Cloud-chasing

Last updated

E-cigarette user blowing a cloud of aerosol (vapor). Sub-ohm Vape E-Cig Cloud Chasing (26476242065).jpg
E-cigarette user blowing a cloud of aerosol (vapor).

Cloud-chasing [note 1] is the activity of blowing large clouds of vapor using an electronic cigarette. [8] Using the devices for "cloud-chasing" began in the West Coast of the US. [8] The exact origins of the activity are unclear, [9] but most competitive e-cigarette users say that it started around 2012. [10] Competitive vaping is increasing in popularity internationally, spreading from the US and Canada to Indonesia. [9] Cloud-chasing is a recreational activity [11] and a hobby. [12]

Contents

Some cloud-chasers known as "professional vapers" take part in cloud-blowing contests in what is called a "cloud competition", [8] competing against one another to exhale the largest and most interesting clouds of vapor, [13] sometimes in shapes. [14] Competitive vaping is attracting spectators, known as "cloud-gazers". [15] There are rules and judges. [16] Cloud-chasing integrates technique, air flow, and using the appropriate technology. [17] A handful of later-generation e-cigarettes are designed to create large plumes of vapor. [18] Most cloud-chasers do not use nicotine. [19] Many choose mixtures that are made without propylene glycol and nicotine, but use higher amounts of glycerin to produce larger plumes of vapor. [12] The majority of vapers go for sub ohm tanks or rebuildable atomizers for producing more vapor.[ citation needed ]

As vaping comes under increased scrutiny, some members of the vaping community have voiced their concerns about cloud-chasing, claiming the practice gives vapers a bad reputation when doing it in public. [18] Some vapers are concerned that the vaping competitions bring a stigma to vaping by making the activity appear more comparable to gaming activities. [9] Social media sites like YouTube can be used for demonstrating vape tricks. [20] There are vaping tricks competitions. [21] The participants are known as "vaping tricksters". [21]

History

Electronic cigarettes gained popularity in the US in 2007. [3] Using the devices for "cloud-chasing" began in the West Coast of the US. [8] The exact origins of the activity are unclear, [9] but most competitive e-cigarette users say that it started around 2012. [10] This activity appears to be the natural by-product of the growth of the vaping culture. [22] "When automotive manufacturers first started out, they were not thinking about a sport to be called Formula One. You always have groups of people who are looking for excitement," Hon Lik said in respect to cloud-chasing in 2015. [11]

Health concerns

Glycerin was long thought to be a safe option. However, the carcinogen formaldehyde is known as a product of propylene glycol and glycerol vapor degradation. [23]

Prevalence

Social media does have a role in cloud-chasing. [24] The traffic through social media can be significant. [24] It was well publicized around 2014, when sites such as Mashable, Gizmodo, The Guardian , and HuffPost ran featured articles on the activity. [14] In 2015, competitive vaping began increasing in popularity internationally, spreading from the US and Canada to Indonesia. [9] Vaping contests are arranged in many vape trade shows internationally. [1] Most cloud-chasers are male. [25] Most who compete in contests are men. [26] Many cloud-chasers are young teens. [27] In 2015, the competitions were becoming a routine event at local vape shops. [28] Many vape shops organize cloud-chasing events. [29] Some vape shops believe it is overdoing it to organize cloud-chasing competitions at vape shops. [30] Some vape shops lets minors watch cloud-chasing competitions even though they are not allowed to compete in the contests. [31] Cloud-chasing contests appear to be intended to bring in new shoppers and increase e-cigarette business. [30] Contests have also been held at local strip malls, [32] such as in Texas [33] and New Jersey. [34] Since 2015, almost half of vaping trade show organizations promote contests such as cloud-chasing. [35]

Recreational activity

E-cigarette user blowing a cloud of vapor. Vaping-Vape Cloud-E-Cigs (26113473285).jpg
E-cigarette user blowing a cloud of vapor.

Vapers who enjoy blowing large plumes of vapor are known as cloud-chasers. [17] Cloud-chasing is a recreational activity [11] and a hobby. [12] It is popular with many e-cigarette users. [36] There are extensive gatherings of e-cigarette users, known as "vape meets", where participants exchange devices and flavors. [37] Where there are vape meets, e-cigarette users exhibit their customized mod devices. [38] Vape meets are organized by people and businesses. [39] There are large, tiny, local, and national vape meets. [40] Many vape meets include cloud-chasing contests and vaping tricks. [41] Some cloud-chasers demonstrate their skill where anybody can notice. [42] They use devices designed to produce larger amounts of vapor. [42] There are hundreds of YouTube videos showing people engaging in blowing clouds of vapor using e-cigarettes. [43] YouTube is flooded with advice for creating large clouds of vapor. [44]

Others have been known as "flavor aficionados" who seek the ideal e-liquid and can determine a liquid by its aroma. [45] As e-cigarette use has increased, it has attracted many flavor aficionados in the US. [46] It is frequent to notice flavor aficionados put a small amount of e-liquid on their hand for a speedy taste test. [47] They assert to be capable of determining the difference between "gourmet" e-liquid and commercially promoted e-liquid. [47] Some flavor aficionados are okay with large clouds coupled with full flavor, while others think it is foolish. [47]

Competitions

Cloud-chasers

Cloud-chasers aim to exhale large or aesthetically interesting clouds of vapor Smoke Screen (16582794210).jpg
Cloud-chasers aim to exhale large or aesthetically interesting clouds of vapor

Some cloud-chasers known as "professional vapers" take part in cloud-blowing contests in what is a called a "cloud competition", [8] competing against one another to exhale the largest and most interesting clouds of vapor, [13] sometimes in shapes [14] such as rings, balls, streams, or ripples, [48] or doing tricks like the French inhale. [49] The French inhale is exhaling the vapor out of the mouth and inhaling it into the nose at the same time, forming a cloud over the upper lip. [49] Men and women participate in cloud competitions. [50] Many teenagers participate in cloud competitions. [51] Competitive vaping is attracting spectators, known as "cloud-gazers". [15]

Events

Two major cloud competitions in the US are the International Cloud Championships in California, and the World Series of Vape, in Las Vegas. [52] The World Series of Cloud Chasing contest took place in the UK in 2016. [53] The Vape Capitol Cloud Championships is one of the largest cloud contests in the US. [10] There are also competitions in New Jersey, Illinois, New Mexico, [8] and at the Vaporium in New York. [54] The Vape Olympics is an annual event that began 2015. [55] The Canadian Cloud Circuit began in Ontario, Canada in 2015. [56] VapeShow Prague took place in the Czech Republic in 2017. [57] Some consider it to be a sport [3] and it has gotten more formal over time. [58] Competitors can win prize money typically in the range of $250 to $2,000. [59] The World Vaping Championship has a total prize purse of $100,000. [60] Some regional contests offer cash winnings. [28] E-cigarette companies will frequently pay e-cigarette users who have demonstrated themselves makers of amazing clouds. [26] Tournaments are commonly sponsored by e-cigarette companies. [61] Some competitors are sponsored by e-cigarette companies. [15] This counteracts travel and equipment expenses. [9] There are also teams. [9] Some sponsors are organizing teams. [9] A Competitive Vaping League is being developed. [9] Several vape shops in Dallas, North Carolina, Los Angeles, Canada, and Indonesia are beginning to host competitions in order to promote new e-liquid flavors. [32]

Rules

There are rules and judges. [16] A list of rules are explained on a number of websites. [16] Vapers compete by standing back-to-back when blowing the cloud of vapor. [7] The clouds of vapor are evaluated on "girth, length, and overall size density". [26] The person who exhales the larger cloud of vapor moves on to the next meeting. [7] The cloud of vapor is measured using a yardstick [62] or by a ruler on the wall next to the competitor. [15] In Plano, Texas in 2015, the cloud of vapor reached about 5 feet. [9] The cloud was measured at 6 feet from another vaper. [9] The judge Matt Maynard said, "There is a skill to being able to keep a ball of vapor together without it dissipating." [9]

Usage

Customization

A customized mod e-cigarette device designed for cloud-chasing. E-Cigarette-Electronic Cigarette-E-Cigs-E-Liquid-Vaping-Cloud Chasing (16162730679).jpg
A customized mod e-cigarette device designed for cloud-chasing.

Cloud-chasing integrates technique, air flow, and using the appropriate technology. [17] A handful of later-generation e-cigarettes are designed to create large plumes of vapor. [18] The devices are customized. [63] Users experiment with numerous component combinations. [64] A growing subclass of e-cigarette enthusiasts called cloud-chasers assemble their atomizers in such a way that can produce extremely large amounts of vapor by using heating coils with a resistance of less than 1 ohm (Ω). [65]

E-cigarette blogs recommend various configurations of batteries and various kinds of e-liquid to generate the largest vapor or do the greatest tricks. [41] Vapers on Reddit, vaping forums, and blogs have indicated there is a risk associated with modifying an e-cigarette to generate more vapor. [66] [67] By using a coil with very low resistance, the batteries used can be stressed beyond the margins of what could be considered safe use. [68] This could present a risk of dangerous battery failures. [68] If an unregulated mod is not set up correctly the battery could overheat. [69] "Unless you are an expert in electrical engineering it's probably better to stick to regulated mods," according to reporter Alex Cranz. [69] A higher resistance above 0.1 ohms is recommended for onlookers and user safety. [16]

Cloud-chasers are not always interested in the nicotine released from the vapor. [19] Most cloud-chasers do not use nicotine. [19] Many choose mixtures that are made without propylene glycol and nicotine, but use higher amounts of glycerin to produce larger plumes of vapor. [12] Dripping, where the liquid is dripped directly onto the atomizer, seems to be the preferred option among vapers who take part in smoke tricks, including cloud-chasing. [70] [71] Youth state that they do not use e-liquids containing nicotine while doing vaping tricks. [41] Professor Fiona Measham, who led a smoking-related research project stated, "Among some more experienced vapers who prioritise competency in 'cloud chasing' skills, nicotine is actively avoided as it could disrupt their vaping 'performances', particularly given the quantities consumed". [54] Vape shops in the US have held classes to teach users how to build an e-cigarette that can generate large clouds of vapor. [19]

Vapor production

The majority of vapers go for sub ohm tanks or rebuildable atomizers for producing more vapor.[ citation needed ] Cig-a-likes generate considerably less vapor compared to customized mods. [1] Customized mods generate considerably more vapor compared to basic 'eGo' type devices. [72] A higher power setting by using a variable voltage device increases vapor volume. [73] Increasing airflow over the coil increasing vapor output.[ citation needed ] This requires an atomizer with an adjustable airflow.[ citation needed ] For vapers using sub ohm tanks or rebuildables with plenty of airflow, inhaling kind of quickly gets better results from the airflow.[ citation needed ] When the airflow is opened too much it creates thin and weak vapor.[ citation needed ] The way the vaper inhales can affect the vapor being created.[ citation needed ] Before exhaling cloud-chasers inhale directly into the lungs as opposed to mouth-to-lung inhaling by most vapers. [74]

Debate

As vaping comes under increased scrutiny, some members of the vaping community have voiced their concerns about cloud-chasing, claiming the practice gives vapers a bad reputation when doing it in public. [18] Long-term vapers maintain that some vaping newbies are making the industry's image look bad by exhaling large clouds in public. [18] Some vapers are concerned that the vaping competitions bring a stigma to vaping by making the activity appear more comparable to gaming activities. [9] Some vapers believe that cloud-chasers are partly responsible for the negative media attention. [18] Many vapers believe that cloud-chasers gives vaping a negative reputation, resulting in increased public opinion for regulation. [75] Selena Rockwell, working for the Council on Alcohol & Drug Abuse said "That's very concerning because it turns it more into a game." [76] Cheryl Richter, the financial secretary of the National Vapers Club said that "it gives vaping a bad name, and we don't need negative publicity." [9] Though, cloud-chasers dismiss the naysayers. [9]

Some restaurants and bars have banned e-cigarette use. [42] Others permit e-cigarette use but do not allow cloud-chasing. [42] Many vapers openly condemn the activity, saying that those who attempt to blow the large amount of vapor indoors will lead to those who are still doubtful about vaping to support restricting their use. [14] In 2016 the US Department of Transportation prohibited vaping, including cloud-chasing, on commercial flights. [77]

Vape tricks

Vaping trick known as the smoke ring. Vaping the 777 E-Hookah-E-Shisha (16268860991).jpg
Vaping trick known as the smoke ring.
Vaping trick known as the dragon. The Dragon (19388697256).jpg
Vaping trick known as the dragon.

The exhaling methods used to produce smoke rings while smoking can be employed to produce rings of aerosol while vaping. [78] Men and women use e-cigarettes to take part in various vape tricks. [79] : M  [80] : W  Teenagers use e-cigarettes to take part in tricks like blowing O's, [81] smoke rings, [82] tornado-like funnels, [31] the dragon, and various other vape tricks. [28] Several young adults said that one of the reasons they vape is for doing tricks. [83] Doing tricks is one of the main reasons teens said they vape. [31] The dragon is exhaling vapor out of the nose and mouth at the same time. [49] Other tricks include the double lasso, [84] jellyfish,[ citation needed ] and the "Push the O" move. [49] The double lasso begins with exhaling an O shape around a foot in diameter. [84] Then a smaller, quicker O up to a size of a doughnut goes through the original O, followed by a smaller O is blown through the first two O's. [84] The jellyfish is blowing smoke rings within smoke rings.[ citation needed ] The "Push the O" move is exhaling a smoke ring and pushing it aside with their hands. [49] E-cigarette users also form "vortexes" by tapping their devices to form sparkles. [54] Another vaping trick is called "a waterfall". [85] This trick involves exhaling the vapor out of the mouth and then inhaling it in through the nose. [85] Most vaping tricks are carried out using devices with large batteries. [41]

Prevalence

Vaping tricks performed by tricksters are publicized via social media, vape meets, and other places. [4] There are a number of YouTube videos showing people engaging in vape tricks using e-cigarettes. [51] Social media sites like Instagram can be used for showing off vape tricks. [20] One of the more alluring features about vaping was cloud-chasing among Instagram users. [86] Teenagers are being taught vaping tricks from one another. [28] Students put videos on social media that show them performing tricks using e-cigarettes. [87] Adolescents eagerly check out e-cigarettes on social media and YouTube where they find out about vaping tricks, among other things. [88] The increase in popularity with vape tricks is attributed to many e-cigarette users in Southern California who posted their tricks on social media online. [10]

Competitions

There are vaping tricks competitions. [21] The participants are known as "vaping tricksters". [21] There are several different types of trickster; the most common names being the Bender, the Runner, and the Spammer. [10] Benders stay put in one place and use their body parts to transform the vape they exhale into various shapes. [10] Runners typically do not stay put, and move in the direction of the vapor to form various shapes. [10] Spammers specialize in creating multiple O's. [10] The League of Clouds event is an online vaping trick contest that took place in 2016. [10] The contestants at a place they prefer were livestreaming their actions on camera at a specified time, while judges at different places made their ruling online. [10] In April 2017 Austin Lawrence, also known as "The Vape God", [89] created "some of the most insane and complicated smoke rings ever captured on film", according to Maxim. [90] Titus Edwards is known in the vaping community as Vape King for his vaping cloud skills, according to FLUX. [91] His signature maneuver is the jellyfish. [91] Vaping tricksters have been sponsored by e-liquid brands. [4]

Notes

  1. ↑ Cloud-chasing is also variously known as cloud tricks, [1] competitive vaping, [2] extreme vaping, [3] power vaping, [4] public vaping, [5] stunt vaping, [6] sub-ohm vaping, [5] or the "X Games" of vaping. [7]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tobacco smoke</span> Aerosol produced by the incomplete combustion of tobacco

Tobacco smoke is a sooty aerosol produced by the incomplete combustion of tobacco during the smoking of cigarettes and other tobacco products. Temperatures in burning cigarettes range from about 400 °C between puffs to about 900 °C during a puff. During the burning of the cigarette tobacco, thousands of chemical substances are generated by combustion, distillation, pyrolysis and pyrosynthesis. Tobacco smoke is used as a fumigant and inhalant.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Vaporizer (inhalation device)</span> Device to vaporize substances for inhalation

A vaporizer or vaporiser, colloquially known as a vape, is a device used to vaporize substances for inhalation. Plant substances can be used, commonly cannabis, tobacco, or other herbs or blends of essential oil. However, they are most commonly filled with a combination propylene glycol, glycerin, and drugs such as nicotine or tetrahydrocannabinol as a liquid solution.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nicotine replacement therapy</span> Treatment for tobacco use disorder

Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) is a medically approved way to treat people with tobacco use disorder by taking nicotine through means other than tobacco. It is used to help with quitting smoking or stopping chewing tobacco. It increases the chance of quitting tobacco smoking by about 55%. Often it is used along with other behavioral techniques. NRT has also been used to treat ulcerative colitis. Types of NRT include the adhesive patch, chewing gum, lozenges, nose spray, and inhaler. The use of multiple types of NRT at a time may increase effectiveness.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Smoke ring</span> Visible vortex ring formed by smoke in a clear atmosphere

A smoke ring is a visible vortex ring formed by smoke in a clear atmosphere.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cannabis smoking</span> Inhalation of marijuana fumes

Cannabis smoking is the inhalation of smoke or vapor released by heating the flowers, leaves, or extracts of cannabis and releasing the main psychoactive chemical, Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), which is absorbed into the bloodstream via the lungs. Archaeological evidence indicates cannabis with high levels of THC was being smoked at least 2,500 years ago. As of 2021, cannabis is the most commonly consumed federally illegal drug in the United States, with 36.4 million people consuming it monthly.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Electronic cigarette</span> Device that vaporizes a liquid nicotine solution for inhalation

An electronic cigarette (e-cigarette), or vape, is a device that simulates tobacco smoking. It consists of an atomizer, a power source such as a battery, and a container such as a cartridge or tank. Instead of smoke, the user inhales vapor. As such, using an e-cigarette is often called "vaping". The atomizer is a heating element that vaporizes a liquid solution called e-liquid, which quickly cools into an aerosol of tiny droplets, vapor and air. The vapor mainly comprises propylene glycol and/or glycerin, usually with nicotine and flavoring. Its exact composition varies, and depends on several things including user behavior.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Regulation of electronic cigarettes</span>

Regulation of electronic cigarettes varies across countries and states, ranging from no regulation to banning them entirely. As of 2015, around two thirds of major nations have regulated e-cigarettes in some way. A 2023 report by the World Health Organization (WHO) found that 34 countries had banned the sale of e-cigarettes.

Pax Labs is an American electronic vaporizer company founded in 2007 that markets the Pax vaporizers. The company developed the Juul e-cigarette. Juul Labs was spun out as a separate company in 2017.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Blu (electronic cigarette)</span> Electronic cigarette brand

Blu is an electronic cigarette brand, produced by Fontem Ventures and owned by Imperial Brands. The brand Blu sells various types of rechargeable and disposable e-cigarettes with a wide selection of flavored and unflavored liquids. Its products are available in many countries and each market offers different types of products suited to public demand and opportunities. The global headquarters of Blu is located in Amsterdam. Local offices are active around the world to service all markets which sell the brand.

The health effects of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) include a range of potential risks such as exposure to toxic chemicals, the possibility of increased likelihood of respiratory and cardiovascular diseases, and concerns about their possible role in cancer development. Upon their introduction, there were marketing claims that they were a safer alternative to traditional tobacco products.

The scientific community in the United States and Europe are primarily concerned with the possible effect of electronic cigarette use on public health. There is concern among public health experts that e-cigarettes could renormalize smoking, weaken measures to control tobacco, and serve as a gateway for smoking among youth. The public health community is divided over whether to support e-cigarettes, because their safety and efficacy for quitting smoking is unclear. Many in the public health community acknowledge the potential for their quitting smoking and decreasing harm benefits, but there remains a concern over their long-term safety and potential for a new era of users to get addicted to nicotine and then tobacco. There is concern among tobacco control academics and advocates that prevalent universal vaping "will bring its own distinct but as yet unknown health risks in the same way tobacco smoking did, as a result of chronic exposure", among other things.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Construction of electronic cigarettes</span> Engineering and chemistry of e-cigarettes

An electronic cigarette is a handheld battery-powered vaporizer that simulates smoking, but without tobacco combustion. E-cigarette components include a mouthpiece, a cartridge, a heating element/atomizer, a microprocessor, a battery, and some of them have an LED light on the end. An atomizer consists of a small heating element, or coil, that vaporizes e-liquid and a wicking material that draws liquid onto the coil. When the user inhales a flow sensor activates the heating element that atomizes the liquid solution; most devices are manually activated by a push-button. The e-liquid reaches a temperature of roughly 100–250 °C (212–482 °F) within a chamber to create an aerosolized vapor. The user inhales an aerosol, which is commonly but inaccurately called vapor, rather than cigarette smoke. Vaping is different from smoking, but there are some similarities, including the hand-to-mouth action of smoking and an aerosol that looks like cigarette smoke. The aerosol provides a flavor and feel similar to tobacco smoking. There is a learning curve to use e-cigarettes properly. E-cigarettes are cigarette-shaped, and there are many other variations. E-cigarettes that resemble pens or USB memory sticks are also sold that may be used unobtrusively.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Composition of electronic cigarette aerosol</span>

The chemical composition of the electronic cigarette aerosol varies across and within manufacturers. Limited data exists regarding their chemistry. However, researchers at Johns Hopkins University analyzed the vape clouds of popular brands such as Juul and Vuse, and found "nearly 2,000 chemicals, the vast majority of which are unidentified."

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Vape shop</span> Shop selling vaping products

A vape shop is a retail outlet specializing in the selling of vaping products, though shops selling derived psychoactive cannabis products have increased in the United States since the passage of the 2018 Farm Bill. There are also online vape shops. A vape shop offers a range of vaping products. The majority of vape shops do not sell vaping products that are from "Big Tobacco" companies. In 2013, online search engine searches on vape shops surpassed searches on e-cigarettes. Around a third of all sales of vaping products in one US state took place in vape shops. Big Tobacco believes the independent vape market is a threat to their interests.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Juul</span> American electronic cigarette manufacturer

Juul Labs, Inc. is an American electronic cigarette company that spun off from Pax Labs in 2017. The Juul electronic cigarette atomizes nicotine salts derived from tobacco supplied by one-time use cartridges.

Ray Story is the founder and owner of The United Tobacco Vapor Group (UTVG) USA as well as UTVG Europe BV, an electronic cigarette company. He is also the creator of Flavor Vapes, Premium Vapes, Vape Master Cigar, Wanna Vape, and E-Hitter, all of which are brands under the UTVG name. The company's products are sold globally online and in store.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pod mod</span> Type of electronic cigarette

Pod mods are a type of electronic cigarette used to vape nicotine through a mouthpiece connected to the body of the device by magnets. These devices are a newer generation of e-cigarettes that are often marketed to a younger crowd that do not wish to attract attention gained through regular e-cigarettes or traditional tobacco-burning cigarettes. Pod mods contain a disposable cartridge and coils.

Exposure to nicotine, from conventional or electronic cigarettes during adolescence can impair the developing human brain. E-cigarette use is recognized as a substantial threat to adolescent behavioral health. The use of tobacco products, no matter what type, is almost always started and established during adolescence when the developing brain is most vulnerable to nicotine addiction. Young people's brains build synapses faster than adult brains. Because addiction is a form of learning, adolescents can get addicted more easily than adults. The nicotine in e-cigarettes can also prime the adolescent brain for addiction to other drugs such as cocaine. Exposure to nicotine and its great risk of developing an addiction, are areas of significant concern.

Electronic cigarettes are marketed to smoking and non-smoking men, women, and children as being safer than cigarettes. In the 2010s, large tobacco businesses accelerated their marketing spending on vape products, similar to the strategies traditional cigarette companies used in the 1950s and 1960s.

Nicotine salts are salts formed from nicotine and an acid. They are found naturally in tobacco leaves. Various acids can be used, leading to different conjugate bases paired with the ammonium form of nicotine.

References

  1. 1 2 3 Simon Rosselat (May 17, 2016). "Cloud tricks among youngs: A new socialization of vaping". Vaping Post.
  2. ↑ Kaila Hale-Stern (April 24, 2015). "Vaping Now Has a Competitive Sport Called "Cloud Chasing"". Gizmodo.
  3. 1 2 3 Ayana Harry (April 29, 2015). "Cloud chasing: The world of competitive 'vaping'". WPIX.
  4. 1 2 3 Jérôme Harlay (October 6, 2016). "Popularity of subohm kits drags juice sales to low nicotine strength". Vaping Post.
  5. 1 2 Mike Pearl (April 16, 2014). "Our E-Cigarettes Are Going to Melt Our Faces and Burn Our Houses Down". Vice .
  6. ↑ Dave Kriegel (July 4, 2015). "Cloud Chasing 101". Vaping360.
  7. 1 2 3 Eric Larson (August 2, 2014). "Behind the Scenes at the 'X Games' of Vaping". Mashable.
  8. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Dominique Mosbergen (August 5, 2014). "This Man Is An Athlete In The Sport Of 'Cloud Chasing'". HuffPost .
  9. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Mickle, Tripp (April 22, 2015). "Take a Deep Breath if You Want to Try Competitive Vaping". The Wall Street Journal .
  10. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Disha Raychaudhuri (October 28, 2016). "Cloud Chasing Competitive Vapers Make Smoke Into Sculptures". LA Weekly .
  11. 1 2 3 Martinne Geller (June 9, 2015). "Interview: E-cigs a 'consumer-driven' revolution born from a bad dream". Reuters. Archived from the original on December 27, 2015.
  12. 1 2 3 4 Rebecca Burn-Callander (May 5, 2015). "Are you a vanilla custard cloud chaser?". The Daily Telegraph .
  13. 1 2 "Electronic cigarettes could have a huge effect on public health". The Conversation US, Inc. June 20, 2016.
  14. 1 2 3 4 Jess Malia (August 12, 2016). "Yes, There is Such a Thing as Competitive Vaping". HuffPost United Kingdom.
  15. 1 2 3 4 Info Tec Staff (April 27, 2015). "Vaping Competitions Heat Up with the Help of Sponsors and Large Cash Prizes". Info Tech.
  16. 1 2 3 4 Lauren Randall (February 3, 2016). "Northwest Arkansas Vaping Scene Gains Popularity". The Arkansas Traveler.
  17. 1 2 3 Leah Sottile (October 8, 2014). "The Right to Vape". The Atlantic .
  18. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Victoria Bekiempis (April 1, 2015). "Veteran E-Cigarette Users Fret 'Cloud Chasers' Give Them a Bad Name". Newsweek . Reuters.
  19. 1 2 3 4 Laurie Merrill (April 16, 2014). "E-cigarette smokers are chasing clouds". AZCentral.
  20. 1 2 The Mash (September 29, 2015). "Vape Culture Attracts Teens, Poses Harmful Risks". HuffPost .
  21. 1 2 3 4 "Watch the UK's most impressive VAPER show off his skills". Express & Star. May 16, 2016.
  22. ↑ Jené Gutierrez (August 30, 2015). "I went to a vape conference to mock it—then the vapers changed my mind". The Daily Dot .
  23. ↑ Lestari, Kusuma S.; Humairo, Mika Vernicia; Agustina, Ukik (July 11, 2018). "Formaldehyde Vapor Concentration in Electronic Cigarettes and Health Complaints of Electronic Cigarettes Smokers in Indonesia". Journal of Environmental and Public Health. 2018: 1–6. doi: 10.1155/2018/9013430 . ISSN   1687-9805. PMC   6076960 . PMID   30105059.
  24. 1 2 Phil Oscarson (June 9, 2017). "The Rising Popularity of the Sport of Cloud Chasing". Inside Pulse.
  25. ↑ Andrew Shanahan (April 23, 2015). "Vaping: it's like smoking, only more manly". The Daily Telegraph.
  26. 1 2 3 Jené Gutierrez (December 11, 2015). "Of course vaping is now a professional sport". The Daily Dot.
  27. ↑ Lois M. Collins (November 1, 2015). "Teens and e-cigarettes: cool or calamity?". The Oklahoman . Deseret Digital Media.
  28. 1 2 3 4 Jilian Mincer (May 1, 2015). "As youth vaping rises, teens cite the allure of tricks". Reuters.
  29. ↑ Sussman, Steve; Allem, Jon-Patrick; Garcia, Jocelyn; Unger, Jennifer B.; Cruz, Tess Boley; Garcia, Robert; Baezconde-Garbanati, Lourdes (2016). "Who walks into vape shops in Southern California?: a naturalistic observation of customers". Tobacco Induced Diseases. 14 (1): 18. doi: 10.1186/s12971-016-0082-y . ISSN   1617-9625. PMC   4880826 . PMID   27231480.
  30. 1 2 Eliza Harrison (June 11, 2015). "Though unregulated, e-cigarette culture grows". The Santa Fe New Mexican .
  31. 1 2 3 Join Together Staff (May 7, 2015). "Vaping Tricks Increase Teens' Attraction to E-Cigarettes". Partnership for Drug-Free Kids.
  32. 1 2 "E-Cigarette Vaping Has Become a Competitive Sport". Headlines & Global News. April 23, 2015.
  33. ↑ Jimmy Maas (May 13, 2016). "Hidden in the Haze of 'Cloud Chasing,' a Spirit of Healthy Competition". Texas Standard.
  34. ↑ Craig McCarthy (April 22, 2015). "Competitive vaping? Yeah, that's a thing now, and it's come to N.J." NJ.com.
  35. ↑ Williams, Rebecca S (2015). "VapeCons: E-cigarette user conventions". Journal of Public Health Policy. 36 (4): 440–451. doi:10.1057/jphp.2015.31. ISSN   0197-5897. PMC   4641520 . PMID   26424201.
  36. ↑ Team Spinfuel (May 10, 2016). "Sub-Ohm – Plus-Ohm Vaping". Spinfuel eMagazine.
  37. ↑ John Marshall (October 30, 2014). "10 Things You Didn't Know About Vaping". Group Nine Media.
  38. ↑ Barney Shaw (September 7, 2017). The Smell of Fresh Rain: The Unexpected Pleasures of our Most Elusive Sense. Icon Books Limited. pp. 113–. ISBN   978-1-78578-114-8.
  39. ↑ Stephanie Chuang (October 1, 2013). "Growing Use of Vaporizers Alarms Health Officials". KNTV.
  40. ↑ David Desrosiers (February 27, 2014). "Malice Doll of the National Vapers Club". Spinfuel eMagazine.
  41. 1 2 3 4 Pepper, Jessica K.; Lee, Youn Ok; Watson, Kimberly A.; Kim, Annice E.; Nonnemaker, James M.; Farrelly, Matthew C. (2017). "Risk Factors for Youth E-Cigarette "Vape Trick" Behavior". Journal of Adolescent Health. 61 (5): 599–605. doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2017.05.010. ISSN   1054-139X. PMID   28712592.
  42. 1 2 3 4 Beth Balen (April 2, 2014). "Cloud Chasers: Extreme Vapers". Liberty Voice.
  43. ↑ Matt Durnan (December 23, 2015). "After the smoke clears: Inside vaping culture". Sudbury.com. Laurentian Publishing.
  44. ↑ Josh Shaffer (May 29, 2015). "Raleigh vapers to duel for the biggest cloud". The News & Observer .
  45. ↑ John Pacenti (April 9, 2017). "Is vaping hazardous to your health? The debate rages". Grand Haven Tribune . Archived from the original on February 12, 2019. Retrieved June 3, 2020.
  46. ↑ Lauren A. Williams (September 15, 2015). "The vape debate: Is it good or bad for Orange County to be the 'Silicon Valley' of vaping?". Orange County Register .
  47. 1 2 3 Raymond Padilla (October 21, 2016). "Stereotypical vapers: 10 types of vapers you probably know". Vaping360.
  48. ↑ Eva Moore (August 17, 2016). "The Great Vape Debate". Free Times. Evening Post Industries. Archived from the original on August 21, 2016. Retrieved August 26, 2016.
  49. 1 2 3 4 5 Anna Harris (July 23, 2015). "Blowing off steam: Loudoun vape culture emerges around e-cig businesses". Loudoun Times-Mirror. Virginia News Group newspaper.
  50. ↑ Lisa Sanchez (May 3, 2016). "Dope Or Dumb- Competitive Vaping Is Apparently A Thing". KLAQ El Paso.
  51. 1 2 Ted Ranosa (May 3, 2015). "What Lures Teens Into Using E-Cigarettes? Flavors And Smoke Tricks". Tech Times.
  52. ↑ Gavin Haynes (April 22, 2015). "Daft vapers: the competitive world of e-cigarette smoking". The Guardian .
  53. ↑ Jeri Chadwell-Singley (April 14, 2016). "Planet of the vapes". News & Review . Chico Community Publishing, Inc.
  54. 1 2 3 Jamie Doward; Harriet Agerholm (May 14, 2016). "It's not nicotine, it's the smoke tricks young vapers love". The Guardian.
  55. ↑ Maria Lewczyk (September 8, 2016). "We Went to the Vape Olympics So You Didn't Have To". flagpole.
  56. ↑ Erik Mclaren (August 25, 2016). "We Went to Toronto's Vape Olympics, Which Might Be the Last of its Kind in Ontario". Torontoist .
  57. ↑ Wilk Vatroslawski (2017). "Czechs Are Going Crazy For Vaping At Awesome 'VapeShow' In Prague". Slavorum.
  58. ↑ herbertp343 (April 20, 2017). "Vaping Has a Sport, and It's Called "Cloud Chasing"". BrooWaha. Archived from the original on June 27, 2017.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  59. ↑ Samantha Dupler (April 23, 2015). "Competitive Vaping Is The Latest Extreme Sport And Other Facts". Digg. Archived from the original on June 20, 2015. Retrieved June 20, 2015.
  60. ↑ "Morecambe shop sees e-cigs as a social phenomenon". Lancashire Evening Post. May 17, 2016.
  61. ↑ Shan Juan, Wang Xiaodong (October 13, 2015). "Tougher controls urged for e-cigarettes". China Daily .
  62. ↑ Joyce Frieden (May 8, 2015). "Are E-Cigs a Gateway to Smoking?". MedPage Today.
  63. ↑ Cathy Cabrera (August 6, 2014). "Vaping Becomes A Sport With Professional Vapers Puffing Giant Cloud Smoke". Daily OffBeat. Archived from the original on June 12, 2015.
  64. ↑ "E-Cigarettes and Vaping, a Healthier Alternative to Smoking?". Wingman Magazine. Red Snapper Publishing GmbH. 2016.
  65. ↑ Mary Plass (January 29, 2014). "The Cloud Chasers". Vape Magazine.
  66. ↑ Anthony J. Ottomanelli II (September 2, 2015). "Vaping Loud by Chasing Clouds". Vape Magazine.
  67. ↑ Donald, Mark. "Tvape's survey" . Retrieved April 11, 2024.
  68. 1 2 Sean Cooper (May 23, 2014). "What you need to know about vaporizers". Engadget.
  69. 1 2 Alex Cranz (May 23, 2016). "Gizmodo's Ultimate Guide to Vaping". Gizmodo.
  70. ↑ Salynn Boyles (February 6, 2017). "Survey: 'Dripping' Common Among Teen E-Cig Users". MedPage Today.
  71. ↑ "VNSN Quake Pro 14000" . Retrieved August 24, 2024.
  72. ↑ Jack Tomlin (July 7, 2016). "The Best Box Mods: Next-Level Vaping Beyond E Cigs". Gizmodo.
  73. ↑ David Mason (September 5, 2020). "What Is Sub Ohm Vaping". Vape and Juice.
  74. ↑ Jérôme Harlay (September 21, 2016). "Expert advice: Power vapers should be careful with high power". Vaping Post.
  75. ↑ Barry J. Babin; Eric Harris (January 12, 2015). CB7. Cengage Learning. p. 139. ISBN   978-1-305-53397-4.
  76. ↑ Janene Scully (February 28, 2016). "As Vaping Use Grows Among Teens, Public Health Groups Try to Clear the Air on Dangers". Noozhawk.
  77. ↑ Peter Rugg (March 3, 2016). "U.S. Department of Transportation Bans Vaping on All Commercial Flights". Inverse .
  78. ↑ Soneji, Samir; Barrington-Trimis, Jessica L.; Wills, Thomas A.; Leventhal, Adam M.; Unger, Jennifer B.; Gibson, Laura A.; Yang, JaeWon; Primack, Brian A.; Andrews, Judy A.; Miech, Richard A.; Spindle, Tory R.; Dick, Danielle M.; Eissenberg, Thomas; Hornik, Robert C.; Dang, Rui; Sargent, James D. (2017). "Association Between Initial Use of e-Cigarettes and Subsequent Cigarette Smoking Among Adolescents and Young Adults". JAMA Pediatrics. 171 (8): 788–797. doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2017.1488. ISSN   2168-6203. PMC   5656237 . PMID   28654986.
  79. ↑ Team Spinfuel (August 27, 2016). "VGOD Trick Tank Review". Spinfuel eMagazine.
  80. ↑ Chris Mellides (August 26, 2016). "Vape Vixen – Amy Hanks: Vape Enthusiast And Friend To The Community". Vape News Magazine.
  81. ↑ Alexandra Pannoni (May 26, 2014). "Teen E-Cigarette Use a Growing Concern for Parents, School Officials". U.S. News & World Report .
  82. ↑ Bay Area News Group (February 7, 2014). "Bay Area school districts rewrite tobacco policies to counter teen e-cigarette use". Contra Costa Times .
  83. ↑ Wagoner, Kimberly G.; Cornacchione, Jennifer; Wiseman, Kimberly D.; Teal, Randall; Moracco, Kathryn E.; Sutfin, Erin L. (2016). "E-cigarettes, Hookah Pens and Vapes: Adolescent and Young Adult Perceptions of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems: Table 1". Nicotine & Tobacco Research. 18 (10): 2006–2012. doi:10.1093/ntr/ntw095. ISSN   1462-2203. PMC   5016844 . PMID   27029821.
  84. 1 2 3 Chris Gayomali (April 12, 2017). "How the Internet Birthed a Young Vape God". GQ .
  85. 1 2 Lee, Alexander; Hart, Joy; Sears, Clara; Walker, Kandi; Siu, Allison; Smith, Courteney (2017). "A picture is worth a thousand words: Electronic cigarette content on Instagram and Pinterest". Tobacco Prevention & Cessation. 3 (July). doi:10.18332/tpc/74709. ISSN   2459-3087. PMC   5555611 . PMID   28815224.
  86. ↑ Jon-Patrick Allem (June 29, 2018). "Is Juul making it easy for kids to vape in school? New study suggests yes". The Conversation .
  87. ↑ Kate Zernike (April 24, 2018). "F.D.A. Cracks Down on 'Juuling' Among Teenagers". The New York Times .
  88. ↑ Modesto-Lowe, Vania; Alvarado, Camille (2017). "E-cigs . . . Are They Cool? Talking to Teens About E-Cigarettes". Clinical Pediatrics. 56 (10): 947–952. doi:10.1177/0009922817705188. ISSN   0009-9228. PMID   28443340. S2CID   44423931.
  89. ↑ Clayton Purdom (April 13, 2017). "Get to know the world's greatest vaper". The A.V. Club . The Onion.
  90. ↑ Thomas Freeman (April 14, 2017). "How This 21 Year Old Became Instagram's Millennial 'Vape God' and Started Smoking Up With Drake". Maxim .
  91. 1 2 Alexa Wang (May 8, 2019). "A history of the coolest vape tricksters". FLUX.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.