Clematis ligusticifolia

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Clematis ligusticifolia
Clematis ligusticifolia female flowers.jpg
Status TNC G5.svg
Secure  (NatureServe) [1]
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Order: Ranunculales
Family: Ranunculaceae
Genus: Clematis
Species:
C. ligusticifolia
Binomial name
Clematis ligusticifolia

Clematis ligusticifolia is a climbing, spreading vine with showy flowers. It is also known as old-man's beard, yerba de chiva, and virgin's bower, (though old-man's beard may also refer to C. vitalba , and virgin's bower may also refer to C. lasiantha ). It is native to North America where it is widespread across the western United States in streamside thickets, wooded hillsides, and coniferous forests up to 8,500 feet (2,600 m). [2]

Contents

It was called "pepper vine" by early travelers and pioneers of the American Old West. They used it as a pepper substitute to spice up food since real black pepper ( Piper nigrum ) was a costly and rarely obtainable spice. Like the rest of the genus Clematis, it contains essential oils and compounds which are extremely irritating to the skin and mucous membranes. Unlike Black Pepper or Capsicum , however, the compounds in clematis cause internal bleeding of the digestive tract if ingested internally in large amounts. [3] The plants can be toxic if consumed in large enough amounts, and can be toxic to small animals. [4] Native Americans used very small amounts of clematis for migraine headaches and nervous disorders. [5] It was also used as an effective treatment of skin infections. [6] A whole-plant hot water extraction was used to treat eczema, and a leaf compress is used to treat chest pain, sores, and boils.[ medical citation needed ]

It is dioecious, with male and female flowers on separate plants. [7]

References

  1. "NatureServe Explorer 2.0". explorer.natureserve.org. Retrieved 2023-10-23.
  2. Flora of North America Editorial Committee (ed.). "Clematis ligusticifolia". Flora of North America North of Mexico (FNA). New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press via eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA.
  3. Nickel, Earl (2018-09-07). "Clematis vine an adaptable native with a whimsical side". San Francisco Chronicle. Archived from the original on 2018-09-08. Retrieved 2021-01-04.
  4. "Clematis". ASPCA. Retrieved 2021-01-04.
  5. Moore, Michael (2003). Medicinal Plants of the Mountain West Revised and Expanded Edition. Santa Fe: Museum of New Mexico Press. ISBN   978-0890134542.
  6. Tilford, Gregory L. (1997). Edible and Medicinal Plants of the West. Mountain Press. ISBN   0-87842-359-1.
  7. Borkent, Christopher J.; Harder, Lawrence D. (2012). "Flies (Diptera) as pollinators of two dioecious plants: behaviour and implications for plant mating". The Canadian Entomologist. 139 (2): 235–246. doi:10.4039/n05-087. ISSN   0008-347X. S2CID   86638219.

Further reading