Danio

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Danio
Kerabat Ikan Zebra.jpg
Celestial pearl danio (D. margaritatus), emerald dwarf rasbora (D. erythromicron), glowlight danio (D. choprae), D. aff. albolineatus, Gold-ring danio (D. tinwini), dwarf danio (D. nigrofasciatus), D. aff. kyathit, D. kyathit , panther danio (D. aesculapii)
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Cypriniformes
Family: Cyprinidae
Subfamily: Danioninae
Genus: Danio
F. Hamilton, 1822
Type species
Cyprinus (Danio) dangila
Hamilton, 1822
Synonyms
  • BrachydanioWeber & de Beaufort, 1916
  • AllodanioH. M. Smith, 1945
  • CelestichthysRoberts, 2007

Danio is a genus of small freshwater fish in the family Cyprinidae found in South and Southeast Asia, commonly kept in aquaria. [1] They are generally characterised by a pattern of horizontal stripes, rows of spots or vertical bars. [1] Some species have two pairs of long barbels. Species of this genus consume various small aquatic insects, crustaceans and worms.

Contents

Taxonomy

The name "danio" comes from the Bangla name dhani, meaning "of the rice field". Danio was described in the early 19th century by Francis Hamilton. Two of the species included by him in the genus, still remain validD. dangila and D. rerio. About a century later (1916) and with many more species described in the meantime, the genus was split; the larger species into Danio and the smaller species into the genus Brachydanio. [2] In 1991, though, the two genera were recombined; most larger species formerly within the genus Danio have now been reclassified into the genus Devario . Also, Brachydanio is now a junior synonym of Danio. [3]

Species

There are currently 27 recognized species in this genus: [1]

Moustached danio (D. dangila) Danio dangila (cropped).jpg
Moustached danio (D. dangila)
D. jaintianensis Danio jaintianensis (cropped).jpg
D. jaintianensis
Blue danio (D. kerri) Danio kerri (cropped).jpg
Blue danio (D. kerri)
Meghalaya danio (D. meghalayensis) Danio meghalayensis (cropped).jpg
Meghalaya danio (D. meghalayensis)
Zebra danio (D. rerio) Zebradanio-P1219668 (cropped).jpg
Zebra danio (D. rerio)
Rose danio (D. roseus) Danio roseus (cropped).jpg
Rose danio (D. roseus)
(D. sysphigmatus) Danio sysphigmatus (cropped).jpg
( D. sysphigmatus )

Related Research Articles

<i>Devario</i> Genus of fishes

Devario is a genus of fish in the family Cyprinidae native to the rivers and streams of South and Southeast Asia. These fishes have short barbels and many species having vertical or horizontal stripes. These species consume various small, aquatic insects, crustaceans and worms, as well as, in the case of fry, plankton.

<i>Rasbora</i> Genus of fishes

Rasbora is a genus of fish in the family Cyprinidae. They are native to freshwater habitats in South and Southeast Asia, as well as southeast China. A single species, R. gerlachi, is only known from an old specimen that reputedly originated from Africa (Cameroon), but this locality is considered doubtful. They are small, up to 17 cm (6.7 in) long, although most species do not surpass 10 cm (4 in) and many have a dark horizontal stripe.

The black-barred danio is a species of Danio discovered in Myanmar by Tin Win in 2005 and described in 2015 by Sven Oscar Kullander and Ralf Britz.

<i>Microrasbora</i> Genus of fishes

Microrasbora is a genus of small fishes. The generic name means "small Rasbora", however these are more closely related to the danios than rasboras. They inhabit freshwater in Myanmar and Yunnan, China.

<i>Danionella</i> Genus of fishes

Danionella is a genus of danionin fish found in freshwater habitats in Myanmar and West Bengal, India. It includes some of the smallest fishes.

<i>Microdevario kubotai</i> Species of fish

Microdevario kubotai is a species of cyprinid found in southeast Asian rivers and streams. It belongs to the genus Microdevario, which contains small danionins. The type locality is in Ranong Province, Peninsular Thailand. It is also known from the adjacent Phang Nga Province and the Ataran basin in Myanmar. It likely occurs elsewhere in the region and an introduced population exists in the Songgaria River. It reaches up to 1.9 cm (0.75 in) in length, the maximum length can reach 2.5 cm (0.98 in).

<i>Danio erythromicron</i> Species of fish

Danio erythromicron, often known as emerald dwarf danio and emerald dwarf rasbora, is a species of cyprinid fish which is endemic to Inle Lake in Myanmar.

<i>Microdevario</i> Genus of fishes

Microdevario is a small genus of danionin cyprinids. It was recently described to include species previously in the genus Microrasbora. These small freshwater fish are native to Burma (Myanmar) and adjacent parts of Thailand, and reach up to 1.5–2.3 cm (0.6–0.9 in) in length depending on the exact species involved.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Least rasbora</span> Species of fish

The least rasbora or exclamation point rasbora is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Boraras, native to freshwater habitats in mainland southeast Asia. This species is very small, ranging from 12 to 16 mm.

<i>Danio tinwini</i> Species of fish

Danio tinwini, commonly called gold-ring danio, is a newly discovered species of Danio from Myanmar. It is also referred to as Danio sp. "TW02". It is a tiny gold fish whose body and fins are covered with blue spots. It has also been referred to as Danio sp "Ringlet" or Danio sp "Blue Ring". It has been described by Kullander and Fang, based on collection by Mr U Tin Win, hence its species name. It is known only from the Mogaung Chaung, Myitkyina District, Kachin State, northern Myanmar. This is a tributary of the Irrawaddy River.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Danionin</span> Subfamily of fishes

The danionins are a group of small, minnow-type fish belonging to the family Cyprinidae. Species of this group are in the genera clades Danio and Devario, based on the latest phylo-genetic research by Fang et al in 2009. They are primarily native to the fresh waters of South and Southeast Asia, with fewer species in Africa. Many species are brightly coloured and are available as aquarium fish worldwide. Fishes of the danio clade tend to have horizontal stripes, rows of spots, or vertical bars, and often have long barbels. Species within the devario clade tend to have vertical or horizontal bars, and short, rudimentary barbels, if present at all. All danionins are egg scatterers, and breed in the rainy season in the wild. They are carnivores, living on insects and small crustaceans.

<i>Pethia</i> Genus of fishes

Pethia is a genus of small freshwater fish in the family Cyprinidae native to South Asia, East Asia and Mainland Southeast Asia. Some species are commonly seen in the aquarium trade. The name Pethia is derived from the Sinhalese "pethia", a generic word used to describe any of several small species of cyprinid fishes. Most members of this genus were included in Puntius, until it was revised in 2012.

<i>Badis</i> (fish) Genus of fishes

Badis is a genus of freshwater fish in the family Badidae found in South Asia, Southeast Asia and China. These species have a sharp spine on the opercle, soft and spinous parts of the dorsal fin contiguous, three spines in the anal fin, tubed pores in the lateral line, villiform teeth and a rounded caudal fin. In addition, they differ from the related genus Dario by being larger and displaying more involved parental care.

<i>Laubuka</i> Genus of fishes

Laubuka is a genus of cyprinid fish found in South and Southeast Asia.

Danio annulosus is a species of Chain danio fish in the family Cyprinidae in Danio genus. The species is named and described jointly by Sven O Kullander, M.D Mizanur Rahman, Michael Noren and Abdur Rob Mollah in 2015 in association with the Department of Zoology, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Sweden and the Department of Zoology, University of Dhaka, Bangladesh. The study and paper on Danio annulosus was published in ZooTaxa both online and in print in the same year (2015). It was collected from a small pool at the bottom of the Shuvolong Falls in the Kaptai Lake system in Rangamati district in the Chittagong division, Bangladesh. The species name annulosus is derived from the neo-Latin word meaning "ringed", from the color pattern on the side of the fish which resembles a pattern of dark rings.

Microdevario gatesi is a species of cyprinid found in southeast Asian rivers and streams. It belongs to the genus Microdevario, which contains small danionins. It is endemic to the lower Irrawaddy River drainage in south central Myanmar. It reaches up to 2.3 cm (0.91 in) in length.

Microdevario nana is a species of cyprinid found endemic to Myanmar. It belongs to the genus Microdevario, which contains small danionins. It reaches up to 1.9 cm (0.75 in) in length.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Red dwarf rasbora</span> Species of fish

Red dwarf rasbora is a species of cyprinid found endemic to Lake Inle in Shan State in Myanmar. It belongs to the genus Microrasbora, which contains two small species of danionins.

Fang Fang Kullander, née Fang Fang, was a Swedish-Chinese ichthyologist.

References

  1. 1 2 3 Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Species in genus Danio". FishBase . March 2017 version.
  2. Spence, R., Gerlach, G., Lawrence, C. & Smith, C. (2007): The behaviour and ecology of the zebrafish, Danio rerio. Biological Reviews, 83 (1): 13–34.
  3. Fang, F. (2003): Phylogenetic Analysis of the Asian Cyprinid Genus Danio (Teleostei, Cyprinidae). Copeia, 2003 (4): 714–728.
  4. 1 2 Kullander, S.O. & Britz, R. (2015): Description of Danio absconditus, new species, and redescription of Danio feegradei (Teleostei: Cyprinidae), from the Rakhine Yoma hotspot in south-western Myanmar. Zootaxa, 3948 (2): 233–247.
  5. Kullander, S.O., Rahman, M.M., Norén, M. & Mollah, A.R. (2015): Danio annulosus, a new species of chain Danio from the Shuvolong Falls in Bangladesh (Teleostei: Cyprinidae: Danioninae). Zootaxa, 3994 (1): 53–68.
  6. 1 2 3 4 Kullander, S.O. (2015): Taxonomy of chain Danio, an Indo-Myanmar species assemblage, with descriptions of four new species (Teleostei: Cyprinidae). Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters, 25 (4): 357–380.
  7. 1 2 Kullander, S.O. (2012): Description of Danio flagrans, and redescription of D. choprae, two closely related species from the Ayeyarwaddy River drainage in northern Myanmar (Teleostei: Cyprinidae). Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters, 23 (3): 245–262.
  8. Kullander, S.O. & Norén, M. (2016): Danio htamanthinus (Teleostei: Cyprinidae), a new species of miniature cyprinid fish from the Chindwin River in Myanmar. Zootaxa, 4178 (4): 535–546.