British Rail Class 205 (3H) | |
---|---|
In service | September 1957 – December 2004 |
Manufacturer | BR Eastleigh |
Number built | 34 trainsets |
Formation | 2/3 cars per trainset |
Capacity | 114 2nd class, 13 1st class [1] |
Operators | |
Specifications | |
Car length |
|
Width | 2.8 m (9 ft 2.24 in) |
Maximum speed | 75 mph (121 km/h) |
Weight |
|
Prime mover(s) | English Electric 4SRKT Mark II (4-cylinder diesel) |
Power output | 600 shp (450 kW) at 850 rpm |
Coupling system | Drophead buckeye [2] |
Track gauge | 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) standard gauge |
The British Rail Class 205 (3H) diesel-electric multiple units were built by BR at Eastleigh from 1957 to 1962, and in service for 47 years from BR Southern Region to Connex South Central and finally to the Southern franchise. They were eventually replaced by Class 171 Turbostar units.
This class of unit was built in four different batches for use on different lines.
The Southern Region class 201 to 207 DEMUs are nicknamed 'Thumpers' owing to the noise they made while in motion. [3] [4]
The first batch of units, numbered 1101–1118, was built in 1957 as two-car units and classified as 2H. They were built for services in Hampshire on the non-electrified routes between Portsmouth Harbour, Salisbury and Andover and between Alton, Winchester and Southampton Terminus. The first units entered service in September 1957. However, owing to increasing passenger numbers, all eighteen units were strengthened to three cars in 1958 and 1969, with the addition of a centre trailer, and therefore were reclassified as 3H units. Upon the introduction of TOPS they were reclassified as Class 205. Some of these were later converted back to 2 car sets, but they retained their Class 205 designation. [5]
The second batch of 2H units, numbered 1119–1122, was built as 2-car units in 1958. These units were built for services on the Marshlink Line from Hastings to Ashford, and associated branch lines. These units remained as two-car sets until 1979, and were reclassified as Class 204 upon the introduction of TOPS. In May 1979, following the disbandment of the four Class 206 units, they were strengthened to three cars and redesignated as Class 205s. [5]
The third batch of units was built as three-car sets in 1959, and numbered 1123–1126. These units were built to supplement the first batch on services in Hampshire. Collectively, the first and third batches are often called Hampshire sets. The final batch of units, numbered 1127–1133, was built in 1962 as three car sets. These units have some detail differences from the earlier batches, such as a different internal layout, and smaller route indicators. They were built for services from Reading to Salisbury, and other services in Berkshire. The final batch of units is sometimes referred to as Berkshire sets. [5]
Power car (one per set)
Number 1129 was experimentally fitted with a Dorman 12QTCW V-12 diesel engine of 725 shp (541 kW)
The first examples of the class entered service in September 1957 after a month of testing. They were initially used on services linking Portsmouth and Southampton to Salisbury, as well as those between Southampton and Portsmouth Harbour and from Southampton to Alton/Andover. Journey times were around two-thirds of those required by the steam locomotives which the units replaced. The new services proved so popular that the class was temporarily taken off the route to Alton and Andover to provide extra capacity on the other lines prior to the fitting of a third carriage to the first 18 units. [5]
The delivery of the second batch of four units saw the class introduced to the Marshlink Line between Ashford and Hastings. These units also ran on the Bexhill West Branch Line and the short line to New Romney and Littlestone-on-Sea, and a Sunday-only service on the Fawley Branch Line. All of these routes except for the Marshlink Line had been closed by 1967, by which time the route between Reading and Salisbury was also operated by the class. The units also operated on the Wareham to Swanage route from 1966 until its closure in 1972. Other routes served included the Steyning Line between Brighton and Horsham, which closed in 1967; the Cuckoo Line, which closed in 1968; the Lymington Branch Line, which was served by the units for two months in 1967 prior to its electrification; and some journeys on the Oxted Line, which was also served by the newer Class 207 units. In 1973 some services from Portsmouth to Bristol Temple Meads and Weston-super-Mare were converted to Class 205 operation. [5]
Soon after introduction, an orange "V" shape was painted on the motor-coach in order to provide an early visual indication to station staff that there was no brake van at the other end of the unit. With the introduction of yellow warning panels the orange V was replaced by an inverted black triangle; this being extended at this time to all Southern Region two- and three-car multiple units.
The electrification of the line to East Grinstead in 1987 saw the majority of the class withdrawn. Those which survived largely operated on services from Ashford to Hastings and from London to Uckfield. The privatisation of British Rail in 1995/6 saw the surviving Class 205s, most of which now carried Network SouthEast livery, pass to the new Connex South Central franchise. [5]
In 1966, unit number 1102 was used in the film "The Great St. Trinian's Train Robbery".
When Govia won the South Central franchise in 2001, a franchise commitment was to replace all Mark 1 rolling stock by 2005, as it did not meet modern health and safety requirements. Southern ordered Turbostar trains of Class 171 and Class 170 (later converted to Class 171) from 2003 onwards to replace the Class 205s. The final units, numbers 205001/009/033 were withdrawn in mid-December 2004.
Key: | In service | Withdrawn | Preserved | Rebuilt | Reformed | Departmental Use | Scrapped |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Unrefurbished Class 205/0 [8]
Unit No. | Batch | Year Built | Final Livery | DMBSO | TSO | DTCsoL | Withdrawn | Status | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
New | Old | ||||||||
205001 | 1101 | Batch 1 | 1957 | BR Blue | 60154 | - | 60800 | 12/2004 | Preserved, at The East Kent Railway |
205002 | 1102 | Batch 1 | 1957 | NSE | 60155 | 60651 | 60801 | 1991 | Scrapped |
- | 1103 | Batch 1 | 1957 | Blue/Grey | 60102 | 60652 | 60802 | 1979 | Converted to Class 204 no. 1403 |
- | 1104 | Batch 1 | 1957 | Blue/Grey | 60103 | 60653 | 60803 | 1979 | Converted to Class 204 no. 1404 |
205005 | 1105 | Batch 1 | 1957 | Blue/Grey | 60104 | 60654 | 60804 | 08/1987 | Scrapped |
205006 | 1106 | Batch 1 | 1957 | Blue/Grey | 60105 | 60655 | 60805 | 09/1987 | Scrapped |
205007 | 1107 | Batch 1 | 1957 | Blue/Grey | 60106 | 60656 | 60806 | 09/1987 | Scrapped |
- | 1108 | Batch 1 | 1957 | Blue/Grey | 60107 | 60657 | 60807 | 1979 | Converted to Class 204 no. 1401 |
205009 | 1109 | Batch 1 | 1957 | Chocolate & Cream | 60108 | 60658 | 60808 | 12/2004 | Preserved at the Eden Valley Railway |
205010 | 1110 | Batch 1 | 1957 | Blue/Grey | 60198 | 60659 | 60809 | 09/1987 | Scrapped |
- | 1111 | Batch 1 | 1957 | Blue/Grey | 60110 | 60660 | 60810 | 1980 | Rebuilt to become 205101 |
205012 | 1112 | Batch 1 | 1957 | Connex | 60111 | 60661 | 60811 | 02/2004 | Scrapped 2005 |
- | 1113 | Batch 1 | 1957 | Blue/Grey | 60112 | 60662 | 60812 | 04/1986 | Scrapped |
205014 | 1114 | Batch 1 | 1957 | Blue/Grey | 60113 | 60663 | 60813 | 10/1989 | Scrapped |
205015 | 1115 | Batch 1 | 1957 | NSE | 60114 | 60664 | 60814 | 10/1993 | Scrapped |
205016 | 1116 | Batch 1 | 1957 | NSE | 60115 | 60665 | 60815 | 08/1994 | Scrapped |
205017 | 1117 | Batch 1 | 1957 | Blue/Grey | 60116 | 60666 | 60816 | 09/1987 | Scrapped |
205018 | 1118 | Batch 1 | 1957 | BR Blue | 60117 | - | 60828 | 08/2004 | Preserved at Lavender Line. |
205019 | 1119 | Batch 2 | 1958 | Blue/Grey | 60118 | 60653 | 60818 | 08/1987 | Scrapped |
205020 | 1120 | Batch 2 | 1958 | Blue/Grey | 60119 | 60652 | 60819 | 09/1987 | Scrapped |
205008 | 1121 | Batch 2 | 1958 | NSE | 60120 | 60657 | 60820 | 10/1993 | Preserved at Lavender Line |
- | 1122 | Batch 2 | 1958 | Blue/Grey | 60121 | - | 60821 | See Class 204 (never officially classified as a 205) | |
205023 | 1123 | Batch 3 | 1959 | BR Green | 60122 | 60669 | 60822 | 01/1999 | Preserved, unit split up. 60822 under restoration. [9] |
205024 | 1124 | Batch 3 | 1959 | NSE | 60123 | 60668 | 60823 | 07/2000 | Scrapped. |
205025 | 1125 | Batch 3 | 1959 | BR Green | 60124 | - | 60824 | 05/2004 | Preserved at Mid-Hants Railway. |
205026 | 1126 | Batch 3 | 1959 | Blue/Grey | 60125 | 60671 | 60825 | 11/1990 | Scrapped |
205027 | 1127 | Batch 4 | 1962 | - | 60145 | - | - | 08/1994 | Sandite unit 930301. 60145 at St Leonards. |
205028 | 1128 | Batch 4 | 1962 | Faded Connex | 60146 | 60673 | 60827 | 11/2004 | Formerly preserved at Dartmoor Railway, sold to the Caledonian Railway in 2021. [10] |
205029 | 1129 | Batch 4 | 1962 | BR Green | 60147 | 60667 | 60817 | 1994 | Scrapped after Cowden rail crash |
205030 | 1130 | Batch 4 | 1962 | NSE | 60148 | 60675 | 60829 | 11/1992 | Scrapped |
205031 | 1131 | Batch 4 | 1962 | Blue/Grey | 60149 | - | - | 07/1993 | Sandite unit 930301. 60149 at St Leonards. |
205032 | 1132 | Batch 4 | 1962 | BR Green | 60150 | 60677 | 60831 | 10/2004 | Formerly preserved at Dartmoor Railway, sold to the Caledonian Railway in 2021. [10] Operational |
205033 | 1133 | Batch 4 | 1962 | BR Green | 60151 | - | 60832 | 12/2004 | Preserved, at The Lavender Line |
Refurbished Class 205/1
Unit No. | Batch | Year Converted | Final Livery | DMBSO | TSO | DTSOL | Withdrawn | Status | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
205101 | 1111 | Batch 1 | 1980 | NSE | 60110 | 60660 | 60810 | 1995 | Converted to 205205 |
Refurbished Class 205/2
Unit No. | Batch | Year Converted | Final Livery | DMBSO | TSOL | DTSOL | Withdrawn | Status | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
205205 | 205101 | Batch 1 | 1995 | NSE (Connex before preservation) | 60110 | - | 60810 | 07/2004 | Preserved at Epping Ongar Railway |
Departmental Units
Unit No. | Batch | Year Converted | Final Livery | DMB | T | DMB | Withdrawn | Status | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
930301 | 951069 | Batch 4 (*Batch 1) | 1993 | Railtrack Brown | 977939 (60145) | 977870 (60660*) | 977940 (60149) | - | Withdrawn from St Leonards TMD |
Due to a generous disposal policy by Porterbrook Leasing, nearly all of the final units in service were preserved. The only unit not preserved was no. 205012, which had poor bodywork and donated its engine to the only surviving unrefurbished Class 207 unit.
An OO gauge kit is available from DC Kits. Dapol announced (May 2008) that a limited edition OO RTR model (to be followed by an N gauge version) of the Class 205 would be produced in collaboration with Kernow Model Rail Centre. [17] Manufacture was switched to Bachmann in March 2010 [18] and the model was released in February 2013. [19] The model was produced in BR green and Connex white/yellow liveries. [20]
A diesel multiple unit or DMU is a multiple-unit train powered by on-board diesel engines. A DMU requires no separate locomotive, as the engines are incorporated into one or more of the carriages. Diesel-powered single-unit railcars are also generally classed as DMUs. Diesel-powered units may be further classified by their transmission type: diesel–mechanical DMMU, diesel–hydraulic DHMU, or diesel–electric DEMU.
The British Rail Class 08 is a class of diesel–electric shunting locomotives built by British Railways (BR). As the standard BR general-purpose diesel shunter, the class became a familiar sight at major stations and freight yards. Since their introduction in 1952, however, the nature of rail traffic in Britain has changed considerably. Freight trains are now mostly fixed rakes of wagons, and passenger trains are mostly multiple units or have driving van trailers, neither requiring the attention of a shunting locomotive. Consequently, a large proportion of the class has been withdrawn from mainline use and stored, scrapped, exported or sold to industrial or heritage railways.
The East Kent Railway (EKR) is a heritage railway in Kent, England. It is located at Shepherdswell station on the London and Chatham to Dover mainline. The line was constructed between 1911 and 1917 to serve the Kent Coalfields. See East Kent Light Railway for details of the original lines. The Kent Collieries were mostly a failure with only Tilmanstone on the line producing any viable commercial coal and commercial traffic over the line. The line is operated by heritage diesel locomotives. It is home to a collection of heritage diesel locomotives including a British Rail Class 08, DEMU and electric multiple units including an in service British Rail Class 404 built in the 1930s and a more modern British Rail Class 365, which is to be used as a restaurant and a major events venue.
The British Rail Class 207 (3D) diesel-electric multiple units were built by BR at Eastleigh in 1962. The fleet had a lifespan of 42 years. The Southern Region class 201 to 207 DEMUs are nicknamed 'Thumpers' due to the distinctive sound of their engines.
The British Rail TC multiple units were unpowered fixed formations of 3 or 4 carriages with a driving position at each end of the set, converted by BR's Holgate Road carriage works from locomotive-hauled Mark 1 carriages in 1966–1967 and 1974. The units built on experience gained from the prototype 6TC unit. In time the 3 car units were reformed into four car units to match the rest of the fleet and later classified as Class 442. This was later changed to Class 491, under which they spent the majority of their working lives. Shortly before withdrawal they were reclassified Class 438 and the units were renumbered to 8001-8034.
The Mark 2 family of railway carriages are British Rail's second design of carriages. They were built by British Rail workshops between 1964 and 1975 and were of steel construction.
The British Rail Class 204 designation has been used twice for two similar types of diesel-electric multiple units.
The Marshlink line is a railway line in South East England. It runs from Ashford, Kent via Romney Marsh, Rye and the Ore Tunnel to Hastings where it connects to the East Coastway line towards Eastbourne and Brighton.
The British Rail Class 171 Turbostar is a type of diesel multiple unit (DMU) passenger train built by Bombardier Transportation at Derby Litchurch Lane Works in England. It is identical to the Class 170, except for the replacement of the BSI coupler with a Dellner coupler. This provision was made to allow emergency joining with Class 377 DC third-rail electric units, which Southern runs extensively on most lines. The units work on the southern regions of the British railway system, operating services from London Bridge to Uckfield and from Eastbourne to Ashford International, these routes being unelectrified between Hurst Green Junction and Uckfield and between Ore and Ashford International, respectively.
The British Rail Class 201 six-car diesel-electric multiple units (DEMUs) were built in 1957–1958 at Eastleigh and underframes were built at Ashford.
The British Rail Class 33, also known as the BRCW Type 3 or Crompton, is a class of Bo-Bo diesel-electric locomotives, ordered in 1957 and built for the Southern Region of British Railways between 1960 and 1962.
The Southern Region was a region of British Railways from 1948 until 1992 when railways were re-privatised. The region ceased to be an operating unit in its own right in the 1980s. The region covered south London, southern England and the south coast, including the busy commuter belt areas of Kent, Sussex and Surrey. The region was largely based upon the former Southern Railway area.
The British RailClass 414 were two-car electric multiple units that were built between 1956 and 1963. They were withdrawn in 1995.
The British Rail Class 203, initially classified 6B, was a type of diesel-electric train. Seven units, numbered 1031-1037, were constructed in 1958 for use on the Southern Region. They were similar to the earlier Class 202 units, differing only in the substitution of a trailer buffet car for one of the three trailer second opens.
The British Rail Class 206 or 3R was a type of Diesel-electric multiple unit (DEMU), introduced in 1964. They were not 'built' as such but rather re-formed from Class 201 and EPB vehicles for use on Reading-Redhill-Tonbridge services. Six three-car sets were created, numbered 1201-1206.
Preserved EMUs of Southern Railway. This is a list of preserved Southern Railway (UK) designated electric multiple units (EMUs).
Network SouthEast (NSE), the sector of British Rail which ran passenger services in London and southeast England between 1986 and 1994, operated a wide variety of rolling stock during its existence. The majority of the network was electrified, and further electrification schemes took place during the 1986–1994 period; and the 7,000 vehicles owned by NSE in 1986 consisted of a mixture of electric, diesel-electric and diesel multiple units, diesel locomotives and the coaches they hauled.
Class 201, Class 202 and Class 203 were the TOPS codes for a series of diesel-electric multiple units built for the Southern Region of British Railways in 1957–86. They were classified by the Southern Region as 6S, 6L and 6B respectively, and known collectively as the Hastings Diesels or Hastings Units. They were built for service on the Hastings Line, which had a restricted loading gauge due to deficiencies in the construction of the tunnels when the line was built between 1845 and 1852. The Hastings Units served from 1957 to 1988, being withdrawn when the Hastings Line was electrified with single-track sections through some of the tunnels.
An electro-diesel multiple unit (EDMU) or bi-mode multiple unit (BMU) is a form of a multiple unit train that can be powered either by electric power picked up from the overhead lines or third rail or by using an onboard diesel engine, driving an electric generator, which produces alternating current (AC) or direct current (DC) electric power.
The Vivarail D-Train is a family of multiple units remanufactured by Vivarail for the British rail network. They are converted from London Underground D78 Stock, originally manufactured between 1978 and 1981 by Metro-Cammell. Two versions have been produced: the Class 230 diesel electric multiple unit and the Class 484 electric multiple unit.