Brodiaea orcuttii

Last updated

Orcutt's brodiaea
Brodiaea orcuttii 393919853.jpg
Status TNC G2.svg
Imperiled  (NatureServe) [1]
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Asparagaceae
Subfamily: Brodiaeoideae
Genus: Brodiaea
Species:
B. orcuttii
Binomial name
Brodiaea orcuttii
Synonyms [2]

Brodiaea filifolia var. orcuttii(Greene) Jeps.
Hookera multipedunculataAbrams
Hookera orcuttii Greene

Contents

Brodiaea orcuttii is a species of flowering plant in the asparagus family, of the subfamily Brodiaeoideae. It is a cluster-lily known commonly as Orcutt's brodiaea. This corm-sprouting species is nearly endemic to San Diego County, with the periphery of its range reaching the southern portion of Riverside County along with some populations sparsely scattered in northwestern Baja California. Brodiaea orcuttii is usually associated with the marginal areas of vernal pools, seeps, meadows, and stream embankments, microhabitats which can generally be found from coastal mesas to interior mountains. [3] [4] The red-purple to blue flowers bloom from April to July. It can be distinguished from all other species of Brodiaea by its lack of staminodes. [4]

Description

Brodiaea orcuttii is the only species in its genus to lack staminodes Brodiaea orcuttii 396699909.jpg
Brodiaea orcuttii is the only species in its genus to lack staminodes

Brodiaea orcuttii is a perennial geophyte, storing nutrients and water throughout the dormant season in its corm. The dormant season begins in early summer and ends in late fall, and the stored starch within the corm allows the leaves and roots to rapidly develop once dormancy is broken with the first significant fall rains. There are about 1-6 linear leaves that emerge from the corm during the growing period. The leaves are withered by the time the plant is in flower. Mature plants also produce cormlets during the winter growing season. [4] [5]

Flowering occurs from April to July, producing a slender scape 8–25 cm (3.1–9.8 in) tall. The flowers are attached to the inflorescence on pedicels6 cm (2.4 in) long. The flowers have a violet perianth measuring 17–32 mm (0.67–1.26 in) large, with a funnelform tube 4–10 mm (0.16–0.39 in) long. The perianth lobes are spreading, with the inner lobes 3–5 mm (0.12–0.20 in) wide and the outer lobes 5–7 mm (0.20–0.28 in) wide. The lobes measure 12–19 mm (0.47–0.75 in) long. [4]

Brodiaea orcuttii is conspicuous among the genus as it is the only species to lack staminodes. The stamen consists of filaments 4–8 mm (0.16–0.31 in) long topped by anthers 4–6.5 mm (0.16–0.26 in) long. The anthers are linear in shape and have a v-shaped notch at their tip. The gynoecium consists of an ovary 3–7 mm (0.12–0.28 in) long with a style up to 15 mm (0.59 in) in length. [4]

Taxonomy

Brodiaea orcuttii was first described as Hookera orcuttii by Edward Lee Greene in 1886, based on specimens by Charles Russell Orcutt, the namesake of the species, collected in the vicinity of San Diego in 1884. [6]

Related Research Articles

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<i>Hooveria parviflora</i> Species of flowering plant

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Xanthisma junceum is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae known by the common names rush bristleweed or rush-like bristleweed. It is native to northern Mexico and it occurs in the United States only as far north as San Diego County, California. It grows in coastal and inland slopes and canyons. It is a perennial herb growing erect to 1 m in height. The linear leaves are mostly located at the base of the plant, each 1–2 cm long and toothed or cut into bristle-tipped lobes. The inflorescence bears one or more flower heads lined with glandular, bristle-tipped phyllaries. The head has a center of many yellow disc florets and a fringe of 15 to 25 yellow ray florets each about 1/2 cm long. The fruit is a hairy achene 2–3 mm long tipped with a pappus.

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Triteleia hyacinthina is a species of flowering plant known by the common names white brodiaea, white tripletlily, hyacinth brodiaea, and fool's onion. It is native to western North America from British Columbia to Idaho to central California. Its habitat includes grassland and vernally moist areas such as meadows and vernal pools. It is a perennial herb growing from a corm. It produces two or three basal leaves up to 40 centimeters (16 in) long by 2 centimeters (0.79 in) wide. The inflorescence arises on an erect stem up to 60 centimeters (24 in) tall and bears an umbel-like cluster of many flowers. Each flower is a funnel-shaped bloom borne on a pedicel up to 5 centimeters (2.0 in) long. The flower is white, often tinged purple along the tubular throat, with six green-veined tepals. There are six stamens with white, yellow, or occasionally blue anthers.

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Triteleia peduncularis is a monocot flowering plant in the genus Triteleia. Its common names include long-ray brodiaea and longray triteleia. It is endemic to California, where it occurs in the coastal and inland mountain ranges of the northern and central sections of the state. It grows in vernally moist habitat such as meadows, grassland, and vernal pools, often in areas with serpentine soils. It is a perennial wildflower growing from a corm. There are two or three basal leaves measuring up to 40 cm (16 in) long and 1.5 cm (0.6 in) wide. The inflorescence arises on a smooth, erect stem up to 80 cm (31 in) tall. It is an umbel-like cluster of several flowers which are borne on very long, straight pedicels measuring up to 18 cm (7.1 in) long. Each funnel-shaped flower is white, often tinged purple, with six tepals up to 1.6 cm (0.6 in) in length. There are six stamens with white anthers, and the ovary at the center is yellow when the flower is young.

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Dudleya hendrixii is a species of succulent plant known by the common name Hendrix's liveforever. It is a rare endemic restricted to undisturbed habitat near in the vicinity of Punta Colonet, Baja California, Mexico. The species is a small succulent that grows from an underground stem, producing small flowers in late spring to early summer before becoming summer deciduous and dormant. It was discovered in late 2016 by researchers from San Diego State University and the University of California, Santa Cruz, and is named in honor of the late musician Jimi Hendrix.

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Babiana scabrifolia is a perennial plant of 5–15 cm (2.0–5.9 in) high that annually forms leaves and flowers from an underground corm and is assigned to the Iris family. It produces relatively large, pale lilac or blue flowers slightly above the soil, and soft, lightly pleated leaves that reach beyond the flowers. These leaves are lance-shaped to oblong in adults, but line-shaped and twisted in non-flowering specimens. Flowering occurs from June to August. The species can be found in the Western Cape province of South Africa.

References

  1. "Brodiaea orcuttii". NatureServe Explorer. Arlington, Virginia: NatureServe. 2024. Retrieved 2024-07-25.
  2. "Brodiaea orcuttii (Greene) Baker". Plants of the World Online. The Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. n.d. Retrieved July 21, 2020.
  3. Reiser, Craig H. (July 2001). Rare Plants of San Diego County (PDF). Aquafir Press. pp. 46–47. ASIN   B0006F4BAY. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 May 2022.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 Pires, J. Chris; Preston, Robert E. (2019). Jepson Flora Project (ed.). "Brodiaea orcuttii". Jepson eFlora . Regents of the University of California.
  5. "Orcutt's Brodiaea". San Diego Management and Monitoring Program. Retrieved 14 August 2024.
  6. Greene, Edward Lee (1886). "Genera Confused under Brodiaea". Bulletin of the California Academy of Sciences. v. 2 (1886-1887). California Academy of Sciences: 138.