southern Florida to tropical and subtropical America, except for the genera Badusa and Bikkia, which are found from the Philippines to the West Pacific, and Morierina and Thiollierea, which are native to New Caledonia.

<i>Deplanchea</i> Genus of flowering plants

Deplanchea is a genus of about eight species of tropical rainforest trees, constituting part of the plant family Bignoniaceae.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gardenieae</span> Tribe of flowering plants in the coffee family Rubiaceae

Gardenieae is a tribe of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae and contains about 586 species in 53 genera.

<i>Gynochthodes</i> Genus of plants

Gynochthodes is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. The genus is found from Madagascar to tropical and subtropical Asia and the Pacific region.

<i>Atractocarpus hirtus</i> Species of plant in the family Rubiaceae

Atractocarpus hirtus, commonly known as the hairy gardenia or native loquat, is a plant in the madder family Rubiaceae, a large family of some 6,500 species with a cosmopolitan distribution. This species is endemic to north-east Queensland, Australia.

Christopher Francis Puttock, often cited as C.F.Puttock, is an Australian botanist and taxonomist who has interests in the Rubiaceae and Asteraceae flowering plant families as well as Pteridophyta (ferns) and Rhodophyta.

<i>Atractocarpus merikin</i> Species of plant in the family Rubiaceae

Atractocarpus merikin, commonly known as the mountain gardenia or merikin, is a plant in the Rubiaceae family endemic to northeast Queensland.

References

  1. Floyd AG (2009). Rainforest Trees of Mainland Southeastern Australia. Lismore, NSW: Terania Rainforest Publishing. p. 331. ISBN   978-0-9589436-7-3.
  2. Schlechter, Friedrich Richard Rudolf & Krause, Kurt. 1908. Botanische Jahrbücher für Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie 40 Beibl. 92: 43.
  3. Puttock CF, Quinn CJ (1999). "Generic concepts in Australian Gardenieae (Rubiaceae): a cladistic approach". Australian Systematic Botany. CSIRO Publishing. 12 (2): 181–99. doi:10.1071/SB98001.
  4. Puttock CF (1999). "Revision of Atractocarpus (Rubiaceae: Gardenieae) in Australia and New Combinations for Some Extra-Australian Taxa". Australian Systematic Botany. CSIRO Publishing. 12 (2): 271–309. doi:10.1071/SB97030.
  5. "Atractocarpus Schltr. & K.Krause". Plants of the World Online . Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved 16 March 2023.