This article needs additional citations for verification .(January 2025) |
This article lists every electric-powered multiple unit allocated a TOPS classification or used on the mainline network since 1948, i.e. British Railways and post-privatisation. For a historical overview of electric multiple unit development in Great Britain, see British electric multiple units.
British Rail operated a wide variety of electric multiple units for use on electrified lines:
TOPS class | Pre-TOPS class | Name or Information | Built | Quantity (sets) | Notes | Image | Withdrawn | Scrapped |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ex-Ex-MR units | Lancaster-Morecambe-Heysham | 1908 | 3 (4-car) | 1953 | All | |||
Class 300 | Proposed parcels units | Planned parcels conversation from Class 307 | Never built | Never built | ||||
AM1 | 25 kV AC prototype units | 1952 | 4 | 1966 | All | |||
Class 302 | AM2 | London-Tilbury-Southend | 1958–1960 | 112 | 1999 | About 110 | ||
Class 303 | AM3 | Strathclyde. Also on Greater Manchester area services during 1980s/early 1990s. | 1959–1961 | 91 | 75613 from unit 303013 is still in use with the British Transport Police. | 1974–2002 | 90 | |
Class 304 | AM4 | Greater Manchester, Liverpool, Birmingham 1959 EMU | 1960 | 45 | 1992–1996 | All | ||
Class 305 | AM5 | Chingford, Enfield 1959 EMU | 1959 | 71 | 1992–2002 | |||
Class 306 | AM6 | Shenfield (inner-suburban) | 1949 | 92 | Ordered by LNER in 1938, but construction was delayed due to World War II. | 1981 | 91 | |
Class 307 | AM7 | Southend (outer-suburban) | 1954–1956 | 32 | 1990–1993 2000 (parcel units) | 31 | ||
Class 308 | AM8 | Eastern Region lines 1959 EMU | 1959 | 45 | 1983 1992 2001 | All | ||
Class 309 | AM9 | Clacton Express. | 1962–1963 | 76 | 1994–2000 2004 (departmental use) [1] | About 74 | ||
Class 310 | AM10 | Euston outer-suburban. Also West Midlands | 1965–1967 | 50 | 1967 (1) 1989 (1) 2001–2002 2005 (departmental use) | All | ||
Class 311 | AM11 | Strathclyde | 1966–1967 | 19 | 1990 1999 (departmental use) | 18 | ||
Class 312 | Great Eastern suburban Great Northern suburban West Midlands (four units) | 1975–1978 | 49 | 2003–2004 | 49 |
TOPS class | Built for | Current Operator(s) | Builder | Number built | Image | Withdrawn | Scrapped |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Class 313 [a] | BR Eastern Region (Great Northern suburban) | BREL York 1976-1977 | 64 x 3-car sets | 2019 (GN) 2023 (Southern) | 62 | ||
Class 314 | BR Scottish Region (Argyle Line) | BREL York 1979 | 16 x 3-car sets | 2018–2019 | 15 | ||
Class 315 | BR Eastern Region (Great Eastern suburban) | BREL York 1980-1981 | 61 x 4-car sets | 2018–2022 | 53 | ||
Class 316 (I) | proposed units for Picc-Vic services | - | (never built) | - | Never built | Never built | |
Class 316 (II) | (AC Networker prototype) | (never used in passenger service, now out of service) | converted from class 210 and 313 cars | 1 x 4-car set | Out of service | 1 | |
Class 316 (III) | (test unit) | (never used in passenger service, scrapped 2006) | converted from class 307 | 1 x 3-car set | 2006 | ||
Class 317 | Class 317/1 London Midland Region Class 317/2 Network SouthEast (Bedpan and Great Northern lines) | BREL York 1981-1982 (317/1) 1985-1987 (317/2) | 72 x 4-car sets | 2020–2022 | 65 | ||
Class 318 | Provincial ScotRail (for Strathclyde PTE) | ScotRail | BREL York 1985-1986 | 21 x 3-car sets | still in use | None | |
Class 319 [a] | Network SouthEast (Thameslink services) | Rail Operations Group | BREL York 1987-1988 (319/0) 1990 (319/1) | 86 x 4-car sets | still in use | 33 | |
Class 320 | Provincial ScotRail (for Strathclyde PTE) | ScotRail | BREL York 1990 | 22 x 3-car sets | still in use | None | |
Class 321 | Network SouthEast (Great Eastern and Euston services) Regional Railways (for West Yorkshire PTE) | Varamis Rail | BREL York 1988-1991 | 117 x 4-car sets | 2021–2023 | 12 TSOs 64 units | |
Class 322 | Network SouthEast (Stansted Express service) | BREL York 1990 | 5 x 4-car sets | 2022 | All | ||
Class 325 [a] | Rail Express Systems (for Royal Mail) | ABB Derby 1995-1996 | 16 x 4-car units | 1995-2024 | 9 [2] |
These use solid state switching devices (thyristors and transistors) and have electronic power control.
TOPS class | Built for | Current Operator(s) | Builder | Number Built | Image | Withdrawn | Scrapped |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Class 323 | Regional Railways (for West Midlands PTE and Greater Manchester PTE) | Northern Trains | Hunslet Transportation Projects/Holec [3] [4] [5] 1992-1995 | 43 x 3-car sets | still in use | None | |
Class 331 (I) | proposed units for London, Tilbury and Southend Original classification of Class 332 | (never built) | Never built | Never built | |||
Class 331 (II) Civity | Arriva Rail North | Northern Trains | CAF 2017-2020 | 31 x 3-car units 12 x 4-car units | still in use | None | |
Class 332 | Heathrow Express | Siemens Transportation Systems/CAF 1997-1998, 2002 | 9 x 4-car sets 5 x 5-car sets | 2020 | 58 cars | ||
Class 333 | Arriva Trains Northern (for West Yorkshire PTE) | Northern Trains | Siemens Transportation Systems/CAF 2000-2003 | 16 x 4-car sets | still in use | None | |
Class 334 Juniper | ScotRail (for Strathclyde PTE) | ScotRail | Alstom Birmingham 1999-2002 | 40 x 3-car sets | |||
Class 341 Networker | proposed units for Crossrail | (never built) | Never built | Never built | |||
Class 342 Networker | proposed units for Channel Tunnel Rail Link Domestic Services | Never built | |||||
Class 345 Aventra | Elizabeth line | Elizabeth line | Bombardier Derby 2015-2019 | 70 x 9-car sets | still in use | None | |
Class 350 (I) | Original classification of Class 325 | ||||||
Class 350 (II) [a] Desiro | Silverlink Central Trains | West Midlands Trains | Siemens Transportation Systems 2004-2005 2008-2009 2013-2014 | 87 x 4-car sets | still in use | None | |
Class 357 Electrostar | LTS Rail | c2c | Adtranz/Bombardier Derby 1999-2002 | 74 x 4-car sets | |||
Class 360 Desiro | First Great Eastern Heathrow Connect | East Midlands Railway | Siemens Transportation Systems 2002-2003 2004-2005 | 21 x 4-car sets 5 x 5-car sets | 2 | ||
Class 365 [a] Networker | Network SouthEast (Great Northern and South Eastern services) | ABB York 1994-1995 | 41 x 4-car sets | 2021 | 161 cars | ||
Class 371 [a] Networker | proposed units for Thameslink 2000 | - | (never built) | - | Never built | Never built | |
Class 375 [a] Electrostar | Connex South Eastern South Eastern Trains | Southeastern | Adtranz/Bombardier Derby 1999-2005 | 10 x 3-car sets 102 x 4-car sets | still in use | None | |
Class 376 [a] Electrostar | South Eastern Trains | Southeastern | Bombardier Derby 2004-2005 | 36 x 5-car sets | |||
Class 377 [a] Electrostar | Southern | Southeastern Southern | Bombardier Derby 2001-2005 2008-2009 2013-2014 | 28 x 3-car sets 177 x 4-car sets 34 x 5-car sets | |||
Class 378 [a] Capitalstar | London Overground | London Overground | Bombardier Derby 2008-2011 | 57 x 5-car sets | |||
Class 379 Electrostar | National Express East Anglia | None | Bombardier Derby 2010-2011 | 30 x 4-car sets | 2022 | ||
Class 380 Desiro | First ScotRail | ScotRail | Siemens Mobility 2009-2011 | 22 x 3-car sets 16 x 4-car sets | still in use | ||
Class 381 [a] Networker | proposed Network SouthEast express units | - | (never built) | - | Never built | Never built | |
Class 385 AT200 | Abellio ScotRail | ScotRail | Hitachi Kudamatsu & Hitachi Newton Aycliffe 2015-2019 | 46 x 3-car sets 24 x 4-car sets | still in use | None | |
Class 387 [a] Electrostar | Thameslink Great Western Railway c2c | Gatwick Express Great Northern Great Western Railway Heathrow Express | Bombardier Derby 2014-2017 | 107 x 4-car sets | |||
Class 700 [a] Desiro City | Thameslink | Thameslink Great Northern | Siemens Mobility 2014-2018 | 60 x 8-car sets 55 x 12-car sets | |||
Class 701 [a] Aventra | South Western Railway | South Western Railway | Bombardier/Alstom Derby 2019- | 30 x 5-car sets 60 x 10-car sets | |||
Class 705 | Original classification of Class 701 [6] | ||||||
Class 707 [a] Desiro City | South West Trains | Southeastern | Siemens Mobility 2015-2018 | 30 x 5-car sets | still in use | None | |
Class 710 [a] Aventra | London Overground | London Overground | Bombardier Derby 2017-2020 | 48 x 4-car sets 6 x 5-car sets | |||
Class 711 | Original classification of Class 701 [6] | ||||||
Class 717 [a] Desiro City | Great Northern | Great Northern | Siemens Mobility 2018-2019 | 25 x 6-car sets | still in use | None | |
Class 720 Aventra | Greater Anglia c2c | Greater Anglia c2c | Bombardier/Alstom Derby 2018-2020 | 145 x 5-car sets | |||
Class 730 Aventra | West Midlands Trains | West Midlands Trains | Bombardier/Alstom Derby 2020-2021 | 36 x 3-car sets 45 x 5-car sets | |||
Class 745 FLIRT | Greater Anglia | Greater Anglia | Stadler Rail 2018-2020 | 20 x 12-car sets | |||
Class 755 FLIRT | Greater Anglia | Greater Anglia | Stadler Rail 2018-2020 | 14 x 3-car sets 24 x 4-car sets | |||
Class 756 FLIRT | Transport for Wales Rail | Stadler Rail TBC | 7 × 3-car sets 17 × 4-car sets | ||||
Class 768 | Rail Operations Group | Rail Operations Group | BREL York 1987-88 Brush Traction 2020- (conversion) | 10 x 4-car sets | |||
Class 769 [a] Flex | Great Western Railway Northern Trains Rail Operations Group Transport for Wales Rail | Northern Trains | BREL York 1987-88 Brush Traction 2017-2020 (conversion) | 35 x 4-car sets | 1 car | ||
Class 777 [a] METRO | Merseyrail | Merseyrail | Stadler Rail 2018-2021 | 52 x 4-car sets | None | ||
Class 799 [a] HydroFlex | Porterbrook | Porterbrook | BREL York, 1987 Quinton Rail Technology Centre 2019 (conversion) | 2 x 4-car sets | 1 |
High speed multiple unit or fixed formation trainsets, capable of operating at speeds above 190 kilometres per hour (120 mph). [7]
TOPS class | Built for | Current Operator(s) | Builder | Number Built | Image | Withdrawn | Scrapped |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Class 370 APT-P | prototype APT | BREL Derby 1979 | 6 x 7-car half sets 2 spare cars | 1985–1986 | 35 cars | ||
Class 373 TGV | Eurostar | Eurostar | GEC Alsthom, La Brugeoise et Nivelles 1992-1996 | 14 x 8-car half sets 62 x 10-car half sets 1 spare car | still in use | 16 | |
Class 374 Velaro UK | Eurostar | Eurostar | Siemens Mobility 2011-2018 | 34 x 8-car half sets | still in use | None | |
Class 390 Pendolino | Virgin Trains | Avanti West Coast | Alstom Birmingham 2001-2004 Alstom Savigliano, Italy 2010-2012 | 22 x 9-car sets 35 x 11-car sets | 1 | ||
Class 395 [a] Javelin | Southeastern | Southeastern | Hitachi, Japan 2007-2009 | 29 x 6-car sets | None | ||
Class 397 Civity | TransPennine Express | TransPennine Express | CAF 2017-2019 | 12 x 5-car sets | |||
Class 800 AT300 | London North Eastern Railway | London North Eastern Railway | Hitachi, Kudamatsu & Newton Aycliffe 2014-2018 | 34 x 9-car sets 46 x 5-car sets | |||
Great Western Railway | Great Western Railway | ||||||
Class 801 AT300 | London North Eastern Railway | London North Eastern Railway | Hitachi Kudamatsu & Newton Aycliffe 2017-2020 | 30 x 9-car sets 12 x 5-car sets [8] | |||
Class 802 AT300 | Great Western Railway | Great Western Railway | Hitachi Kudamatsu & Hitachi Rail Italy 2017-2020 | 46 x 5-car 14 x 9-car sets | |||
Hull Trains | Hull Trains | ||||||
TransPennine Express | TransPennine Express | ||||||
Class 803 AT300 | Lumo | Lumo | Hitachi Newton Aycliffe | 5 x 5-car sets | |||
Class 805 AT300 | Avanti West Coast | Hitachi Newton Aycliffe | 13 x 5-car sets | ||||
Class 807 AT300 | 10 x 7-car sets | Not in service yet | |||||
Class 810 Aurora | East Midlands Railway | 33 x 5-car sets |
The Southern Railway and its successor, the Southern Region of British Rail, used three letter codes to classify their DC EMU fleets, as shown after the TOPS class numbers. Southern Region EMUs were classified in the 400 series under TOPS.
TOPS class | SR class | Name or Information | Built | Quantity (sets) | Withdrawn | Notes | Image | Scrapped |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Class 401 | 2-Bil | 1935–38 | 152 | 1965–71 | 151 | |||
Class 402 | 2-Hal |
| 100 | 1969–71 | All | |||
2-Pan[ citation needed ] | ||||||||
2-Nol | 1934–36 | 78 | 1956–59 | |||||
2-SL | South London | 1929 | 8 | 1954 | ||||
2-Wim | Wimbledon-Croydon | 1929 | 4 | |||||
3-Sub | 1946–51 | 184 | 1976–83 | |||||
4-Buf | 1937–38 | 85 | 1964 | |||||
Class 404 | 4-Cor | 1968–71 | 28 | |||||
4-DD | Double Deck EMU | 1949 | 2 | 1971 | ||||
4-Gri | All | |||||||
4-Lav |
| 35 | 1968–69 | |||||
4-Res | ||||||||
Class 405 | 4-Sub | About 184 | ||||||
Class 403 | 5-Bel | Brighton Belle London Victoria-Brighton | 1932 | 15 | 1 (p) | 2 | ||
6-Cit | London Bridge-Brighton | 38 in total | ||||||
6-Pan | Pantry units | |||||||
6-Pul | Pullman London Victoria-Brighton |
TOPS class | SR class | Name or Information | Image | Scrapped |
---|---|---|---|---|
Class 410 | 4-Bep | About 114 in total | ||
Class 411 | 4-Cep | |||
Class 412 | 4-Bep | |||
Class 413 | 4-Cap | 2 x 2Hap permanently coupled | All | |
Class 414 | 2-Hap | 207 | ||
Class 415 | 4-EPB | 282 | ||
Class 416 | 2-EPB | 121 | ||
Class 418 | 2-Sap | 2Hap units with declassified 1st Class accommodation | All | |
Class 419 | MLV | London-Dover/Folkestone boat trains | 2 | |
Class 420 | 4-Big | About 140 in total | ||
Class 421 | 4/3-Cig 3-Cop | Last 2 units of this type in service were withdrawn in 2010 | ||
Class 422 | 4-Big 8-Dig | |||
Class 423 | 4-Vep 4-Vop | About 188 in total | ||
Class 427 | 4-Veg | First stock used for Gatwick Express | ||
Class 430 | 4-Rep | 14 | ||
Class 431 | 6-Rep | |||
Class 432 | 4-Rep | |||
Class 438 | 3-TC 4-TC | 27 | ||
Class 480 | 8-Vab | - | ||
Class 482 (I) | 8-Mig | |||
Class 488 | Gatwick Express Trailers | 14 | ||
Class 489 | GLV | Gatwick Express driving trailers | 3 | |
Class 499 (I) | TLV | All |
TOPS class | Number Built | SR class | Name or Information | Image | Number Scrapped |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Class 482 (II) | 10 x 4-car | Waterloo & City line sold to London Underground | None | ||
Class 483 | 10 x 2-car | Island Line ex LU 1938 stock | 4 | ||
Class 484 | 5 x 2-car | Island Line D-Train ex-LU D78 Stock | None | ||
Class 485 | 6 x 4-car | 4-Vec | ex LU Standard stock | about 5 | |
Class 486 | 6 x 3-car | 3-Tis | ex LU Standard stock | All | |
Class 487 | 28 x 1-car | Waterloo & City Line | 27 |
Note that TOPS class 499 is currently allocated to London Underground owned stock that needs to use Network Rail owned tracks. This does not involve any renumbering of the stock involved, and is only for electronic recording purposes. [9]
TOPS class | SR class | Number Built | Name or Information | Image | Scrapped |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Class 424 | 1 | Networker Classic Prototype | 1 | ||
Class 442 | 5-Wes | 24 | Wessex Express | 119 cars | |
Class 444 | 5-Des | 45 | Siemens Desiro | None | |
Class 445 | 4-Pep | 2 | Second Generation EMU prototype - 4 car | All | |
Class 446 | 2-Pep | 1 | Second Generation EMU prototype - 2 car | ||
Class 447 | Never Built | Proposed Battersea Bullet | Never built | ||
Class 450 | 4-Des | 127 | Siemens Desiro | None | |
Class 455 | 137 | 54 | |||
Class 456 | 24 | All | |||
Class 457 | 1 | DC Networker prototype | 1 | ||
Class 458 | 5-Jop | 36 | Juniper | None | |
Class 460 | 8-Gat | 8 | Juniper - Gatwick Express | DMLFOs (4 cars) | |
Class 465 | 147 | Networker - 4 car | None | ||
Class 466 | 43 | Networker - 2 car | |||
Class 471 | Never Built | Proposed Networker - Main Line Express | Never built |
The 500 series classes were reserved for miscellaneous DC EMUs not from the Southern Region. This included the DC (third/fourth rail) lines in North London, Manchester and Merseyside and the OHLE lines in Greater Manchester. The DC electric network around Tyneside had been de-electrified by the time TOPS was introduced, and the stock withdrawn or transferred to the Southern Region.
Class | Info | Image | Number Built | Withdrawn | Notes | Scrapped |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Class 501 | North London stock | 57 | 1985 | 650 V Third & Fourth Rail | 56 | |
Class 502 | Liverpool-Southport/Ormskirk stock | 61 | 1980 | 650 V Third Rail | 150 cars | |
Class 503 | Mersey-Wirral stock | 45 | 1985 | 650 V Third Rail | 44 | |
Class 504 | Manchester-Bury stock | 26 | 1991 | 1.2 kV Side Contact Third Rail (Unique on BR network) | 25 | |
Class 505 | Manchester-Altrincham stock | 22 sets | 1971 | 1.5 kV OHLE | ? | |
Class 506 | Manchester-Hadfield/Glossop stock | 8 | 1984 | 1.5 kV OHLE | About 7 | |
Class 507 | Merseyside stock | 33 | 2022– | 750 V Third Rail | 27 | |
Class 508 | Merseyside stock | 43 | 2022–2024 | 750 V Third Rail | 41 | |
Class 510 | Original classification of Class 455 |
The original BEMU was a one-off unit, withdrawn before the introduction of TOPS. A new generation battery EMU (called an Independently Powered Electric Multiple Unit) was created in 2014, converted from a Class 379.[ citation needed ]
Class | Info | Image | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
BEMU | Experimental 2 Car | ||
Class 230 | D-Train | DEMU DMU Diesel-Battery hybrid |
All rail vehicles operating on Network Rail infrastructure are required to be given TOPS codes. For this reason, London Underground, Sheffield Supertram and Tyne & Wear Metro trains have their own TOPS classes:
Class | Info | Image | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
Class 398 CITYLINK | Transport for Wales Rail tram-train stock | Planned use on Valley Lines services with street running through Cardiff | |
Class 399 CITYLINK | Sheffield Supertram tram-train stock | Used for service to Rotherham via the Dearne Valley line | |
Class 499 (II) | London Underground rolling stock | Classification given to all London Underground stock operating on Network Rail, regardless of line | |
Class 555 METRO | Tyne & Wear Metro rolling stock | Replacement Tyne and Wear Metro fleet | |
Class 599 | Runs on Network Rail tracks between Pelaw and Sunderland |
Total Operations Processing System (TOPS) is a computer system for managing railway locomotives and rolling stock, known for many years of use in the United Kingdom.
Metro-Cammell, formally the Metropolitan Cammell Carriage and Wagon Company (MCCW), was an English manufacturer of railway carriages, locomotives and railway wagons, based in Saltley, and subsequently Washwood Heath, in Birmingham. The company was purchased by GEC Alsthom in May 1989; the Washwood Heath factory closed in 2005 and was demolished in early 2019.
The British Rail Class 73 is a British electro-diesel locomotive. This type is unusual in that it can operate on the Southern Region's 650 / 750 V DC third rail power supply, or an onboard diesel engine to allow it to be used on non-electrified routes. This makes it very versatile, although the diesel engine produces less power than is available from the third-rail power supply, so the locomotives are rarely used outside of the former Southern Region of British Rail. It is one of the first bi-mode locomotives ever built. Following the withdrawal and scrapping of the more powerful Class 74 bi-mode locomotives in 1977, the Class 73 was unique on the British railway network until the introduction of the Class 88 bi-mode locomotives in 2017. Ten locomotives have been scrapped.
Regional Railways was one of the three passenger sectors of British Rail created in 1982 that existed until 1997, two years after Privatisation of British Rail. The sector was originally called Provincial.
A number of different numbering and classification schemes were used for locomotives and multiple units operated by British Railways (BR), and this page explains the principal systems. This section also covers the post-privatisation period, as the broad numbering and classification arrangements have not altered since the break-up of BR.
Class 316 and Class 457 were TOPS classifications assigned to a single electric multiple unit (EMU) at different stages of its use as a prototype for the Networker series.
The British Rail Class 323 is a class of electric multiple unit (EMU) passenger train built by Hunslet Transportation Projects and Holec. All 43 units were built from 1992 through to 1995, although mockups and prototypes were built and tested in 1990 and 1991.
The British Rail Class 313 was a dual-voltage electric multiple unit (EMU) train built by British Rail Engineering Limited's Holgate Road carriage works between February 1976 and April 1977. They were the first production units that were derived from British Rail's 1971 prototype suburban EMU design which, as the BREL 1972 family, eventually encompassed 755 vehicles over five production classes. They were the first second-generation EMUs to be constructed for British Rail and the first British Rail units with both a pantograph for 25 kV 50 Hz AC overhead lines and contact shoe equipment for 750 V DC third rail supply. They were, additionally, the first units in Britain to employ multi-function automatic Tightlock couplers, which include electrical and pneumatic connections allowing the coupling and uncoupling of units to be performed unassisted by the driver whilst in the cab.
The British Rail Class 307 electric multiple units were built by BR at Eastleigh Works from 1954 to 1956. They were initially classified as AM7 before the introduction of TOPS.
The British Rail Class 325 is an electric multiple unit (EMU) train owned by Royal Mail, the trains were operated from 1995 to 2024 for the Royal Mail to carry bulk mail. The class consists of four-car sets with dual-voltage 25 kV (AC) and 750 V (DC) power. While the Class 325 cabs bear a resemblance to the Networker family of DMUs and EMUs, the Class 325 is based on the Class 319.
British Rail Class 416 (2-EPB) was a class of third-rail electric multiple units (EMUs) in service between 1953 and 1995. They were intended for inner suburban passenger services on London's Southern Electric network. There were two subclasses of Class 416: Class 416/1 to an SR design on salvaged 2-NOL underframes, built between 1953 and 1956, and Class 416/2 based on a British Railways Mark 1 coach design.
An electric multiple unit (EMU) is an electric self-powered train, capable of operating in multiple with other EMUs and without the need for a locomotive; these are typically passenger trains with accommodation in every vehicle and a driving position at each end. The term can also be used to describe a train that is a permanent formation with a non-driving power car, such as the Advanced Passenger Train. As of December 2010, two-thirds of the passenger carriages in Great Britain are formed in EMUs.
The British Rail Class 302 was a class of electric multiple unit (EMU) introduced between 1958 and 1960 for outer suburban passenger services on the London, Tilbury and Southend line. This class of multiple unit was constructed using the Mark 1 bodyshell with slam-doors.
The British Rail Class 304 were AC electric multiple units designed and produced at British Rail's (BR) Wolverton Works.
The British Rail Class 506 was a 3 carriage electric multiple unit (EMU) built for local services between Manchester, Glossop and Hadfield on the Woodhead Line, which was electrified in 1954 on the 1,500 V DC overhead system.
The Manchester South Junction and Altrincham Railway (MSJ&AR) was a suburban railway which operated an 8+1⁄2-mile (14 km) route between Altrincham in Cheshire and Manchester London Road railway station in Manchester.
Railway electrification in Great Britain began in the late 19th century. A range of voltages has been used, employing both overhead lines and conductor rails. The two most common systems are 25 kV AC using overhead lines, and the 750 V DC third rail system used in Southeast England and on Merseyrail. As of October 2023, 6,065 kilometres (3,769 mi) (38%) of the British rail network was electrified.
The Networker is a family of multiple-unit passenger trains which operate on the British railway system. They were built in the late 1980s and early 1990s by British Rail Engineering Limited and Metro Cammell. The trains were built for the Network SouthEast (NSE) sector of British Rail, which is where their name comes from.
Network SouthEast (NSE), the sector of British Rail which ran passenger services in London and southeast England between 1986 and 1994, operated a wide variety of rolling stock during its existence. The majority of the network was electrified, and further electrification schemes took place during the 1986–1994 period; and the 7,000 vehicles owned by NSE in 1986 consisted of a mixture of electric, diesel-electric and diesel multiple units, diesel locomotives and the coaches they hauled.
Specified Additional Rolling Stock ... Class 705 ... (5 car) ... Class 711 ... (10 car)