| Belliidae | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Bellia picta | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Subphylum: | Crustacea |
| Class: | Malacostraca |
| Order: | Decapoda |
| Suborder: | Pleocyemata |
| Infraorder: | Brachyura |
| Subsection: | Heterotremata |
| Superfamily: | Bellioidea Dana, 1852 |
| Family: | Belliidae Dana, 1852 |
| Genera | |
Belliidae is a family of crabs of the order Decapoda.
They respond to predators by hyper-extending all of its limbs and remain in this position for varied amounts of time (Hazlett).
Seven species belong to the family Belliidae : [1]
The fiddler crab or calling crab may be any of more than one hundred species of semiterrestrial marine crabs in the family Ocypodidae, well known for their sexually dimorphic claws; the males' major claw is much larger than the minor claw, while the females' claws are both the same size. A smaller number of ghost crab and mangrove crab species are also found in the family Ocypodidae. This entire group is composed of small crabs, the largest being slightly over two inches (5 cm) across. Fiddler crabs are found along sea beaches and brackish intertidal mud flats, lagoons, swamps, and various other types of brackish or salt-water wetlands.
Xanthidae is a family of crabs known as gorilla crabs, mud crabs, pebble crabs or rubble crabs. Xanthid crabs are often brightly coloured and are highly poisonous, containing toxins which are not destroyed by cooking and for which no antidote is known. The toxins are similar to the tetrodotoxin and saxitoxin produced by puffer fish, and may be produced by bacteria in the genus Vibrio living in symbiosis with the crabs, mostly V. alginolyticus and V. parahaemolyticus.
Majidae is a family of crabs, comprising around 200 marine species inside 52 genera, with a carapace that is longer than it is broad, and which forms a point at the front. The legs can be very long in some species, leading to the name "spider crab". The exoskeleton is covered with bristles to which the crab attaches algae and other items to act as camouflage.
Palicus is a genus of stilt crabs in the family Palicidae.
Heterozius rotundifrons, or big hand crab, is a species of crab of the family Belliidae, endemic to New Zealand. The carapace width is up to 25 millimetres (1 in).
Potamonautes is a genus of African freshwater crabs in the family Potamonautidae. It is both the most widespread and most diverse genus of African freshwater crabs, including more than half the species of this continent. They are found in most freshwater habitats of the African mainland and some species are semi-terrestrial.
Pilumnoidea is a superfamily of crabs, whose members were previously included in the Xanthoidea. The three families are unified by the free articulation of all the segments of the male crab's abdomen and by the form of the gonopods. The earliest fossils assigned to this group are of Eocene age.
Actumnus is a genus of crabs in the family Pilumnidae. Alongside the 28 extant species, it has a fossil record extending back into the Miocene.
Etisus is a genus of crabs, containing the following extant species:
Macropodia is a genus of crabs, belonging to the family Inachidae. It contains the following species:
Panopeus is a genus of crabs, containing these extant species:
Medaeus is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following species:
Liomera is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following species:
Edwardsium is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following species:
Leptodius is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following species:
Micropanope is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing one exclusively fossil species and the following species:
Xanthias is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing two exclusively fossil species and the following extant species:
The Panopeidae are a family containing 26 genera of morphologically similar crabs, often known as "mud crabs". Their centers of diversity are the Atlantic Ocean and eastern Pacific Ocean.
Inachoididae is a family of crabs originally erected by James Dwight Dana in 1852. It was not recognised as a valid family until the early 1980s. Its members closely resemble those of the family Inachidae, and the Inachoididae could be recognised as a subfamily of that family.
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Hazlett, B. A., & Mclay, C. L. (2005). Anti-predator responses of the intertidal crab Heterozius rotundifrons (Brachyura: Belliidae) in air and water. Marine & Freshwater Behaviour & Physiology, 38(2), 95–103. doi:10.1080/10236240500078339.
