Barat Daya Islands

Last updated
Barat Daya Islands
Native name:
Kepulauan Barat Daya
Barat Daya Islands en.png
Maluku Islands en.png
Barat Daya Islands in the south of Maluku Islands
Geography
Location Southeast Asia
Archipelago Maluku Islands
Major islands Damar, Kisar, Liran, Romang, Wetar
Administration
Province Maluku
Additional information
Time zone

The Barat Daya Islands (Indonesian : Kepulauan Barat Daya) are a group of islands in the Maluku province of Indonesia. The Indonesian phrase barat daya means 'south-west'.

Contents

Geography

These islands are located off the eastern end of East Timor. Wetar is the largest island in the group. To the west, the Ombai Strait separates Wetar from Alor Island, part of East Nusa Tenggara. The Wetar Strait separates Wetar from Timor to the south.

Even though included in the Indonesian Maluku province political division, the southwestern islands are geographically part of the Lesser Sunda Islands. Rainfall is limited with a dry season between October and December when some of the islands appear as dry savannah. [1] The Barat Daya Islands except Wetar are part of the Banda Sea Islands moist deciduous forests ecoregion. Wetar and Timor comprise the Timor and Wetar deciduous forests ecoregion. [2] Most of the islands are barren, infertile and minimally forested. [1]

Together with Timor, Nusa Tenggara, Sulawesi, and most of Maluku, the Barat Daya Islands are part of Wallacea, the group of Indonesian islands that are separated by deep water from both the Australian and Asian continental shelves. The islands of Wallacea have never been linked by land to either Asia or Australia, and as a result have few mammals and a mix of flora and fauna from both continents.

Islands

Among the islands within the archipelago are (from west to east):

Populated places

Geology

The islands are part of the Inner Banda Arc, a volcanic island arc created by the collision of the Indo-Australian Plate and the Eurasian Plate. Romang and Damar are volcanic; Wetar consists mostly of oceanic crust that was pushed to the surface by the colliding plates. The Barat Daya and Banda islands constitute an inner arc; the outer arc, which includes Timor, the Tanimbar Islands, and the Kai Islands, is mostly made up of oceanic crust lifted up by the collision, and wraps around south and east of the inner arc.

History

Unlike much of the rest of the Maluku Islands, the Barat Daya Islands did not participate in the inter-island trade over the centuries. Damar was the region's only island to have produced spice. Too remote from the centre of the Malukan spice trade, the Dutch destroyed the nutmeg trees on Babar. Bugis and Makarassarese annually sailed to coral-rich Luang to purchase reef products such as trepang and mother of pearl. [1]

Administration

The Maluku Barat Daya Regency is administratively composed of seventeen districts (kecamatan), whose areas (in km2) and 2013 officially estimated populations are listed below.: [3] The districts are formally grouped into three archipelagoes – the Terselatan Group (including Wetar, as well as Kisar and Romang Islands), the Lemola Group (Letti, Moa and Lakor) and the Babar Group (including the Damer and Sermata Islands). The areas (in km2) [4] and the populations at the 2010 census [5] and 2020 census, [6] together with the official estimates as at mid 2023, [4] are listed below. The table also includes the locations of the district administrative centres, the number of administrative villages in each district (totaling 117 rural desa and 1 urban kelurahan – the latter being Tiakur on Moa Island), and its post code.

Kode
Wilayah
Name of
district
(kecamatan)
comprisingArea
in
km2
Pop'n
census
2010
Pop'n
census
2020
Pop'n
estimate
mid 2023
Admin
centre
No.
of
Villages
Post
Code
81.08.06Wetar Selatansouthern part of Wetar Island1,157.607,9162,3592,830Ilwaki697446
81.08.14Wetar Baratwestern part of Wetar Island, plus Lirang Island,
and other islands west of Wetar
345.70(a)2,1812,732Ustutun597447
81.08.13Wetar Utaranorthern part of Wetar Island, plus Reong Island677.60(a)2,3653,421Lurang697449
81.08.15Wetar Timureastern part of Wetar Island470.90(a)1,7172,126Arwala697448
81.08.07Kisar Selatansouthern part of Kisar Island65.4017,89910,02710,803Wonreli697445
81.08.17Kisar Utaranorthern part of Kisar Island18.59(b)3,1853,274Putihair Timur397441
81.08.16Kepulauan RomaRomang Islands194.30(b)4,1464,430Rumkuda397440
Totals for Terselatan Group2,930.0925,81525,98029,61635
81.08.08LettiLeti Island90.107,5268,0609,019Serwaru797444
81.08.01MoaMoa Island361.609,13816,29418,953Weet897442
81.08.12LakorLakor Island112.60(c)2,5162,865Wewawan597443
Totals for Lemola Group564.3016,66426,87030,83720
81.08.02DamerDamer, plus uninhabited Nus Leur,
Terbang Utara and Terbang Selatan
201.805,5605,7186,362Wulur797128
-97652
81.08.03Luang Sermata Sermata Islands 125.505,2695,1166,365Lelang1197652
81.08.04Babar Barat Babar Island (western half), Dai359.707,7526,4917,234Tepa997451
81.08.05Babar TimurBabar Island (eastern half)281.309,6546,0126,759Letwurung1197654
81.08.09Pulau MaselaMasela Island46.71(e)2,3222,705Latalola Besar1197653
81.08.10Dawelor DaweraDawelor Island and
Dawera Island
27.06(e)1,2941,476Watuwey697651
81.08.11Pulau Wetang Wetang Island 44.60(d)2,1252,412Rumah Lewang Besar897652
Totals for Babar Group1,086.67928,23529,07833,31363

Notes:
(a) the 2010 populations for the four districts which comprised Pulau Pulau Wetar District are listed under Wetar Selatan District.
(b) the 2010 populations of Kisar Utara and Kepulauan Roma Districts are included under the figure for Kisar Selatan District (formerly called Pulau Pulau Terselatan District), from which they were split off.
(c) the 2010 population of Lakor District is included in the figure for Moa District, from which it was split off.
(d) the 2010 population of Pulau Wetang District is included in the figure for Babar Barat District (formerly called Pulau Pulau Babar District), from which it was split off.
(e) the 2010 populations of Pulau Masela and Daweloor Dawera Districts are included under the figure for Babar Timur District, from which they were split off.

See also

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References

  1. 1 2 3 Muller, Karl (1997). Maluku: Indonesian Spice Islands. Singapore: Periplus Editions. p. 156. ISBN   962-593-176-7.
  2. Stuart L. Pimm et al. Terrestrial Ecoregions of the Indo-Pacific: A Conservation Assessment (World Wildlife Fund Ecoregion Assessments), Island Press, 2001, ISBN   9781559639231
  3. Biro Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2015.
  4. 1 2 Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 28 February 2024, Kabupaten Maluku Barat Daya Dalam Angka 2024 (Katalog-BPS 1102001.8108)
  5. Biro Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2011.
  6. Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2021.

7°45′S126°15′E / 7.75°S 126.25°E / -7.75; 126.25