This article is about the Steaua București football team which competes in the Liga II. For the team previously named FC Steaua București which plays in the Liga I, see FCSB. For the parent multi-sport club, see CSA Steaua București. For other uses, see Steaua București (disambiguation).
Clubul Sportiv al Armatei Steaua București (Romanian pronunciation:[ˈste̯awabukuˈreʃtʲ]), commonly known as Steaua București, or simply as Steaua, is a Romanian professional football club based in Bucharest. It is one of the sporting sections of the namesake CSA Steaua București and competes in the Liga II.
In 2017, the parent club reactivated its football section and entered it into the 2017–18 season of Liga IV, the fourth tier of the Romanian football league system. According to the club's records and the latest Romanian court orders (July 2019[1] and June 2021[2]) it is the most successful football club in Romania, with national records for winning the domestic trophies, plus the European Cup in 1986 and European Super Cup in 1987.[3] However, ownership of the titles is disputed between two entities,[4][5][6] with UEFA attributing all of the original club history to the other club, FCSB.[7]
They play their home matches at the new Steaua Stadium. They used to play on Ghencea V between 2017 and 2021, one of the former training fields of the Complexul Sportiv Steaua, as the previous stadium, used by the historic Steaua entity during its heyday, was demolished in order for the current stadium to be built in the old one's place. The team colours are red and blue.
The club has a long-standing rivalry with neighbouring Dinamo București, with matches between the two being commonly referred to as "the Eternal Derby", "the Romanian Derby", or "the Great Derby".
ASA București (Asociația Sportivă a Armatei București– "Army Sports Association") was founded on 7 June 1947 at the initiative of several officers of the Romanian Royal House. The establishment took place following a decree signed by General Mihail Lascăr, High Commander of the Romanian Royal Army. It was formed as a sports society with seven initial sections, including football, coached by Coloman Braun-Bogdan.[8]ASA was renamed CSCA (Clubul Sportiv Central al Armatei– "Central Sports Club of the Army") in 1948 and CCA (Casa Centrală a Armatei– "Central House of the Army") in 1950.[8]
Name
Period
Asociația Sportivă a Armatei (ASA) București
1947–1948
Clubul Sportiv Central al Armatei (CSCA) București
1948–1950
Casa Centrală a Armatei (CCA) București
1950–1961
Clubul Sportiv al Armatei (CSA) Steaua București
1961–1998
Asociația Fotbal Club (AFC) Steaua București
1998–2003
Clubul Sportiv al Armatei (CSA) Steaua București
2017–present
In 1949, CSCA won its first trophy, the Cupa României, defeating CSU Cluj 2–1 in the final. Under the name of CCA, the club managed to win three Championship titles in a row in 1951, 1952 and 1953, along with its first Championship–Cup double in 1951. During the 1950s, the so-called "CCA Golden Team" became nationally famous.[9] In 1956, the Romania national team (composed exclusively of CCA players) played Yugoslavia in Belgrade and won 1–0. In the same year, CCA, coached by Ilie Savu, became the first Romanian team to participate in a tournament in England, where it achieved noteworthy results against the likes of Luton Town, Arsenal, Sheffield Wednesday and Wolverhampton Wanderers.[10]
At the end of 1961, CCA changed its name once again to CSA Steaua București (Clubul Sportiv al Armatei Steaua– "Army Sports Club Steaua"). The club's new name translated to The Star and was adopted because of the presence of a red star, a symbol of most East European Army clubs, on its crest. A poor period of almost two decades followed in which the club claimed only three championships (1967–68, 1975–76, 1977–78). Instead, the team won nine national cup trophies, for which matter it gained the nickname of "cup specialists".[11] Also during this period, on 9 April 1974 Steaua's ground, Stadionul Ghencea, was inaugurated with a friendly match against OFK Belgrade.[12]
Steaua with the UEFA European Champions Clubs' Cup in 1986.The champion team of 1989
Under the leadership of coaches Emerich Jenei and Anghel Iordănescu, Steaua had an impressive Championship run in the 1984–85 season, which it won after a six-year break. Subsequently, Steaua became the first Romanian club to reach a European Cup final, which it ultimately won against Barcelona on penalties (2–0 thanks to goalkeeper Helmuth Duckadam saving all four penalties taken by the Spaniards), after a goalless draw. Steaua therefore became the first Eastern European team to claim the title of European champions. An additional European Super Cup was won in 1987 against Dynamo Kyiv. Steaua remained at the top of European football for the rest of the decade, managing one more European Cup semi-final in 1987–88 and one more European Cup final in 1989 (lost 4–0 to Milan). Notably, this was in addition to its four additional national titles (1985–86, 1986–87, 1987–88,[note 1] 1988–89) and four national cups (1984–85, 1986–87, 1987–88, 1988–89). Furthermore, from June 1986 to September 1989, Steaua ran a record 104-match undefeated streak in the championship, setting a world record for that time and a European one still standing.[13]
The Romanian Revolution led the country towards a free open market and, subsequently, several players of the 1980s team left for other clubs in the West. After a short pull-back, a quick recovery followed and Steaua managed a six consecutive championship streak between 1992–93 and 1997–98 to equalize the 1920s performance of Chinezul Timișoara[14] and also three more cups in 1995–96, 1996–97 and 1998–99. At international level, the club also managed to reach the UEFA Champions League group stage three years in a row between 1994–95 and 1996–97.
AFC Steaua
In 1998, Steaua's football section separated from CSA Steaua and changed its name to AFC Steaua București[15] ruled by a non-profit association led by Romanian businessman Viorel Păunescu. Păunescu performed poorly as a president and soon the club was plunged into debt.[16]George Becali, another businessman, was offered the position of vice-president in hope of richer investment in the club. In 2003, Becali managed to gain control over the club by turning it from non-profit to a public share company.[17]
Subsequently, even though the club managed to win five national championships and to qualify for the UEFA Champions League four times, it became increasingly associated with Becali's controversial character, infamous for his homophobia,[18] xenophobia, misogyny, racism,[19] tax evasion[20] and even imprisonments.[21] Apart from this, the club also moved from the historical Stadionul Ghencea to the newly built Arena Națională.
In December 2014, following legal action from former parent club CSA Steaua, the Becali-backed club lost its right to use the "Steaua" trademark, its use having never been approved by CSA Steaua București.[22] The club which had acted as Steaua throughout this time was summoned to change their name and logo;[23] presently, they are officially called SC FC FCSB SA and continue to play in Liga I. A further ongoing trial was initiated by CSA Steaua, claiming FC FCSB must pay almost 37 million Euros as compensation for having unlawfully used the Steaua brand from 2003.[24] In July 2019, the judgement was made in favour of CSA Steaua, subject to appeal.[1]
According to comments made by Constantin Danilescu (a former Steaua employee who worked for the club until 1999), during the 1998 separation CSA Steaua did not relinquish ownership of the team's name, honours or brand, as was believed until 2017. The club only allowed the non-profit it partnered with to use these elements, but the non-profit never had any right to sell them, placing doubt over the claims of FCSB to titles won before the takeover by Becali.[25]
New start in Liga IV
Having legally reclaimed the football team, CSA Steaua București reactivated its football section and entered it to Liga IV's 2017–18 season, the fourth tier of the Romanian Championship. Funded from privately owned CSA Steaua finances,[26] the team's objective is to promote every year to the higher league, until it reaches Liga I, a timeline which is to coincide with the opening of the new Stadionul Ghencea.
In April 2018, Steaua București played a home league fixture against AS Academia Rapid București, the principal 'phoenix club' established by supporters of the defunct FC Rapid București. Due to the high profile of the participants, the match was moved to the Arena Națională and attracted a crowd of 36,277, setting a lower-league national record; Rapid București won 3–1 to consolidate their position at the top of the table, with Steaua five points behind in second place.[27]
The team reached the promotion play-offs in their first two seasons but lost each time.[28] Steaua finally achieved promotion at the end of the 2019–20 season. They were promoted the very next season to Liga II.[29]
Crest and colours
The evolution of Steaua's crest from 1947 up until the present day
ASA București was founded by the Royal Army on 7 June 1947. During its first season, 1947–48, Steaua wore yellow and red striped shirts with blue shorts, to symbolize Romania's tricolour flag.[30]
Starting with the following season and with the Army's change of identity from the Royal Army to the People's Army, the yellow was gradually given up, so that the official colours remained, up to this day, the red and the blue.
Following the Romanian Revolution, the Army decided to break all links to the defunct communist regime, so, in 1991, CSA Steaua had a last change of crest with an eagle also present on the Ministry of Defence coat of arms and also on Romania's.
As FC Steaua appeared in 1998, the club added two yellow stars on top of the CSA Steaua badge signifying its 20 titles of champions won, along with the Fotbal Club specification.
Steaua played the first three matches in its history at the defunct Venus stadium. Opened in 1931, the venue had previously been in the property of Venus București, a club disbanded in 1949.[31] After that ground's demolition through order of the Communist regime, Steaua played its home matches at any one of Bucharest's three largest multi-use stadia: ANEF, Republicii (built in 1926 and demolished in 1984 to make room for the erection of the Casa Poporului) and 23 August (built in 1953). Of these two, 23 August (later renamed Național) was mostly used when two matches between Bucharest clubs were scheduled in the same matchday or for important European matches, while Republicii for regular matches in the championship.
From 1974 to 2003, Steaua played its home matches at the Stadionul Ghencea, a footballstadium situated in South-Western Bucharest. Part of Complexul Sportiv Steaua, it was inaugurated on 9 April 1974 when Steaua played a friendly match against OFK Beograd,[12] at which time it was the first football-only stadium ever built in Communist Romania, with no track & field facilities. The stadium was built through order of the Ministry of National Defence inside a former military base and was long used by CSA Steaua.
The original capacity was 30,000 on benches. A general renovation occurred in 1991; this included installing seats, which dropped the capacity to 28,365.
The new stadium was inaugurated on 7 July 2021, with a match between Steaua and OFK Beograd.
While ultra groups stopped attending matches around the time of the Court's demand that FCSB doesn't have the rights to be Steaua, regular spectators (citizens) continued their presence at Arena Națională matches and now form the majority of the FCSB support, mostly at important European fixtures but also with Universitatea Craiova, CFR Cluj and Dinamo Bucharest.[citation needed]
Ever since the Court's decision in 2014, Peluza Sud has fully adopted the reopened football team of Steaua București and represents a constant presence for the Liga IV matches.
More recently, as of 2017, the supporters have formed their own official association, called AS47 (Asociația Steliștilor 1947– Steaua Supporters' Association 1947), as a legal entity with its stated goals of 'reoffering Steaua and its supporters their true meaning, in harmony with the club's original values'.[32]
During the 2017–18 season, while playing in the 4th Romanian division, Steaua's home match against Rapid achieved a national record, with an audience of 36.277 spectators.[33]
Rivalries
Steaua's most important rivalry is the one against Dinamo București. Eternul derby ("The Eternal Derby") has been the leading Romanian football encounter in the last 60 years, as Steaua and Dinamo are the two most successful football teams in the country. There have been more than 100 matches played so far between Steaua and Dinamo in the Romanian League, the Romanian Cup and also the Romanian Supercup.[34] With 39 titles combined (Steaua – 21; Dinamo – 18), the two sides have won 31 more than the third-most successful Liga I club, Venus București.[35] It is also a match between the former clubs of the Romanian Army (Steaua) and the Ministry of Internal Affairs (Dinamo). Several clashes between different factions of supporters have often occurred and still occur inside and outside the stadium. The heyday was reached before a match kick-off in 1997, when Dinamo's fans set a sector of Stadionul Ghencea's Peluza Sud, where they were assigned, on fire.[36]
The second-most important rivalry is with Rapid București. Several matches throughout the years between Steaua and Rapid have also ended in serious clashes between fans.[37] The conflict has become even fiercer after FCSB (then believed to be Steaua) outpassed Rapid in an all-Romanian quarter-final of the 2005–06 UEFA Cup. The local sports newspapers said that the two teams were linked up in this quarter-final by the line of the number 41 tram which links the Ghencea Stadium to the Valentin Stănescu Stadium.
The club is also popular outside the borders, notably between Romanian emigrants. The Valencian Community in Spain accounts for an important number of supporters, being the most important area for this matter.
Steaua fans are also maintaining good relations with the fans of CSKA Sofia of Bulgaria, with whom they share the common root of once representing the teams of their national armies. Some ultras are also friends with the ultras from UTA Arad, Corvinul Hunedoara and Farul Constanța.
Honours
Note: As of June 2018, UEFA and LPF regard FC FCSB as the continuation of historic FC Steaua and attribute all honours since 1947 to that entity.[7][39] However, the ownership of the many trophies won between 1947 and 2003 is disputed, with the restarted football department of former parent club CSA Steaua also claiming them[40] following legal disputes between the two organisations.[4][41][25] In July 2019, CSA Steaua won a first court decision regarding the record dispute. However, the ruling is not definitive.[1][42] CSA Steaua won another court decision against FC FCSB in June 2021. This ruling is not definitive but it has an enforceable title.[citation needed] According to the June 2021 court decision, CSA Steaua has all honours until 1998.[43]
On 7 July 2021, Steaua retired the number 7 at the inauguration match of the new Steaua Stadium. The last player to wear the number 7 was Florin Răsdan, during the 2020–21 season.
FC Dinamo București, commonly known as Dinamo București or simply Dinamo, is a Romanian professional football club based in Bucharest that competes in the Liga I.
Fotbal Club FCSB, formerly named and still sometimes referred to as FC Steaua București, is a Romanian professional football club based in Bucharest. It has spent its entire history in the Liga I, the top flight of the Romanian football league system.
Fotbal Club Rapid 1923, commonly known as Rapid București (Romanian pronunciation:[raˈpidbukuˈreʃtʲ]; or simply as Rapid, is a Romanian professional football club based in Bucharest, that competes in the Liga I. It was founded in 1923 by employees of the Grivița workshops as the Asociația Culturală și Sportivă CFR.
Vasile Iordache is a Romanian former football goalkeeper and coach.
Clubul Sportiv al Armatei Steaua București, commonly known as CSA Steaua București or simply Steaua, is a major multi-sports club based in Bucharest and run by the Ministry of National Defence. It is one of the most successful clubs in Romania and among the most successful multi-sport clubs in Europe. Founded on 7 June 1947 as Asociația Sportivă a Armatei București, the club changed its name several times before settling on to Steaua in 1961.
The term Steaua fans refers to all people who support Steaua București and FCSB, a Romanian sports club with several departments and a Romanian football club, respectively.
Steaua București is a Romanian professional football club. It is the most successful team in Romania, being the only one from a communist country to have won the European Cup, which it did in 1986.
Fotbal Club FCSB II, commonly known as FCSB II was a Romanian football club from Bucharest. The team was founded in 1982 as Steaua Mizil when Colonel Victor Stănculescu received an order from the Minister of Defense to establish a satellite team for Steaua Bucharest, dissolved in 1997 and refounded in 2004 and in 2016. It was the reserve team of FCSB.
The Eternal derby, also called the Romanian derby or the Great derby, is a football match between Bucharest rivals FCSB and Dinamo București. The game is usually among—if not the most—viewed and attended of the Liga I season. The two most successful clubs in Romania, they won a combined 95 honours: a record 61 for Steaua/FCSB and 34 for Dinamo București. It is the equivalent of Spain's El Clásico and France's Le Classique.
The historical records of the Steaua București football team are disputed by CSA Steaua București and Fotbal Club FCSB. Originally founded on June 7, 1947, as part of the multi-sports club run by the Romanian Ministry of National Defence, the football team became one of the most successful in Romanian history. The teams' most notable achievement was winning the European Cup in 1986, making it the first Eastern European team to do so, followed by the European Super Cup in 1987.
The 2011–12 Liga I was the ninety-fourth season of Liga I, the top-level football league of Romania. It began on 22 July 2011 and ended on 19 May 2012. The defending champions are Oțelul Galați.
Romanian professional football club Steaua, based in Bucharest, has regularly taken part in Union of European Football Associations (UEFA) competitions, despite CSA Steaua and FCSB are involved in FC Steaua București records dispute. Qualification for Romanian clubs is determined by a team's performance in its domestic league and cup competitions. Steaua has regularly qualified for the primary European competition, the European Cup, by winning the Liga I. Steaua has also achieved European qualification via the Cupa României and played in both the former UEFA Cup Winners' Cup and the UEFA Cup.
Rareș Enceanu is a Romanian footballer who plays as a midfielder for CSA Steaua București.
Steaua București is a Romanian professional association football club based in Bucharest. The club was formed in Bucharest in 1947 at the initiative of several officers of the Romanian Royal House as Asociația Sportivă a Armatei București, before being renamed as Clubul Sportiv Central al Armatei București in 1948. The club was renamed a third time in 1950 as Casa Centrală a Armatei București and in 1961 as Clubul Sportiv al Armatei Steaua București. The team name was changed last time in 1998 following lobbying from the football department president, Marcel Pușcaș, and new LPF regulations, the football club separated from CSA Steaua București and changed their name for the last time to Fotbal Club Steaua București
Peluza Roş-Albastră was a group of Romanian football supporters that was dissolved in 2020.
The 1961–62 season was Romanian football team FC Steaua București's 14th season since its founding in 1947.
Steaua Liberă is a sport website created by and for the supporters of Steaua București sports club. The website is widely known among Romanian press, with TV station Antena 1 and other media describing it as a ”hard and influential core” within the CSA Steaua București fans community.
The 2020–21 CSA Steaua București season is the team's 59th season since its founding in 1947.
Baza Sportivă ARCOM, also known as Baza Sportivă FCSB is a sports complex in Bucharest, Romania. It is currently used only for football matches, is the home ground of FCSB II and FCSB Academy and also used by FCSB for trainings. The football complex was built by George Becali on the place of the former ARCOM Concrete Plant, after his club was kicked out from Steaua Stadium and Ghencea Sports Complex due to the conflict with Ministry of National Defence and CSA Steaua București. The football complex has 4 grounds and holds 1,000 people.
Complexul Sportiv Steaua, also known as Complexul Sportiv Ghencea, is a sports complex in Bucharest, Romania. It is currently used mostly for football, rugby, water polo and tennis matches, as well as for fencing, gymnastics and swimming competitions. The complex was built between 1948 and 1970s by the Ministry of National Defence, which is also the current owner of the complex. The main operator is CSA Steaua București, sports club managed by the same institution.
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