David A. Hansell [1] is an American advocate and expert on public policy and programs that provide assistance to vulnerable populations. He started his career in public service in the late 1980s as an advocate for New York City's HIV-positive population. [2] He then joined the City government, where he was quickly recognized for his talent for modernizing government programs, and developing innovative methods for creating economic opportunities and sustainable supports for poor and working-class families. [3]
In time, this led to Hansell's supervising social service and economic support programs in the State of New York. He then became Federal administrator of the agency whose responsibilities include the U.S. Welfare-to-Work Program, known as Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF). [4]
Hansell is a native of Cleveland, Ohio. He earned a B.A. in Psychology from Haverford College, [5] followed by a J.D. from Yale Law School. [6]
He started his professional career as an aide to U.S. Senator Donald Riegle, Jr. (D-Michigan), then as an aide to U.S. Senator Carl Levin (D-Michigan). [5]
In the late 1980s, Hansell joined New York City's Gay Men's Health Crisis (GMHC). As the director of legal services, then later as deputy executive director for government and public affairs, [7] he worked on policy and legislation critical to the rights, health, and well-being of people who tested positive for HIV. [8] This included a law to prohibit health insurers from denying insurance coverage to people who tested positive for HIV, or forcing those seeking insurance to take an HIV test. [8] Other notable legislation included a law requiring the State of New York to pay the health insurance premiums of people with HIV. [9]
In 1997, Hansell joined the New York City Health Department as Associate Commissioner for HIV Services, then later became Associate Commissioner in Planning and Program Implementation. [6]
In 2002, he moved over to the New York City Human Resources Administration (HRA) as chief of staff. [6] HRA is the largest municipal social services agency in the U.S. It serves approximately three million clients directly across its multiple programs and is the local administrator of the TANF program.
When Hansell was chief of staff, HRA implemented significant “second generation” reforms to improve delivery of services. These included “VendorStat,” a vendor quality control program for job training as well as other contracts; and WeCare, a program providing clients with medical and/or mental health barriers with customized services so that they can get and keep jobs and become self-sufficient.
In February 2017, Mayor Bill de Blasio named Hansell as the Commissioner of the Administration for Children's Services to replace Gladys Carrion, who had recently resigned. [10]
As ACS Commissioner, Hansell has worked to improve the overall agency by hiring at least 600 new child protective workers, reducing the caseload from 14.8 in May 2017 down to 12 as of February 2018. Commissioner Hansell also increased the number of Investigative Consultants on staff by 28%. [11] Moreover, under his leadership, ACS provided tablets to over 2,000 field employees so they can be more efficient out in the field rather than having to return to a computer. [12]
Commissioner Hansell also created a new division at ACS, the Division of Child and Family Well-Being, making NYC ACS the first child welfare agency in the country to spearhead a new “primary prevention” approach, which seeks to reach families proactively with services and resources that can support healthy children, families and communities. [11]
After leaving ACS in 2021, Hansell joined Casey Family Programs, the nation’s largest operating foundation dedicated to reducing the need for foster care, as Senior Advisor for Child Welfare Policy. In that capacity, he works with federal, state and local child welfare leadership to improve services to children and families. [13]
Governor Eliot Spitzer named Hansell commissioner of the Office of Temporary and Disability Assistance (OTDA) in 2007, [5] putting him in charge of the second largest state TANF program in the United States. OTDA also supervises economic support programs, including food stamps, for poor and working class individuals and families in New York's sixty-two counties [14]
Based on his experiences in the city, Hansell initiated a range of innovative employment-focused programs. [15] These included a transitional jobs program, career pathways program, and WorkPays New York. WorkPays enlists employers as access points for enrolling low-wage workers in benefit programs. Hansell also launched New York State’s first Internet portal for clients to apply for multiple government benefit programs: myBenefits.
After running two of the largest local and state TANF programs in the United States, Hansell joined the administration of President Barack Obama. [12] The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), Administration for Children and Families (ACF) administers and funds a broad range of social and economic support programs for vulnerable individuals, children, and families, focusing on early childhood development, child welfare, income support, workforce engagement, and economic development. As acting Assistant Secretary, Hansell applied resources from the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA) TANF Emergency Contingency Fund to subsidize the creation of more than 250,000 jobs for low-income parents and youth across the U.S. during the Great Recession.
From 2012 to 2015, Hansel served as head of KPMG’s Global Human and Social Services Center of Excellence. [16]
Welfare spending is a type of government support intended to ensure that members of a society can meet basic human needs such as food and shelter. Social security may either be synonymous with welfare, or refer specifically to social insurance programs which provide support only to those who have previously contributed, as opposed to social assistance programs which provide support on the basis of need alone. The International Labour Organization defines social security as covering support for those in old age, support for the maintenance of children, medical treatment, parental and sick leave, unemployment and disability benefits, and support for sufferers of occupational injury.
Maximus Inc. is an American government services company, with global operations in countries including the United States, Australia, Canada, and the United Kingdom. The company contracts with government agencies to provide services to manage and administer government-sponsored programs. Maximus provides administration and other services for Medicaid, Medicare, health care reform, welfare-to-work, and student loan servicing among other government programs. The company is based in Tysons, Virginia, has 39,600 employees and a reported annual revenue of $4.9 billion in fiscal year 2023.
The Administration for Children and Families (ACF) is a division of the United States Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). It is headed by the Assistant Secretary of Health and Human Services for Children and Families. It has a $49 billion budget for 60 programs that target children, youth and families. These programs include assistance with welfare, child support enforcement, adoption assistance, foster care, child care, and child abuse. The agency employs approximately 1,700 staff, including 1,200 federal employees and 500 contractors, where 60% are based in Washington, DC, with the remaining in regional offices located in Boston, New York City, Philadelphia, Atlanta, Chicago, Dallas, Kansas City (Missouri), Denver, San Francisco, and Seattle.
The United States Children's Bureau is a federal agency founded in 1912, organized under the United States Department of Health and Human Services' Administration for Children and Families. Today, the bureau's operations involve improving child abuse prevention, foster care, and adoption. Historically, its work was much broader, as shown by the 1912 act which created and funded it:
The said bureau shall investigate and report to [the Department of Commerce and Labor] upon all matters pertaining to the welfare of children and child life among all classes of our people, and shall especially investigate the questions of infant mortality, the birth-rate, orphanage, juvenile courts, desertion, dangerous occupations, accidents and diseases of children, employment, legislation affecting children in the several states and territories.
Temporary Assistance for Needy Families is a federal assistance program of the United States. It began on July 1, 1997, and succeeded the Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) program, providing cash assistance to indigent American families through the United States Department of Health and Human Services. TANF is often regarded as just "welfare", but some argue this is a misnomer. Unlike AFDC, which provided a guaranteed cash benefit to eligible families, TANF is a block grant to states that creates no federal entitlement to welfare and is used by states to provide non-welfare services, including educational services, to employed people.
The Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996 (PRWORA) is a United States federal law passed by the 104th United States Congress and signed into law by President Bill Clinton. The bill implemented major changes to U.S. social welfare policy, replacing the Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) program with the Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) program.
Nicholas Scoppetta was the 31st New York City Fire Commissioner. He was appointed to that position by Mayor Michael Bloomberg on January 1, 2002 and was succeeded by Salvatore Cassano on January 1, 2010. He had previously served as the Commissioner of the city's Administration for Children's Services.
Verna Eggleston served as the Commissioner for New York City's Human Resources Administration (HRA) for the Bloomberg Administration, appointed by former New York Mayor Michael R. Bloomberg. She was the longest serving Commissioner of the agency, serving in this role from 2002 to 2007, and was the first Commissioner appointed to the position twice by the same sitting Mayor. Under her leadership, HRA developed "We Care", a Mayoral initiative which received the 2008 Innovation Award from the United States Department of Labor. in 2016, Eggleston received the Civic Leadership Award from the Citizens Committee in New York, where she serves as a permanent member, representing Bloomberg Philanthropies in "consultative status with the United Nations Economic and Social Development Council."
The Federation of Protestant Welfare Agencies (FPWA) is a social services institution in United States of America. Since its inception in 1922, FPWA has sought to promote the social and economic well-being of greater New York's most vulnerable Protestants by strengthening human service organizations and advocating for just public policies. Its first permanent home was the Church Missions House, a historic landmark located at 281 Park Avenue. In May 2015, FPWA moved its office and conference center to 40 Broad Street where it occupies the 5th Floor of the mixed use building.
Gladys Carrión is an Adjunct Research Scholar with Columbia University's Justice Lab. She was the Commissioner of the New York City Administration for Children's Services (ACS) until 2017 and a nationally recognized advocate for improving child well-being.
The United States spends approximately $2.3 trillion on federal and state social programs including cash assistance, health insurance, food assistance, housing subsidies, energy and utilities subsidies, and education and childcare assistance. Similar benefits are sometimes provided by the private sector either through policy mandates or on a voluntary basis. Employer-sponsored health insurance is an example of this.
The Center for Development of Human Services (CDHS) was a sponsored nonprofit program of the Research Foundation of the State University of New York located at Buffalo State College. CDHS/ Research Foundation began in 1976 when a small group of Buffalo State College faculty was successful in obtaining a $100,000 social services training grant to provide instruction to those employed in the field of social work. The Social Services Training Project, as it was then called, evolved into CDHS/Research Foundation, now a nationally recognized provider of human services training. CDHS/Research Foundation used to manage over 30 human services training projects representing $50 million in grant-funded activities that serve the residents of New York State and was the largest such provider in the state. From 1999 to 2010, under the leadership of Robert Spaner, Project Director and Principal Investigator, CDHS expanded from a $16 million operation with under 100 staff to a $60 million Center with 400 staff and 40 separate projects. In April, 2010 Mr. Spaner retired. CDHS used to be headquartered in Buffalo, with satellite offices in Rochester, Syracuse, Albany, and New York City. A large number of CDHS staff worked with state and local government agencies statewide.
James Russelle Dumpson was Commissioner of the New York City Department of Welfare from 1959 to 1965. At the time of his appointment he was the only African American welfare commissioner in the United States and also the first social worker to hold the position in New York City.
The New York State Department of Family Assistance (DFA), also known as the Department of Family Services, is a department of the New York state government. Its regulations are compiled in title 18 of the New York Codes, Rules and Regulations.
The Human Resources Administration or Department of Social Services (HRA/DSS) is the department of the government of New York City in charge of the majority of the city's social services programs. HRA helps New Yorkers in need through a variety of services that promote employment and personal responsibility while providing temporary assistance and work supports. Its regulations are compiled in title 68 of the New York City Rules. The current Commissioner of HRA is Molly Wasow Park, who was appointed to the position by Mayor Eric Adams. HRA is the largest city social services agency in the United States. It has a budget of $9.7 billion, employs over 14,000 people, and serves over 3 million New Yorkers.
The Office of Child Support Services (OCSS) is a United States government office responsible for overseeing the U.S. child support program. Child support is the obligation on parents to provide financial support for their children. OCSS was established with the Federal Government’s enactment of Child Support Enforcement and Paternity Establishment Program (CSE) in 1975, which was enacted to reduce welfare expenses by collecting child support from non-custodial parents.
The Wisconsin Department of Children and Families (DCF) is an agency of the Wisconsin state government responsible for providing services to assist children and families and to oversee county offices handling those services. This includes child protective services, adoption and foster care services, and juvenile justice services. It also manages the licensing and regulation of facilities involved in the foster care and day care systems, performs background investigations of child care providers, and investigates incidents of potential child abuse or neglect. It administers the Wisconsin Works (W-2) program, the child care subsidy program, child support enforcement and paternity establishment services, and programs related to the federal Temporary Assistance to Needy Families (TANF) income support program.
The New York City Administration for Children's Services (ACS) is a New York City government agency that prosecutes parents, caregivers, and juveniles in child protective service and delinquency proceedings in New York City. ACS has been the subject of numerous civil rights lawsuits involving the wrongful removals and deaths of children as well as constitutional violations of both parents and children.
This article is intended to give an overview of the welfare system in the U.S. State of New York.
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