Bulandshahr

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Bulandshahr
City
Garden Gate, Bulandshahr 2023.tif
Statue of Mahatma Gandhi, Malika park, Bulandshahr.tif
Bathing ghat, Bulandshahr 1.tif
Bulandshahr ki nahar.tif
Kaala Aam Chauraha.jpg
Bulandshahr exhibition grounds.tif
Bathing ghat, Bulandshahr 2.tif
Veteran's Air Force School Bulandshahr.png
Left to right, top to bottom: Garden Gate, Mahatma Gandhi bust (Malika park), Bathing ghat, Nahar (Canal), Kala Aam, Exhibition grounds, Kali Nadi bridge and MiG-27 fighter aircraft at Veteran's Air Force School in Ganganagar
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Bulandshahr
Location in Uttar Pradesh, India
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Bulandshahr
Bulandshahr (India)
Coordinates: 28°24′25″N77°50′59″E / 28.40694°N 77.84972°E / 28.40694; 77.84972
CountryFlag of India.svg  India
State Uttar Pradesh
District Bulandshahr
Founded byKing Ahibaran
Area
 • Total
72 km2 (28 sq mi)
Elevation
195 m (640 ft)
Population
 (2011)
 • Total
235,310 [1]
 • Density788/km2 (2,040/sq mi)
Language
 • Official Hindi [2]
 • Additional official Urdu [2]
Time zone UTC+5:30 (IST)
PIN
203001
Telephone code91 (5732)
Vehicle registration UP-13
Sex ratio 1.892 ♂/♀
Website bulandshahar.nic.in

Bulandshahr, formerly Baran, is a city and a municipal board in Bulandshahr district in the state of Uttar Pradesh, India. [3]

Contents

It is the administrative headquarters of Bulandshahr district and part of Delhi NCR region. According to the Government of India, district Bulandshahr is one of the Minority Concentrated Districts of India on the basis of the 2011 census data on population, socio-economic indicators and basic amenities indicators. [4]

Etymology

An early history of Bulandshahr and the origin of its name is given by British District magistrate and collector for the Indian Civil Service, Frederic Salmon Growse, in a paper titled "Bulandshahr Antiquities" published in the Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal in 1879. [5] Bulandshahr was founded as 'Baran' by the king Ahibaran. [6]

Since it was perched on a highland it came to be known as "high city", [7] (Persian : بلند شهر), which translates as Bulandshahr in Persian language during the Mughal era. [8]

History

Early history

The history of Bulandshahr begins even before 1200 B.C. This region is nearer to the capital of Pandavas – Indraprasth and Hastinapur. After the decline of Hastinapur, Ahar which is situated in the north east of district Bulandshahr became an important place for Pnadavas. With the passage of time, the king Parmal's descendant Maharaja Ahibaran [9] made a fort on this part of region and laid the foundation of a tower called Baran(Bulandshahr). [10] Since it was perched on a highland it came to be known as high city which was translated into Persian language as Bulandshahr. At present this is called by this name. [11] All evidences point it to being Varnavat as described in Mahabharat. [12] [13] . Previously bulandshahr ruled by the Gaur rajput dynasty.

The ancient ruins found at places Bhatora Veerpur, Ghalibpur etc. are symbolic of antiquity of Bulandshahr. There are several other important places in the District from where statues of medieval age and objects of ancient temples had been founded. Even today several historical and ancients objects such as coins, inscriptions etc. are preserved in Lucknow State Museum . [14]

The kingdom of Baran came to an end probably during the 12th century. It was being ruled by Dod Rajputs who were tributaries of the royal family of Baran, Baranwals and ruled under the royal family's name, the family was considered a direct descendant of Pandavas. In 1192 CE when Muhammad Ghauri conquered parts of India, his general Qutubuddin Aibak conquered Fort Baran; Raja Chandrasen Baran died fighting but not before killing Khwaja , the commander of the Aibak army, in whose memory a maqbara was built.[ citation needed ]

The ancient ruins found at places in Bhatora Veerpur, Ghalibpur, etc. are indicative of the antiquity of Bulandshahr. There are several other important places in the District from where statues belonging to the medieval age and objects of ancient temples have been found. Even today, several of these historical and ancient objects such as coins, inscriptions etc. are preserved in the State Museum Lucknow.[ citation needed ]

British rule

Raja Lachhman Singh (1826–1896), who served the government from 1847 and wrote a Statistical Memoir of the Bulandshahr District, moved to Bulandshahr following retirement. [15] [16]

The first collector of Bulandshahr was Robert Lowther. [17]

Indian Rebellion of 1857

A large number of Gurjar and Rajput rulers, called zamindars, rebelled and attacked Bulandshahr itself on 21 May 1857. [18] The Gurjars plundered multiple towns such as Sikandrabad. They burnt down Telegraph lines and Dak Bungalows. The rebelling Nawab, Walidad Khan also belonged from Bulandshahr. The presence of Nawab Walidad Khan in Bulandshahr had completely paralysed the British about this time. [19]

Walidad Khan recruited a large number of Indian Muslims who had been serving in the Irregular Cavalry, such as Skinner's Horse. [20] [21]

The Indian Rebellion of 1857 is generally associated with the surrounding areas, such as Meerut, Delhi and Aligarh. [22] On 20 May 1857, the 9th regiment of Bulandshahr looted the treasury at Bulandshahr. Sir Alfred Comyn Lyall was subsequently appointed assistant magistrate of Bulandshahr, and Lord Roberts was also present in the district. [22] [23] [24]

Park

Raja Babu Park had been constructed in Bulandshahr in 1837, and a statue of Queen Victoria was placed there in 1901, when the park was renamed ‘Maharani Victoria Park’. [25]

Development under Frederick Growse

Growse, district magistrate and collector of Bulandshahr from 1876 to 1884, resided at Collector's House. [26] In 1884 he published Bulandshahr; or, Sketches of an Indian district; social, historical and architectural. [27]

Post-independence

Following India's independence, ‘Maharani Victoria Park’ was renamed after Rajeshwar Dayal Saxena, president of the Civil Bar Association and later president of Municipal Board, Bulandshahar. Later it was renamed again back to 'Raja Babu Park'. In 1969 a bust of Mahatma Gandhi was established in the park. [25]

Geography

The distance between Bulandshahr and New Delhi is 68 km. [29] It lies in the Bulandshahr District on the Agra to Delhi Road, and is surrounded by Delhi, Meerut, Moradabad, Badaun and Aligarh. [22]

Demographics

As per provisional data of 2011 census, Bulandshahr urban agglomeration had a population of 235,310, out of which males were 125,549 and females were 111,761. Population in the age groups of 0 to 6 years was 30,886. The total number of literates were 160,203, of which 90,761 were males and 69,442 were females. The effective literacy rate of 7+ population was 78.37%. [1]

Administration and politics

Bulandshahr is one of seven administrative sub-divisions of the District of Bulandshahr. [3]

Buildings

Bulandshahr has four gates; Bunford Club Gate, Fatehganj Gate, Growseganj Gate and Moti Bagh Gate. [25] [ clarification needed ]

Events

The town hosts an annual exhibition known as 'numaish'. [30]

Attractions

Clock Tower

Clock Tower is a historical landmark from the Victorian era located at the centre of Bulandshahr district in Raja Babu Park or Malka Park which was constructed during the British period in 1837. In 1901, a statue of Queen Victoria was placed in this park and the park was named as 'Maharani Victoria Park'. After the independence of the country, it was renamed as 'Raja Babu Park'. In 1969, a statue of Mahatma Gandhi was established inside the tower. [31] [32]

Kuchesar Fort

Kuchesar Fort, (alternatively known as 'Rao Raj Vilas Kuchesar Fort') is located at Kuchesar, in Bulandshahr, Uttar Pradesh, India, approximately 84.3 kilometres (52.4 miles) east of Delhi. [34] [35]

The fort served as the erstwhile seat of the Jat Kingdom of Uttar Pradesh. [36]

MiG-27 Fighter Aircraft

Mikoyan MiG-27, a supersonic swing-wing fighter aircraft is placed on static display at Veteran's Air Force School in Ganganagar, Bulandshahr. This is the first MiG-27 to be preserved and publicly displayed in Uttar Pradesh. [38] [39]

The Kargil War veteran has also featured on 'Warbirds of India' [38] by PVS Jagan Mohan, a military historian who authored The India-Pakistan Air War of 1965. [40]

Notable people

See also

Related Research Articles

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Urdu-speaking people</span> Ethnic group

Native speakers of Urdu are spread across South Asia. The vast majority of them are Muslims of the Hindi–Urdu Belt of northern India, followed by the Deccani people of the Deccan plateau in south-central India, and most of the Muhajir people of Pakistan. The historical centres of Urdu speakers include Delhi and Lucknow. Another defunct variety of the language was historically spoken in Lahore for centuries before the name "Urdu" first began to appear. However, little is known about this defunct Lahori variety as it has not been spoken for centuries.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Elliott Colvin (died 1883)</span>

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The Indian Rebellion of 1857 was a significant uprising against British colonial rule in India from 1857 to 1858. It was directed against the authority of the British East India Company, which acted as a self-governing autonomous entity on behalf of the British Crown. Indian Muslim soldiers, known as sepoys, were instrumental in igniting the rebellion, driven by rumors that the cartridges for their rifles were greased with Pork fat, which offended their islamic religious beliefs. In regions such as Awadh, Delhi, Bihar, and Bengal, Muslim leaders emerged as key figures in the uprising. Prominent Indian muslim figures like Bahadur Shah II, the last Mughal emperor, and Maulvi Ahmadullah Shah led significant uprisings against the British, symbolizing a desire for the restoration of Muslim political power.

References

  1. 1 2 "Urban Agglomerations/Cities having population 1 lakh and above" (PDF). Provisional Population Totals, Census of India 2011. Retrieved 7 July 2012.
  2. 1 2 "52nd Report of the Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities in India" (PDF). nclm.nic.in. Ministry of Minority Affairs. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 May 2017. Retrieved 21 December 2018.
  3. 1 2 "District-Profile | District Bulandshahr, Government of Uttar Pradesh | India". Archived from the original on 19 January 2021. Retrieved 17 April 2021.
  4. ↑ "List of Minority Concentration Districts (Category 'A' & 'B')" (PDF). minorityaffairs.gov.in. Retrieved 25 February 2019.
  5. ↑ Growse, F. S. (1879). "Bulandshahr Antiquities". Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal: 270–276.
  6. ↑ Provinces (India), North-Western (1875). Statistical, Descriptive and Historical Account of the North-Western Provinces of India: Meerut division. v.2:pt.1. Saháranpur District. v.2:pt.2. Aligarh District. v.3:pt.1. Bulandshahr District. v.3:pt.2. Meerut (Mirath) District. v.3:pt.3. Muzaffarnagar District. Printed at the North-western Provinces' Government Press. p. 78.
  7. ↑ Uttar Pradesh District Gazetteers: Bulandshahr. Government of Uttar Pradesh. 1980.
  8. ↑ Everett-Heath, John (24 October 2019). The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Place Names. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/acref/9780191882913.001.0001. ISBN   978-0-19-188291-3.
  9. ↑ Atkinson, Edwin T. (1876). Statistical descriptive and historical account of the North-Western provinces of India: Ed. ... by Edwin [Felix] Thomas Atkinson. North-Western Provinces' Government Press.
  10. ↑ Singh, Kuar (28 February 2023). Historical and Statistical Memoir of Zila Bulandshahar. BoD – Books on Demand. ISBN   978-3-382-50031-3.
  11. ↑ "About District | District Bulandshahr, Government of Uttar Pradesh | India" . Retrieved 4 April 2024.
  12. ↑ "About Bulandshahr, Bulandshahr Overview, Facts About Bulandshahr". www.bulandshahronline.in. Retrieved 4 April 2024.
  13. ↑ Jaina, Sāgaramala (1996). Jaina dharma kāyāpanīya sampradāya (in Hindi). Pārśvanātha Vidyāpīṭha.
  14. ↑ Nevill, H. R. (1922). District Gazetteers Of The United Provinces Of Agra And Oudh Bulandshar Vol-V. Lucknow: Government Branch Press. pp. 204–208.
  15. ↑ Buckland, C. E. (1971). Dictionary of Indian Biography. Ardent Media. p. 60.
  16. ↑ Growse, Frederic Salmon (1884). Bulandshahr: Or, Sketches of an Indian District: Social, Historical and Architectural. Benares: Medical Hall Press. p. 10.
  17. ↑ Atkinson, Edwin Thomas (1876). Statistical, Descriptive and Historical Account of the North-Western Provinces of India: 3.:Meerut division part 2. North-Western Provinces Government. pp. 127–128.
  18. ↑ Tewari, J. P. (1966). "The Revolt of 1857 in Bulandshahr District". Proceedings of the Indian History Congress. 28: 365–376. ISSN   2249-1937. JSTOR   44140455.
  19. ↑ Heehs, Peter (29 August 1991), "British Rule and Indian Revolt", India's Freedom Struggle 1857-1947, Oxford University Press, pp. 18–31, doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195627985.003.0003, ISBN   978-0-19-562798-5 , retrieved 9 November 2021
  20. ↑ Stokes, Eric (1967). "Nawab Walidad Khan and the 1857 Struggle in the Bulandshahr District". Bengal, Past & Present: Journal of the Calcutta Historical Society. 86. Calcutta Historical Society: 47.
  21. ↑ Fleetwood Williams. Narrative of Events Attending the Outbreak of Disturbances and the Restoration of Authority in the District of Meerut in 1857-58. Government Press. p. 59.
  22. 1 2 3 Tewari, J. P. (1966). "The revolt of 1857 in Bulandshahr District" . Proceedings of the Indian History Congress. 28: 365–376. ISSN   2249-1937. JSTOR   44140455.
  23. ↑ Mukherjee, Paresh Nath (1958). "Bulandshahr in 1857 rising" . Proceedings of the Indian History Congress. 21: 496–500. ISSN   2249-1937. JSTOR   44145246.
  24. ↑ Stokes, Eric (1978). "Nawab Walidad Khan and the 1857 Struggle in the Bulandshahr district". The Peasant and the Raj: Studies in Agrarian Society and Peasant Rebellion in Colonial India. Cambridge South Asian Studies, vol. 23. Cambridge University Press. pp. 140–158. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511563416.008. ISBN   9780521216845.
  25. 1 2 3 "Census of India 2011: Bulandshahr village and town directory". Series 10, PART XII-A.
  26. 1 2 3 4 "Indian Architecture of To-day as Exemplified in the New Buildings of Bulandshahr District, Part II · Highlights from the Digital Content Library". dcl.dash.umn.edu. Archived from the original on 16 April 2021. Retrieved 17 April 2021.
  27. ↑ "Obituary Notice: Frederic Salmon Growse". Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland. 46: 650–652. July 1893. doi:10.1017/S0035869X0014359X. JSTOR   25197161. S2CID   250349621.
  28. ↑ Growse, F.Bulandshahr; or, Sketches of an Indian district; social, historical and architectural. Benares: Medical Hall Press, 1884. p. 67
  29. ↑ "Bulandshahr, Uttar Pradesh to New Delhi, Delhi route by Road via NE 3". maps.google.com. Retrieved 8 June 2022.
  30. ↑ The Geographer. Aligarh Muslim University Geographical Society. 1982. p. 70.
  31. ↑ "District Bulandshahr". bulandshahar.nic.in.
  32. ↑ "Bulandshahr" (PDF). CensusIndia.
  33. ↑ "District Bulandshahr". bulandshahar.nic.in.
  34. ↑ "Rao Raj Vilas Kuchesar". kuchesarfort.com. Retrieved 5 May 2020.
  35. ↑ "Mud Fort". bulandshahar.nic.in.
  36. ↑ "Mud Fort". Rao Raj Vilas Kuchesar Fort. Retrieved 23 November 2020.
  37. ↑ "Kuchesar Mud Fort, as a Heritage Hotel". worldarchitecture.org. Retrieved 6 June 2018.
  38. 1 2 3 Mohan, PVS Jagan (29 May 2023). "MiG 27 ML [TS517] at Veteran's Air Force School Bulandshahr". Warbirds of India.
  39. ↑ "AerialVisuals". www.aerialvisuals.ca.
  40. ↑ MOHAN, PVS JAGAN; CHOPRA, SAMIR. The India-Pakistan Air War of 1965. Manohar Books.
  41. ↑ "Freedom fighter Abbas Ali to support Arvind Kejriwal". The Hindu. 31 March 2014. Archived from the original on 9 July 2014. Retrieved 12 April 2021.
  42. ↑ Wilson, Derek (2004). "Baxter [née fforde], Kathleen Mary Carver [Kay]". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). OUP. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/72210.(Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  43. ↑ "All you want to know about #SonalChauhan". FilmiBeat. Archived from the original on 7 February 2018. Retrieved 13 April 2021.
  44. ↑ Brass, Paul R. (13 November 2012). An Indian Political Life: Charan Singh and Congress Politics, 1957 to 1967. SAGE Publications India. p. 405. ISBN   978-81-321-1715-5.
  45. ↑ Damodaran, Harish (2018). INDIA'S NEW CAPITALISTS: Caste, Business, and Industry in a Modern Nation. Hachette India. ISBN   978-93-5195-280-0.
  46. ↑ "Shri. Arif Mohammed Khan | Kerala Agricultural University". www.kau.edu. Retrieved 13 April 2021.
  47. ↑ "History-maker Satish Kumar at the nation's service". Olympic Channel. Archived from the original on 26 November 2020. Retrieved 13 April 2021.
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