Chilean general election, 1932

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Chilean general election, 1932
Flag of Chile.svg
  1931 30 October 1932 1938  

  Arturo Alessandri P.jpg Marmaduque Grove.jpg
Nominee Arturo Alessandri Marmaduke Grove
Party Liberal New Public Action
Popular vote 187,914 60,856
Percentage 55.1% 17.6%

  HectorRodriguezDLS.JPG EnriqueZanartuPrieto.jpg
Nominee Héctor Rodríguez Enrique Zañartu Prieto
Party Conservative United Liberal
Popular vote 47,207 42,885
Percentage 13.7% 12.4%

President before election

Abraham Oyanedel
Independent

President

Arturo Alessandri
Liberal

Coat of arms of Chile.svg
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General elections were held in Chile on 30 October 1932. [1] Arturo Alessandri of the Liberal Party was elected president, whilst the Conservative Party and Radical Party emerged as the largest parties in the Chamber of Deputies.

Chile republic in South America

Chile, officially the Republic of Chile, is a South American country occupying a long, narrow strip of land between the Andes to the east and the Pacific Ocean to the west. It borders Peru to the north, Bolivia to the northeast, Argentina to the east, and the Drake Passage in the far south. Chilean territory includes the Pacific islands of Juan Fernández, Salas y Gómez, Desventuradas, and Easter Island in Oceania. Chile also claims about 1,250,000 square kilometres (480,000 sq mi) of Antarctica, although all claims are suspended under the Antarctic Treaty.

Arturo Alessandri Chilean politician and President

Arturo Fortunato Alessandri Palma, GCTE was a Chilean political figure and reformer, who served thrice as the President of Chile, first between 1920 and 1924, then for part of 1925, and finally from 1932 until 1938.

Conservative Party (Chile) Chilean political party

The Conservative Party of Chile was one of the principal Chilean political parties since its foundation in 1836 until 1948, when it broke apart. In 1953 it reformed as the United Conservative Party and in 1966 joined with the Liberal Party to form the National Party. The Conservative Party was a right-wing party, originally created to be the clericalist, pro-Catholic Church group.

Contents

Background

The election took place roughly a year after the previous election, but political and economic instability caused by the Great Depression which hit a low in mid-1932, only made the situation worse. President Montero had to resign shortly after a mutiny led by Marmaduque Grove, who headed the Socialist Republic of Chile until being overtrown by former ally Carlos Davila who would also be overthrown, this time by Bartolome Blanche. After his downfall, Abraham Oyanedel became head of state. The return of Alessandri became so highly awaited that he won the election in a landslide ending a turbulent and bitter year for the country, being considered today as the worst one in Chilean history.

Great Depression 20th-century worldwide economic depression

The Great Depression was a severe worldwide economic depression that took place mostly during the 1930s, beginning in the United States. The timing of the Great Depression varied across nations; in most countries it started in 1929 and lasted until the late-1930s. It was the longest, deepest, and most widespread depression of the 20th century. In the 21st century, the Great Depression is commonly used as an example of how intensely the world's economy can decline.

Juan Esteban Montero President of Chile

Juan Esteban Montero Rodríguez was a Chilean political figure. He served twice as president of Chile between 1931 and 1932.

Electoral system

The presidential election was held using the absolute majority system, under which a candidate had to receive over 50% of the popular vote to be elected. If no candidate received over 50% of the vote, both houses of the National Congress would come together to vote on the two candidates that received the most votes. [2]

National Congress of Chile legislative branch of the government of the Republic of Chile

The National Congress of Chile is the legislative branch of the government of the Republic of Chile.

Results

President

CandidatePartyVotes%
Arturo Alessandri Liberal Party 189,91455.1
Marmaduke Grove Socialist60,85617.6
Héctor Rodríguez de la Cotta Conservative Party 47,20713.7
Enrique Zañartu Prieto United Liberal Party 42,88512.4
Elías Lafferte Communist Party 4,1281.2
Invalid/blank votes902
Total345,892100
Registered voters/turnout464,87974.4
Source: Nohlen

Senate

PartyVotes%Seats
Radical Party 13
Conservative Party 10
Liberal Party 5
Radical Socialist Party 5
Democratic Party 4
Democrat Party 3
New Napista Action2
Doctrinal Liberal Party 1
United Liberal Party 1
Republican Social Party 1
Total45
Source: Nohlen

Chamber of Deputies

PartyVotes%Seats+/–
Radical Party 59,41318.134–5
Conservative Party 55,26016.834+6
Liberal Party 32,6459.918–16
Democratic Party 25,2217.713New
Democrat Party 19,8196.07–15
Unified Liberal Party 18,8855.86New
Socialist parties [a] 18,6425.75New
Radical Socialist Party 18,1745.58New
Social Republican Party 7,0092.14New
Agrarian Party 6,5801.04New
Doctrinal Liberal Party 5,6431.72New
Communist Party 3,3501.01New
Social Democracy Party 3,0290.91New
Liberal Democratic Party 1,6860.51New
Other parties22,2656.80
Independents33,11610.14+4
Invalid/blank votes
Total328,207100142+10
Registered voters/turnout429,772
Source: Nohlen

a The Socialist parties included New Public Action (9,790 votes) and Chilean Socialists (5,352 votes). [3]

Aftermath

Following the elections, three of the independent candidates elected to the Chamber of Deputies joined the Communist Party. [4]

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References

  1. Nohlen, D (2005) Elections in the Americas: A data handbook, Volume II, p262 ISBN   978-0-19-928358-3
  2. Nohlen, p259
  3. Nohlen, p270
  4. Nohlen, p280