The Congress of the Union, formally known as the General Congress of the United Mexican States, is the legislature of the federal government of Mexico consisting of two chambers: the Senate of the Republic and the Chamber of Deputies. Its 628 members meet in Mexico City.
Parallel voting is a type of mixed electoral system in which representatives are voted into a single chamber using two or more different systems, most often first-past-the-post voting (FPTP) with party-list proportional representation (PR). It is the most common form of mixed member majoritarian representation (MMM), which is why these terms are often used synonymously with each other. In some countries, parallel voting is known as the supplementary member (SM) system, while in academic literature it is sometimes called the superposition method within mixed systems.
The Senate of the Republic, constitutionally Chamber of Senators of the Honorable Congress of the Union, is the upper house of Mexico's bicameral Congress. It currently consists of 128 members, who serve six-year terms.
The National Congress of Brazil is the legislative body of Brazil's federal government. Unlike the state legislative assemblies and municipal chambers, the Congress is bicameral, composed of the Federal Senate and the Chamber of Deputies. The Congress meets annually in Brasília from 2 February to 22 December, with a mid-term break taking place between 17 July and 1 August.
Elections in Mexico are held every 6 years to elect a president and every 3 years to elect a legislature. These elections determine who, on the national level, takes the position of the head of state – the president – as well as the legislature.
There are four types of elections in Spain: general elections, elections to the legislatures of the autonomous communities, local elections and elections to the European Parliament. General elections and elections to the legislatures of the autonomous communities are called after the mandate of the national or regional legislature expires, usually four years after the last election, although early elections may occur. Elections to local councils and to the European Parliament are held on fixed dates but some local government bodies are not directly elected. For most elections party list PR is used, but the plurality system is used for the Senate.
The Chamber of Deputies is the lower house of the bicameral Parliament of Italy. The two houses together form a perfect bicameral system, meaning they perform identical functions, but do so separately. The Chamber of Deputies has 630 members. Pursuant to the amended article 56 of the Italian Constitution, the Chamber of Deputies will have 400 seats following the next election, of which 392 will be elected from Italian constituencies, and 8 from Italian citizens living abroad. Deputies are styled The Honourable and meet at Palazzo Montecitorio.
Brazil elects on the national level a head of state—the president—and a legislature. The president is elected to a four-year term by absolute majority vote through a two-round system. The National Congress has two chambers. The Chamber of Deputies has 513 members, elected to a four-year term by proportional representation. The Federal Senate has 81 members, elected to an eight-year term, with elections every four years for alternatively one-third and two-thirds of the seats. Brazil has a multi-party system, with such numerous parties that often no one party has a chance of gaining power alone, and so they must work with each other to form coalition governments.
Jesús Ricardo Canavati Tafich is a Mexican politician affiliated with the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI). He currently serves in the Chamber of Deputies of the Mexican Congress as an Ecologist Green Party of Mexico proportional representation deputy.
The Mexico City Congress is the legislative branch of government of the Mexico City. Between 1988 and 1993, it was known as the Assembly of Representatives of the Federal District, during which period it had reduced powers with respect to the current body.
The Congress of the State of Jalisco is the legislative branch of the government of the State of Jalisco. It was constituted for the first time after the independence of Mexico on September 8, 1823. Having its first session on September 14 of the same year. The Congress is the governmental deliberative body of Jalisco, which is equal to, and independent of, the executive.
A local election was held in the Mexican State of Sonora on Sunday, July 2, 2006. Voters went to the polls to elect, on the local level:
The Congress of the State of Guanajuato is the legislative branch of the government of the State of Guanajuato. The Congress is the governmental deliberative body of Guanajuato, which is equal to, and independent of, the executive.
The Congress of the State of Colima is the legislative branch of the government of the State of Colima. The Congress of Colima is a unicameral legislature.
The Honorable Congress of the State of Tabasco is the legislative branch of the government of the State of Tabasco. The Congress is the governmental deliberative body of Tabasco, which is equal to, and independent of, the executive. It is located in front of the Plaza de Armas, in the historic center of the city of Villahermosa, capital of the state.
The Congress of the State of Yucatán, or simply the Congress of Yucatán, is the legislative branch of the government of the State of Yucatán. The Congress is the governmental deliberative body of Yucatán, which is equal to, and independent of, the executive. The Congress of Yucatán is a unicameral legislature.
The Federal government of Mexico is the national government of the United Mexican States, the central government established by its constitution to share sovereignty over the republic with the governments of the 31 individual Mexican states, and to represent such governments before international bodies such as the United Nations. The Mexican federal government has three branches: executive, legislative, and judicial and functions per the Constitution of the United Mexican States, as enacted in 1917, and as amended. The executive power is exercised by the executive branch, which is headed by the president and his Cabinet, which, together, are independent of the legislature. Legislative power is vested upon the Congress of the Union, a bicameral legislature comprising the Senate and the Chamber of Deputies. Judicial power is exercised by the judiciary, consisting of the Supreme Court of Justice of the Nation, the Council of the Federal Judiciary, and the collegiate, unitary, and district courts.
The Honorable Congress of the State of Guerrero is the legislative branch of the government of the State of Guerrero. The Congress is the governmental deliberative body of Guerrero, which is equal to, and independent of, the executive.
Manuel Jesús Clouthier Carrillo is a Mexican politician. From 2009 to 2012, and again since 2015, he has served as Deputy of the LXI and LXIII Legislature of the Mexican Congress representing Sinaloa. For the final four months of his term in the LXI Legislature and again in the LXIII Legislature, he served as an independent after his resignation from the PAN. He was the only deputy elected as an independent to the LXIII Legislature.
Jorge Carlos Ramírez Marín is a Mexican politician from the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI), who since September 2018, serves as a Senator to the LXIV Legislature of the Mexican Congress for the state of Yucatán. He also has served as the Secretary of Agricultural, Territorial and Urban Development of Mexico and as Deputy of the LXIII and LXI Legislatures, representing his home state of Yucatán and the third electoral region.
