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This article is part of a series on the politics and government of Chile |
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Constitutional Court |
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Presidential elections were held in Chile on 22 October 1925. [1] They were the first direct elections in the country's history and the first to be held under the new 1925 constitution. The result was a victory for Emiliano Figueroa, who received 71% of the vote. [2]
Chile, officially the Republic of Chile, is a South American country occupying a long, narrow strip of land between the Andes to the east and the Pacific Ocean to the west. It borders Peru to the north, Bolivia to the northeast, Argentina to the east, and the Drake Passage in the far south. Chilean territory includes the Pacific islands of Juan Fernández, Salas y Gómez, Desventuradas, and Easter Island in Oceania. Chile also claims about 1,250,000 square kilometres (480,000 sq mi) of Antarctica, although all claims are suspended under the Antarctic Treaty.
The Constitution of 1925 was the constitution in force in Chile between 1925 and 1973 when the Government Junta suspended it. In the 1920s Chile had a severe social and economic crisis that led to the loss of prestige for old ruling class, labeled oligarchy in Chilean historiography, and the rise of a more sensibilized populist government led by Arturo Alessandri. In 1924 Alessandri was outed in a coup, but was called back in 1925 to complete his mandate. Alessandri then used his presidency to draft a new constitution to replace the Constitution of 1833. The constitution was approved by plebiscite by 134,421 voters on August 30 of 1925. Prominent features of the constitution were:
Emiliano Figueroa Larraín was President of Chile from December 23, 1925 until his resignation on May 10, 1927. He also served as Acting president for a few months on 1910.
The election was held using the absolute majority system, under which a candidate had to receive over 50% of the popular vote to be elected. If no candidate received over 50% of the vote, a joint session of the National Congress would vote on the two candidates that received the most votes. [3]
A joint session or joint convention is, most broadly, when two normally separate decision-making groups meet together, often in a special session or other extraordinary meeting, for a specific purpose.
The National Congress of Chile is the legislative branch of the government of the Republic of Chile.
A member of the Liberal Democratic Party, [4] Figueroa ran as an independent, [2] and was also supported by the Conservative Party, the Radical Party, the United Liberal Party, the Doctrinal Liberal Party, and Democrat Party, the Unionist Liberal Party and the Aliancista Liberal Democratic Party. [4]
The Conservative Party of Chile was one of the principal Chilean political parties since its foundation in 1836 until 1948, when it broke apart. In 1953 it reformed as the United Conservative Party and in 1966 joined with the Liberal Party to form the National Party. The Conservative Party was a right-wing party, originally created to be the clericalist, pro-Catholic Church group.
The United Liberal Party was a Chilean liberal political party which existed between 1930 and 1933.
Candidate | Party | Votes | % |
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Emiliano Figueroa | Independent | 186,187 | 71.36 |
José Santos Salas | Social-Republican Union of the Wage Earners of Chile | 74,091 | 28.40 |
Other candidates | 617 | 0.24 | |
Total | 260,895 | 100.00 | |
Registered voters/turnout | 302,142 | 86.35 | |
Source: Nohlen |
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