Callanthias australis | |
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Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Chordata |
Class: | Actinopterygii |
Order: | Acanthuriformes |
Family: | Callanthiidae |
Genus: | Callanthias |
Species: | C. australis |
Binomial name | |
Callanthias australis Ogilby, 1899 | |
Synonyms [1] [2] | |
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Callanthias australis, the magnificent sea perch, splendid perch, glorious groppo or Northern splendid perch, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Callanthiidae. This species is found in the southeastern Indian Ocean and the southwestern Pacific Ocean.
Callanthias australis was first formally described in 1899 by the Australian zoologist James Douglas Ogilby with its type locality given as off Norah Head north of Port Jackson, New South Wales. [2] This species is closely related to C. japonicus and C. platei and these taxa may be subspecies of a single species, C. platei, [1] but given their widely parapatric distributions some authors consider that they are three valid species despite the morphological similarities. [3] The genus Callanthias is one of two classified in the family Callanthiidae which the 5th edition of Fishes of the World classifies in the order Spariformes. [4]
Callanthias australis has the specific name australis which means "southern", this species was described by Ogliby as a subspecies of C. platei. [5]
Callanthias australis has a continuous dorsal fin which is supported by 11 spines and between 10 and 12 soft rays while the anal fin has 3 spines and 10 or 11 soft rays. [1] It has a moderately elongated body with a small, oblique mouth. [6] The shape of the caudal fin varies from emarginate to almost truncate with larger individuals developing long filaments from the tip of each lobe. The colour of juveniles is light pink with light blue fins. [7] The females are pale red to orangey-red with silvery on the lower face and throat and pale fins. The males have a purplish red head and front of the body with the rear body being red. The dorsal and anal fins are brown while the caudal fin is bluish purple with red tips and a yellow centre. [8] This species has a maximum published standard length of 49 cm (19 in). [1]
Callanthias australis is found in the southwestern Pacific Ocean and into the southeastern Indian Ocean. In Australia this species is found from Moreton Bay in Queensland south and west to Rottnest Island in Western Australia, it is also found off Norfolk Island in the Tasman Sea. [7] In New Zealand it is found to the north of the range of C. allporti being found from the Kermadec Islands south to Castlepoint and Westport in the northern South Island. In New Zealand this species has the common name of Northern splendid perch while C. australis is the Southern Splendid perch. [8] The magnificent sea perch is found at depths of between 20 and 365 m (66 and 1,198 ft) on deep reefs and rocky pinnacles, [7] although juveniles are found in water as shallow of 10 m (33 ft) in inshore waters. [6]
Callanthias australis feeds on zooplankton, particularly crustaceans. It is a diurnal species which shelters in caves and crevices at nights and flees to these as sanctuaries when disturbed. It is a schooling species which forms mixed species schools with the anthiin serranids, the butterfly perch (Caesioperca lepidoptera) and pink maomao (Caprodon longimanus). [3] The colour of the males become more intense during the breeding season. [7] Spawning schools are formed between August and November when a small number of males will raise their dorsala nd anal fins and circle around 1 or 2 females before they all swim up the water column and release the sperm and eggs before descending. [3]
The porae, the grey morwong, blue morwong, butterfish, Douglas' morwong, Eastern blue morwong, great perch, queen snapper, rubberlip morwong or silver morwong, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, traditionally regarded as belonging to the family Cheilodactylidae, the members of which are commonly known as morwongs. It is found around south eastern Australia and the north eastern coast of the North Island of New Zealand at depths of about 10 to 100 metres, on sandy and rocky coasts.
Callanthiidae, the splendid perches and groppos is a small family of marine ray-finned fishes in the order Spariformes. These fishes are mainly found in the Indo-Pacific but two species are found in the eastern Atlantic and Mediterranean.
The splendid sea perch, also called the rosy perch, Allport's groppo, Allport's perch, Southern goldie or Southern splendid perch is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Callanthiidae. This fish is found off southern Australia and New Zealand.
The pink maomao, also known as the longfin perch, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a member of the family Anthiadidae. It is found in the southern Pacific and the southeastern Indian Ocean.
Helicolenus percoides, the reef ocean perch, coral cod, coral perch, Jock Stewart, kuriarki, ocean perch, red gurnard perch, red gurnard scorpionfish, red ocean perch, red perch, red rock perch, scarpee or sea perch, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the subfamily Sebastinae, part of the family Scorpaenidae. It is found in the southwestern Pacific Ocean.
The yellowspotted sawtail, or spotted sawtail, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Acanthuridae, the surgeonfishes, unicornfishes and tangs. This fish is found in the southwest Pacific Ocean.
The coral hawkfish, the pixy hawkfish or sharp-headed hawkfish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a hawkfish belonging to the family Cirrhitidae. It is native to tropical reefs of the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean. It occasionally is found in the aquarium trade.
The bartail flathead, also known as the Indian flathead, gobi or Indo-Pacific flathead, is a species of largely marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Platycephalidae, the flatheads. This species is found in the Indian Ocean and the Western Pacific Ocean, and has invaded the eastern Mediterranean Sea.
Naso fageni, the horseface unicornfish or blunt unicornfish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Acanthuridae, the surgeonfishes, unicornfishes and tangs. This fish is found in the Indo-Pacific region.
Callanthias is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Callanthiidae. These fishes are primarily found in subtropical parts of the Pacific Ocean, with one species marginally in the Indian Ocean and two species in the eastern Atlantic Ocean.
Grammatonotus is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Callanthiidae, which includes the splendid perches and groppos. These fishes are found in the Indian and Pacific Ocean. All of the species in the genus are known in English as groppos.
The splendid hawkfish, also known as mottled hawkfish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a hawkfish belonging to the family Cirrhitidae. It is found on tropical reefs of the Pacific Ocean.
The Australian bandfish is a species of bandfish in the family Cepolidae. It has been reported from the Indo-Pacific coastal regions of Australia, New Zealand, and New Caledonia, although some of these records may represent confusion with other species.
Datnioides undecimradiatus, the Mekong tiger perch is a species of freshwater fish belonging to the family Lobotidae, the triplefins and tiger perches. This species is endemic to the lower and middle Mekong basin in Indochina.
The southern pygmy perch, also known as the Tasmanian pygmy perch, is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish, a temperate perch from the family Percichthyidae which is native to south-eastern Australia and Tasmania.
Callanthias legars, the goldie or African splendid perch, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Callanthiidae. This species is found in the southeastern Atlantic Ocean off southern Africa.
Callanthias japonicus, the Japanese splendid perch or yellowsail sea bass, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Callanthiidae. This species is found in the northwestern Pacific Ocean.
Callanthias latei, the Juan Fernandez splendid perch or San Félix groppo, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Callanthiidae, the splendid perches and groppos. This species is found in the southeastern Pacific Ocean.
The parrot seaperch, also known as the bird of paradise fish or Eastern Atlantic groppo, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Callanthiidae, the splendid perches and groppos. This fish is found in the northeastern Atlantic and Mediterranean.
Grammatonotus laysanus, the purple groppo, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Callanthiidae, the groppos and splendid perches. This fish is found in the Pacific Ocean.