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Calotes emma | |
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Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Chordata |
Class: | Reptilia |
Order: | Squamata |
Suborder: | Iguania |
Family: | Agamidae |
Genus: | Calotes |
Species: | C. emma |
Binomial name | |
Calotes emma | |
Subspecies | |
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Calotes emma, commonly known as the forest garden lizard or Emma Gray's forest lizard, is a species of lizard in the family Agamidae. The species is native to China, South Asia, and Southeast Asia. There are two recognized subspecies.
The specific name, emma, is in honor of English conchologist Maria Emma Gray, the wife of John Edward Gray, the describer of this species. [3]
C. emma has the following morphology.
Physical Structure: There are three small groups of spines, completely separate from each other, on each side of the head, one behind the superciliary margin and two above each tympanum. The dorsal crest is well developed on the neck and on the anterior part of the trunk, gradually disappearing behind. There is a transverse fold in front of each shoulder, and the gular sac is but little developed. The tail is laterally compressed. There are about 51 series of scales round the middle of the trunk. [4]
Color pattern: The dorsum is brownish olive, with brown bands across the back, which are lighter in the middle and interrupted by a white band running along each side of the back. The eyelids have short, radiating brown streaks. There is a brown band from behind the eye to above the tympanum. The fold before the shoulder is black, with an irregular white margin. The legs and tail have indistinct dark crossbands. [4]
The maximum total length (including tail) is 40 cm (16 in).[ citation needed ] The usual total length is 28 cm (11 in), and the usual snout-to-vent length (SVL) a 7.5 cm (3.0 in). [4]
C. emma is found in Bangladesh (Satchari National Park, Bandarban Hill District), Cambodia, China (Guangdong, Yunnan), India (Assam), Laos, Malaysia (Peninsular), Myanmar, Thailand (including Phuket) & Vietnam (including Pulo Condore Islands) and Possibly in Bhutan.[ citation needed ]
"An inhabitant of Mergui, whence we have received it from Professor Oldham, ranging northwards perhaps to the Khasya Hills; extremely doubtful as an inhabitant of Afghanistan. Mr. Blyth mentions it amongst a collection made by Captain Bedmore at Schwe Gyen on the Sitang River in Pegu". [4]
Vernacular names for C. emma in various languages include the following.
C. emma is terrestrial, arboreal, and diurnal. It inhabits various forest habitats including dry deciduous, coastal, and moist evergreen. [1]
C. emma is insectivorous, [5] preying upon termites, grasshoppers, ants, cockroaches, beetles, diverse species of moths and low flying butterflies, and soil-living insects and their larvae. [6]
C. emma is oviparous. [7] The adult female lays 10-12 eggs in May–June. The incubation period is about 60–70 days.[ citation needed ]
C. emma is used in the pet trade.[ citation needed ] It plays a role in the ecosystem by eating various types of insects and otherwise.[ citation needed ]
C. emma is non-venomous and completely harmless to humans.[ citation needed ]
C. emma has been evaluated as "Least Concern" (LC) by the IUCN. [1]
Two subspecies of C. emma are recognized as being valid, including the nominotypical subspecies.
Calotes is a genus of lizards in the draconine clade of the family Agamidae. The genus contains 29 species. Some species are known as forest lizards, others as "bloodsuckers" due to their red heads, and yet others as garden lizards. The genus name Calotes has been derived from the Greek word Καλότης (Kalótës), meaning ‘beauty’, referring to the beautiful pattern of this genus.
Ceratophora is a genus of agamid lizards found in Sri Lanka. The male has a horn on its snout.
Pseudocalotes is a genus of lizards in the family Agamidae. The genus is endemic to Southeast Asia.
Hardwicke's bloodsucker is an agamid lizard and found in South Asia.
Monilesaurus ellioti, also known commonly as Elliot's forest lizard, is a species of arboreal, diurnal, lizard in the family Agamidae. The species is endemic to the Western Ghats, India.
Calotes maria, called commonly the Khasi Hills forest lizard or Assam garden lizard, is a species of lizard in the family Agamidae. The species is endemic to South Asia.
Monilesaurus rouxii, commonly known as Roux's forest lizard, Roux's forest calotes, or the forest blood sucker, is a species of arboreal, diurnal, agamid lizard, which is endemic to hills of peninsular India. In July 2018, it was proposed that the species should be transferred to the new genus Monilesaurus.
Draco maculatus, commonly known as the spotted flying dragon or spotted gliding lizard, is a species of agamid flying lizard endemic to Southeast Asia. It is capable of gliding from tree to tree.
Japalura tricarinata is a species of agamid lizard endemic to Asia.
Phrynocephalus theobaldi is a species of lizard in the family Agamidae. The species is endemic to Asia.
Blanford's rock agama is species of lizard in the family Agamidae. The species is endemic to Peninsular India. One of two species in the genus, P. blanfordanus is found mainly to the east of the distribution of P. dorsalis. Unlike the other species, the male P. blanfordanus in breeding season has the red body color restricted to the head and lacks the broad dorsal stripe.
Salea horsfieldii, commonly known as Horsfield's spiny lizard or the Nilgiri salea, is a species of lizard in the family Agamidae. The species is endemic to the Nilgiri Hills of India.
Beddome's day gecko is a species of lizard in the Family Gekkonidae endemic to India.
Boie's day gecko is a species of lizard in the family Gekkonidae. The species is endemic to India.
Jerdon's day gecko is a species of gecko, a lizard in the family Gekkonidae. The species is native to India and Sri Lanka.
Crossobamon orientalis, commonly called the Sind gecko, is a species of gecko, a lizard in the family Gekkonidae. The species is endemic to South Asia.
Ceratophora tennentii, commonly known as the rhinoceros agama, horn-nosed lizard, and Tennent's leaf-nosed lizard, is a species of lizard in the family Agamidae. The species is endemic to Sri Lanka.
Bronchocela smaragdina, also commonly known as Günther's bloodsucker, is a Southeast Asian species of agamid lizard.
Calotes ceylonensis, commonly known as the painted-lipped lizard or the Ceylon bloodsucker, is a species of lizard in the family Agamidae. It is one of four Calotes species endemic to Sri Lanka.
Pseudocalotes floweri, also commonly known as Flower's forest agamid, Flower's long-headed lizard, and the Thai false bloodsucker, is a species of lizard in the family Agamidae. The species is native to Southeast Asia.