Sagarmāthā Zone was one of the fourteen zones of Nepal until the restructuring of zones into provinces. The headquarters of Sagarmatha is Rajbiraj. Sagarmāthā is a Nepali word which as per some sources, is derived from सगर and माथा.
Rajbiraj is a mid-sized municipality located in the south-eastern part of Madhesh Province of Nepal. The city is also called the "Pink City of Nepal" because the township was designed in 1938 based on influence from the "Indian Pink City" Jaipur - thus making it the first township in Nepal to receive urban planning. Rajbiraj is the district headquarters of Saptari which is transferred from old district headquarter Hanumannagar in 1944 and is the eighth largest city in the province. It was declared a municipality in 1959. According to the 2021 census, the city had a population of 70,803 making it the 77rh largest municipality in Nepal. The city area is spread over 55.64 km2 (21.48 sq mi) and comprises 16 wards.
Rautahat District, a part of Madhesh Province, is one of the seventy-seven districts of Nepal. The district headquarter is Gaur, including municipalities like Katahariya, Garuda, Chandrapur, Paroha, covers an area of 1,126 km2 and had a population of 545,132 in 2001 and 686,722 in 2011. This district has a total of 2 VDCs and 16 municipalities. Among other districts, Rautahat has the largest percent of Muslims in Nepal, about 19.7%. The most Muslim densely village Bairiya बैरिया but Majority of people in the District follow Hinduism. Sri Ram Sugar Mill is the only sugar mill located in Garuda municipality. The well known shiva temple located in Shivnagar, which is looked after by Sah and Jha family. The historical temple of Goddess Durga is in Matsari.Every year, the temple welcomes millions of devotees from different parts of Nepal and India as well on the occasion of Navaratri. Late Shri Gulab Narayan Jha, the first person to represent Madhesis in politics, was permanent resident of this village. There is a place called Najarpur in Chandrapur where whole village is vegetarian. They are not even allowed to buy or sell any alcoholic beverages and buying and selling of tobacco products is also prohibited.
Saptari, is Located in the easternmost part of Madhesh Province, is one of the seventy-seven districts of Nepal. Its district headquarter is Rajbiraj. Saptari is an Outer Terai district. This district covers an area of 1,363 km2 (526 sq mi) and has a population (2022) of 706,255 which makes it the 14th most populated district of Nepal. Saptari is renowned for its agricultural output, and is bordered on the east by the massive Sapta Koshi river, on the west by the Balan River separating Siraha district, on the north by Udayapur and on the south by Supaul and Madhubani districts of Bharat Vihar.
Siraha District, a district in Madhesh Province, is one of the seventy-seven districts of Nepal. It is situated in the Terai belt of Nepal. The district, with Siraha as its district headquarters, covers an area of 1,188 km2 (459 sq mi). It has population of 637,328 according to census of 2011.The District is bordered with Saptari district in the east, Udayapur districting the north, Bihar state of India in the south and Dhanusa district in the west. Majority of the population here is yadav, Kushwaha(mahato),Tharus, Sahs(sahukar), Muslims and ethnic minorities with majority population speaking English, Maithili language and Nēpālī language.
Gaighat is an administrative centre within Triyuga Municipality and the headquarter of Udayapur District located in Province No. 1 of Nepal. Gaighat is divided into 2 wards called Gaighat Bazar and Old Gaighat. The Gaighat is located in Ward No. 11 and Old Gaighat is in Ward No. 12 of Triyuga Municipality. Total area of two wards is 16.11 square kilometres (6.22 sq mi) and total population is 14,243 with 2832 households.
Mahendranagar, officially known as Bhimdattanagar, is a municipality in Kanchanpur District of Sudurpashchim Province, Nepal. The city and the municipality were named Mahendranagar in honour of the late King Mahendra of Nepal. After becoming a republic in 2008, the Mahendranagar municipality name was changed to Bhimdatta municipality in honour of the revolutionary farmer leader Bhimdatta Panta. It is surrounded by Bedkot Municipality in the east, Dadeldhura District in the north, Shuklaphanta National Park in the south and Uttarakhand, India in the west.
Kamalamai is a municipality in Sindhuli District, in the Bagmati Province of central south Nepal. At the time of the 2011 Nepal census it had a population of 39,413 people in 9,304 households. The city is located in the Sindhuli Valley of central south Nepal. The historic symbol of the valley, Sindhuli Gadhi fort, is at the peak of a hill of the Mahabharata range. The city is in the plain valley made by the Kamla River. Kamalamai Municipality is the largest municipality of Nepal according to area.
Triyuga is one of the eight municipalities of Udayapur district of the Koshi Pradesh of Nepal. Gaighat is the headquarter of the municipality. According to the 2021 Nepal census the total population of the municipality is 103,475. It is divided into 16 wards. Triyuga Municipality was established on B.S. Chaitra 13, 2053. It was named after Triyuga River. A river which flows through the town. Triyuga is the 3rd largest municipality in Nepal and 1st largest in Koshi Pradesh in term of size (area). The total area of the municipality is 547.43 square kilometres (211.36 sq mi)
Mechinagar is a municipality in Jhapa District, Koshi Province, Nepal and is the main entry point from India on Nepal's eastern border. Nepal's customs office is in Kakarvitta, a section of the municipality. The city lies 475 km southeast of the capital Kathmandu and 115 km east of Biratnagar, the capital of Province No. 1.
Siraha is the headquarters and municipality of Siraha District, a part of Madhesh Province, Nepal. Siraha had a population of 28,442 according to the census of 2011. and a population of 82,531 as of 2015. The current population of Siraha municipality as of census 2022, is 96,543. It has a male population of 47,306 and female population of 49,237. The present mayor of Siraha Municipality is Dr. Nabin Kumar Yadav and Deputy Mayor is Babita Kumari Sah. Both assumed office on 25 May 2022. His predecessor mayor was Asheswor Yadav and the deputy mayor was Dr. Namita Yadav. Both assumed office on 25 September 2017 and their last working day was on 24 May 2022. The town is at 80 metres (260 ft) altitude, 29 kilometres (18 mi) ESE of Janakpur.
Lahan (लहान) is a city and municipality in the Siraha district of Madhesh, Nepal. Lahan is the 36th densest municipality in the country, with a population of 102,031 spread out across 24 wards, the most wards of any Nepalese municipality. It is connected by the Mahendra Highway, which is also called the east-west highway. It is located nearly 261 km east of the capital, Kathmandu via B.P. highway and E-W Highway and 424 km east via Narayanghat-Mugling Highway. Lahan is located at the latitude of 26.717 and longitude of 86.483. It is at an elevation of 111 meters above sea level. It follows the Nepali time zone, UTC Offset: +05:45 hours.
Mirchaiya formerly known as Ramnagar Mirchaiya is a municipality in Siraha District in the Madhesh Province of south-eastern Nepal. The municipality was established on 18 May 2014 by merging the existing Rampur Birta, Malhaniyakhori, Radhopur, Ramnagar Mirchaiya, Phulbariya, Sitapur PraDa and Maheshpur Gamharia Village Development Committees. At the time of the 2017 municipality records, it had a population of approx. 52,000 people living in approx 8,496 individual households. This is one of the main business markets for Katari and the southern part of the Siraha district. Raw material produced here includes padday, miazem, and sugar cane.
Beldandi is a rural municipality in Kanchanpur District in Sudurpashchim Province of southwestern Nepal named after the former Village Development Committee. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census the VDC had a population of 9301 people living in 1483 individual households. According to the Nepal census 2011 the municipality had 3022 individual households and a population of 21,959. In the north and west, Beldandi is surrounded by Suklaphatha national park. To the east lies Belauri Municipality. On the south, it borders India.
Laukaha is a very old border town and a Community development block in the district of Madhubani in the Indian state of Bihar. It is close to the border with Nepal and the Nepalese town of Thadi. The population of Laukaha is between 11, 000 and 15, 000.
Bhimnagar is a village in Basantpur tehsil of Supaul district in the Indian state of Bihar, south of the Koshi Barrage, near the India-Nepal border. The village has more than 20 hours power supply through Kattaiah power house. Bhimnagar is advanced in education with an 73% literacy rate. It has a Primary Hospital which is now used as Sadar Aspatal. It has been a known place for sports like cricket, Football, Badminton and many other sports. Bhimnagar was greatly impacted by the 2008 Bihar flood of the Kosi River.
Kathauna Bazar is a city in Shambhunath Municipality Ward No. 6, in the Saptari district of Nepal. It is 20 km east of Lahan Municipality, and is the central city of Shambhunath Municipality. Shambhunath municipality's head office is located at Kathauna Bazar. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 5167 people, living in 933 individual households.
Rajbiraj Airport is a domestic airport located in Rajbiraj serving Saptari District, a district in Madhesh Province in Nepal.
The India–Nepal border is an open international boundary running between the republics of India and Nepal. The 1,751 km (1,088.02 mi) long border includes the Himalayan territories as well as Indo-Gangetic Plain of the subcontinent. The current border was delimited after the Sugauli treaty of 1816 between Nepal and the British Raj. Following Indian independence, the prevailing border was recognised as the international border between the Kingdom of Nepal and the Dominion of India.
Thadi or Thadi Viswaspatti is a very old border town and a market place of Nepal in Siraha District bordering Indian town of Laukaha. It is currently part of Bhagwanpur Rural municipality. It is located nearly 370 kilometers or 107 miles east of the capital, Kathmandu. Thadi was part of Tirhut Rulers of Simraungarh. The region was under rule of Karnad Dynasty formed by Nanyadeva Thadi is one of the few towns which is a part of agreed route for Mutual Trade between India and Nepal. Nepal Government has set up a dedicated customs office in the town.
Nepal 
