New York City Fire Commissioner

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New York City Fire Commissioner
Occupation
Activity sectors
 Fire fighting

The New York City Fire Commissioner is the civilian administrator of the New York City Fire Department (FDNY), appointed by the Mayor of the City of New York. There have been 34 commissioners excluding Acting Fire Commissioners, and 38 commissioners including Acting Fire Commissioners. This is since Manhattan and the Bronx consolidated with Brooklyn, Queens, and Staten Island to form The City of New York in 1898. The current Fire Commissioner is Laura Kavanagh, who had held the office since February 16, 2022 as interim Fire Commissioner, but on October 27, 2022, she was appointed as Fire Commissioner.

Contents

Fire Commissioners of the pre-consolidated City of New York

NameDates in OfficeAdministrationReferences and notes
Richard Croker 1883 – 1887 [1]
Anthony Eickhoff 1891 – 1896 [2]
John Jay Scannell 1893 – ? Thomas Francis Gilroy
S. Howland Robbins1889 – May 1893(first term)

February 3, 1894 – ? (second term)

 Hugh J. Grant [3]
Henry Winthrop GrayMay 1893 – February 2, 1894 Thomas Francis Gilroy [3]
Austin Edward Ford 1895 – September 17, 1897Died in office on September 17, 1896. [4] [5]
Thomas Sturgis September 17, 1896 – December 31, 1898 [5] [6]

Fire Commissioners of the consolidated City of New York

NumberNameDates in OfficeAdministrationNotes and References
1 John Jay Scannell January 1, 1898 – December 31, 1901 Robert Anderson Van Wyck First New York City Fire Commissioner. His salary was $5,000 per year (approximately $163,000 today) [7] [8]
2 Thomas Sturgis January 1, 1902 – December 31, 1903 Seth Low Previously served as a pre-consolidation fire commissioner. [5]
3 Nicholas J. Hayes January 1, 1904 – December 31, 1905 George B. McClellan Jr. [9] [10] [11] [12]
4 John H. O'Brien January 1, 1906 – October 10, 1906Resigned before completing his term. [13] [14]
5 Francis J. Lantry October 10, 1906 – February 10, 1908Resigned before completing his term. [15] [16]
6 Hugh Bonner February 10, 1908 – March 13, 1908Died before completing his term. [17] [18]
Nicholas J. HayesMarch 13, 1908 – January 3, 1910This was his second non-consecutive term. [19] [20]
7 Rhinelander Waldo January 3, 1910 – May 23, 1911 William Jay Gaynor Resigned less than two months after the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire to become the 8th New York City Police Commissioner. He was also Chief of the Aqueduct Police. Now the New York City Department of Environmental Protection Police. [21] [22] [23]
8 Joseph Johnson May 23, 1911? – June 1, 1911 (acting)
June 1, 1911 – December 31, 1913		 William Jay Gaynor, Ardolph Loges Kline Acting New York City Fire Commissioner, then promoted to New York City Fire Commissioner. [24] [25] [26]
9 Robert Edward Adamson January 1, 1914 – December 31, 1917 John Purroy Mitchel [27] [28]
10 Thomas J. Drennan January 1, 1918 – April 30, 1926 John Francis Hylan, Jimmy Walker Resigned before completing his term. [29] [30]
11 John J. Dorman May 5, 1926 – December 31, 1933Jimmy Walker, Joseph V. McKee, John P. O'Brien [31] [32]
Francis S. GiacomeJanuary 1, 1934 – January 18, 1934 (acting) Fiorello H. La Guardia Acting New York City Fire Commissioner. [33]
12 John J. McElligott January 18, 1934 – February 23, 1940Resigned during a corruption scandal before completing his term. [34]
13 Elmer Mustard February 23, 1940 – February 26, 1940 (acting)Acting New York City Fire Commissioner during a corruption scandal. [35] [36]
John J. McElligottFebruary 26, 1940 – May 8, 1941Second non-consecutive term. Resigned during a corruption scandal before completing his term. [37] [38]
14 Patrick Walsh May 8, 1941 – December 31, 1945 [39] [40]
15 Frank J. Quayle Jr. January 1, 1946 – November 13, 1950 William O'Dwyer, Vincent R. Impellitteri Resigned before completing his term. [41] [42]
Nathan C. HorwitzNovember 13, 1950 – December 27, 1950 (acting)Vincent R. ImpellitteriActing New York City Fire Commissioner. [43] [44]
16 George P. Monaghan December 27, 1950 – July 9, 1951Resigned to become New York City Police Commissioner. [45] [46] [47]
Nathan C. HorwitzJuly 9, 1951 – August 2, 1951 (acting)This was his second non-consecutive term as Acting New York City Fire Commissioner. [46] [48]
17 Jacob B. Grumet August 2, 1951 – February 15, 1954 [48] [49] [50]
18 Edward Francis Cavanagh Jr. February 15, 1954 – December 31, 1961 Robert F. Wagner Jr. [51] [52]
19 Edward Thompson January 1, 1962 – August 6, 1964Resigned before completing his term. [53] [54]
20 Martin Scott August 6, 1964 – December 31, 1965 [55] [56]
21 Robert Oliver Lowery January 1, 1966 – September 29, 1973 John Lindsay First African-American New York City Fire Commissioner, resigned before completing his term. [57] [58]
22 John T. O'Hagan October 11, 1973 – January 17, 1978John Lindsay, Abraham Beame [59] [60]
23 Augustus A. Beekman January 17, 1978 – November 5, 1980 Ed Koch Second African-American New York City Fire Commissioner, resigned before completing his term because of illness preceding his death. [61] [62]
24 Charles J. Hynes November 5, 1980 – October 22, 1982Resigned before completing his term. [63]
25 Joseph E. Spinnato October 22, 1982 – February 17, 1983 (interim)
February 17, 1983 – November 16, 1987		Resigned before completing his term. [64] [65]
26 Joseph F. Bruno November 16, 1987 – December 31, 1989 [66]
27 Carlos M. Rivera January 1, 1990 – August 31, 1993 David Dinkins Resigned before completing his term. [67]
28 William M. Feehan August 31, 1993 – November 24, 1993 (acting)
November 24, 1993 – December 31, 1993		Acting New York City Fire Commissioner, then promoted to New York City Fire Commissioner. Died in the September 11 attacks. [68]
29 Howard Safir January 1, 1994 – April 15, 1996 Rudy Giuliani Resigned to become the 39th New York City Police Commissioner. [69]
30 Thomas Von Essen April 15, 1996 – December 31, 2001 [70]
31 Nicholas Scoppetta January 1, 2002 – December 31, 2009 Michael Bloomberg [71]
32 Salvatore Cassano January 1, 2010 – June 7, 2014Michael Bloomberg, Bill de Blasio Replaced by Bill De Blasio with Daniel A. Nigro [72]
33 Daniel A. Nigro June 7, 2014 – February 16, 2022 Bill de Blasio, Eric Adams [73]
34 Laura Kavanagh February 16, 2022 – October 27, 2022 (interim)
October 27, 2022 – present		 Eric Adams Current New York City Fire Commissioner. [74] [75]

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References

  1. ↑ "Richard Croker Dies In His Irish Castle As Result Of Cold". New York Times . April 29, 1922. Retrieved June 14, 2007.
  2. ↑ "Anthony Eickhoff". The New York Times. November 7, 1901. Retrieved July 6, 2015. Anthony Eickhoff, aged seventy-four, ex-Fire Commissioner and ex-Coroner, who lived at 118 West Ninety-fourth Street, died Tuesday at the home of his daughter, Mrs. Miehling, 854 West End Avenue. ...
  3. 1 2 "Mr. Gray Resigns". The World . February 3, 1894.
  4. ↑ "Austin E. Ford's Condition Critical" (PDF). The New York Times. September 17, 1896.
  5. 1 2 3 "To Succeed Austin E. Ford — Thomas Sturgis Made a Fire Commissioner by the Mayor" (PDF). The New York Times. April 6, 1896. Retrieved October 5, 2008.
  6. ↑ "Thomas Sturgis" (PDF). The New York Times. February 27, 1914.
  7. ↑ "The New City Officials — As Announced by Mayor Van Wyck, the Slate Contains Some Surprises — Politicians Are Puzzled — Friends of Hugh J. Grant Seem to be Intentionally Ignored — The List as Given Out Yesterday". The New York Times. January 2, 1898. p. 1. Retrieved December 10, 2015.
  8. ↑ "J.J. Scannell, Old Tammanyite, Dies — Ex-Fire Commissioner and Ex-Fire Chief Expires of Pneumonia at 78 Years — Avenged Brother's Death — Acquitted as Insane, His Political Rise Followed Friendship Made with Croker in Tombs". The New York Times. March 6, 1918. Retrieved March 25, 2010. John Jay Scannell, ex-Fire Commissioner of this city, an intimate of Richard Croker, and one of the picturesque figures in New York politics for many years, died yesterday in St. Mary's Hospital, Jamaica, L.I. from pneumonia. He was 78 years old, and his..."
  9. ↑ "New Mayor In Office — Col. McClellan's Address In Taking Over City Government — Promises to Administer Affairs in the Interest of All the People — Compliments His Predecessor on the Esteem Which He Has Earned". The New York Times. January 2, 1904. p. 14. Retrieved December 9, 2015.
  10. ↑ "To Succeed Austin E. Ford — Thomas Sturgis Made a Fire Commissioner by the Mayor". The New York Times. September 27, 1896. Retrieved October 5, 2008. Mayor Strong yesterday announced the appointment of Thomas Sturgis as a Commissioner of the Fire Department, in place of Austin E. Ford, who died Sept. 17. Mr. Sturgis, accompanied by his wife, went to the Mayor's office at 11 o'clock. After the usual preliminaries Mr. Sturgis took the oath of office and received his commission.
  11. ↑ "New Chiefs in Control". The New York Times. January 2, 1902. p. 14. Retrieved December 9, 2015.
  12. ↑ "Thomas Sturgis — Fire Commissioner, Who Removed Chief Croker, Dies in England". The New York Times. February 27, 1914. p. 11. Retrieved December 15, 2015.
  13. ↑ "New Fire Head Turns Down Croker's Order — O'Brien Sustains Hayes in Clash with the Chief — Inherits Department Row — Croker Revoked Hayes' Details, Hayes Reasserted Them, and the Chief Revoked Them Again". The New York Times. January 2, 1906. p. 5. Retrieved December 13, 2015.
  14. ↑ "J.H. O'Brien Dies; Ex-City Official — Former Fire Commissioner and Member of Water Supply Board of New York — Served Public 3 Decades — When Political Writer for The Sun — Attracted Notice of Late Mayor McClellan". The New York Times. February 5, 1941. p. 19. Retrieved December 15, 2015.
  15. ↑ "Mayor Drafts Lantry For Fire Commissioner — Coggey Made the Head of the Correction Department — He Has Been a Murphy Man — Lantry, Who Takes O'Brien's Place, Highly Praised by Mayor McClellan Before the Shift". The New York Times. October 11, 1906. p. 16. Retrieved December 13, 2015.
  16. ↑ "Death Claims Lantry, Once High In Tammany — Former Fire and Correction Appointee Split With Murphy as to McClellan and Hearst". The New York Times. October 8, 1922. p. 25. Retrieved December 15, 2015.
  17. ↑ "Hugh Bonner Heads Fire Department — This and Other Appointments by the Mayor Please Tammany Leader Murphy — Spooner Head of Docks — McClellan, In an Official Statement, Pleads for Democratic Unity Here for the Coming National Fight". The New York Times. February 11, 1908. p. 6. Retrieved December 13, 2015.
  18. ↑ "Hugh Bonner Dead — Recently Appointed Fire Commissioner and Long a Chief in the Department". The New York Times. March 13, 1908. p. 1. Retrieved December 13, 2015.
  19. ↑ "Hayes In Bonner's Place — Mayor Makes the ex-Sheriff City Fire Commissioner". The New York Times. March 21, 1908. p. 3. Retrieved December 13, 2015.
  20. ↑ "Nicholas J. Hayes Dies Suddenly — Commissioner of Water Supply Is Stricken With Heart Disease in His Home — Once a Power in Tammany — Served as Sheriff and as Head of Fire Department — Was Friend of Late C.F. Murphy". The New York Times. January 3, 1928. Retrieved December 15, 2015.
  21. ↑ "Gaynor Names Six; Tiger Not Favored — Announcement Coupled with Praise of Murphy Who, Says the Mayor, Hasn't Horns — Waldo Fire Commissioner — Watkins Corporation Counsel, Tomkins Dock Commissioner, and Hyde City Chamberlain". The New York Times. January 3, 1910. p. 1. Retrieved December 13, 2015.
  22. ↑ "Gaynor Puts Waldo In Cropsey's Place — Tells Him to Banish Favoritism from Police as He Did from Fire Department — Inspector O'Brien Out — Cropsey's Last Official Act — Resigned Thursday After a Tilt — Croker or O'Keeffe for Fire Head". The New York Times. May 24, 1911. p. 1. Retrieved December 13, 2015.
  23. ↑ "Waldo, 50, Dies Of Septic Poisoning — Former Police and Fire Head Succumbs at Garrison, N.Y., of an Old Ailment — Served in the Philippines — Arduous Labors There Blamed for Fatal Illness — Storm Centre While In Office Here". The New York Times. August 14, 1927. p. 28. Retrieved December 15, 2015.
  24. ↑ "Driscoll Quits Job; O'Keeffe To Get It — Will Command in Brooklyn — McKay of Aqueduct Police Fourth Deputy in Booraem's Place — Gaynor Talks Amid Cheers — Central Figure at Promotion of 129 Men — 86 Appointments to Force, Including Cropsey's Troublesome 48". The New York Times. May 30, 1911. p. 3. Retrieved December 13, 2015.
  25. ↑ "Johnson Appointed Fire Commissioner — O'Keeffe's Selection as First Police Deputy Is Now Expected — Waldo Praises Successor — Who Says the Department Will Run Along as New Police Head Planned — The Great Oak's Career". The New York Times. p. 5. Retrieved December 13, 2015.
  26. ↑ "Joseph Johnson, 71, Ex-Official In City — Fire Commissioner, 1911-1917 — Was Named by Gaynor — Dies at Home in Atlanta — Former Newspaper Man — Began 'Model Saloon' in 1904 — Had Been Film Executive and Served Red Cross". The New York Times. March 9, 1942. p. 19. Retrieved December 15, 2015.
  27. ↑ "Mitchel Names His City Helpers — Henry Bruere City Chamberlain, Adamson Fire Commissioner, as Predicted — Several Men Hold Over — John T. Featherson, Recognized National Expert, to Clean the Streets — Miss Davis Commissioner — Republicans Get Many Places, Progressives Two, Independent Democrats the Rest". The New York Times. January 1, 1914. p. 1. Retrieved December 13, 2015.
  28. ↑ "Robert Adamson, Ex-Fire Head, Dies — Commissioner Under Mitchel Had Been Secretary to Gaynor, Then Kline — Collapses in His Office — Former Banker and Reporter an Editor at 20 — Cut Losses and Raised Firemen's Pay". The New York Times. September 20, 1935. p. 21. Retrieved December 15, 2015.
  29. ↑ "Named By Hylan For Big City Posts — Alfred J. Johnson, City Chamberlain, Has Prominent Wall Street Connections — Many Veterans Appointed - Bird S. Coler, W.P. Burr, N.J. Hayes, J.A. Cantor, and Arthur Murphy All on the List". The New York Times. January 2, 1918. p. 3. Retrieved December 13, 2015.
  30. ↑ "T.J. Drennan Dies From Heart Attack — Commissioner of Jurors of Kings County Stricken While Sitting With His Family — Aide of John H. McCooey — District Leader Was Fire Commissioner During Both of Hylan's Administrations". The New York Times. July 16, 1928. p. 19. Retrieved December 15, 2015.
  31. ↑ "J.J. Dorman Named Fire Commissioner — Brooklyn Man's Selection Is a Surprise in Political Circles — A Victory For McCooey — Choice Is Seen as a Harmony Move Inspired by Coming Elections — Salary For Job Is $10,000 — T.J. Drennan's Successor Is Head of Kings County Democratic Committee". The New York Times. May 6, 1926. p. 27. Retrieved December 13, 2015.
  32. ↑ "John Dorman Dies; Headed Fire Force — Commissioner Under Walker "Was Chairman of the Kings Democratic Committee". The New York Times. June 22, 1953. p. 21. Retrieved December 15, 2015.
  33. ↑ "LaGuardia Moves To Clean Up City; Starts Hunt For Graft In Bureaus; Tammany Organizes The Alderman — Mayor Swears In Aides — Tells Each to Remove 'Every One' if Needed to Get Efficiency — Pledges Them Free Hand — Politicians No Longer Will Interfere With Prisons or Relief, He Says — First Day is Strenuous — New Executive Leaves Home at 8:28 A.M., Does Not Quit City Hall Till 6:30". The New York Times. January 1, 1934. p. 1. Retrieved December 13, 2015.
  34. ↑ "LaGuardia Fills 3 Cabinet Posts — Moses Heads Park, McElligott Fire Department and Moss License Bureau. 3 Deputies Appointed — Hatch Gets Dock Job, Dr. Shipley Hospital Office — Mrs. R.L. Whitney Is License Aide". The New York Times. January 19, 1934. p. 2. Retrieved December 13, 2015.
  35. ↑ "M'Elligott, 8 Aides Quit For Pensions; Fought By Mayor — Inquiry Is Ordered — Mustard Named Acting Fire Head in Move to Void Retirements — Mayor Acts by Radio — Out of the City, He Instructs Morris — Firemen Sought Benefits Under Old Law". The New York Times. February 24, 1940. p. 1. Retrieved December 13, 2015.
  36. ↑ "Elmer Mustard Is Stricken Here — He Held Post of Acting Fire Commissioner for Four Days After McElligott Resigned — Voided Recent Pensions — Mayor Holds Deputy Who Had Served Department 39 Years 'Died in the Line of Duty". The New York Times. March 2, 1940. p. 13. Retrieved December 13, 2015.
  37. ↑ "Mustard Cancels Retirement Order — McElligott and Six Officers of the Fire Department Are Affected by New Move — Due To Be On Duty Today — Deputy Chief Heffernan Says 'I'm Retired, and I'll Stay Retired' — Defies Mayor". The New York Times. February 27, 1940. p. 27. Retrieved December 13, 2015.
  38. ↑ "John J. M'Elligott Dies In Hospital, 64; Fire Department Veteran Was First to Be Commissioner and Chief at One Time — In Former Post 7 Years — Ousted by La Guardia in 1941, He Then Joined Todd Corp. — Won Many Citations". The New York Times. September 7, 1946. p. 15. Retrieved December 15, 2015.
  39. ↑ "M'elligott Ousted With Chief Deputy Over Graft Trials — Walsh Gets Post — Acting Chief Promoted — He Will Take Over Duties Tomorrow — Mayor Sees 'Whitewash' — Calls McKenna Lax in Petty Racket Case, Holds Superior Liable but Voices Regret". The New York Times. May 9, 1941. p. 1. Retrieved December 13, 2015.
  40. ↑ "P.J. Walsh Is Dead; Former Fire Chief — Successor to McElligott Served Also as Commissioner — 44 Years in Department". The New York Times. September 22, 1946. p. 62. Retrieved March 25, 2010.
  41. ↑ "O'Dwyer Names 18 As Aides, Warning: 'Make Good Or Go — Gives His Commissioners and Bureau Heads 3 Months to Meet 'Team' Requirements — Sees Grave Tasks Ahead — Financial, Housing, School and Transit Problems Among the Most Urgent, He Declares". The New York Times. December 31, 1945. p. 1. Retrieved December 13, 2015.
  42. ↑ "Frank J. Quayle is Dead at 79; Fire Commissioner in the '40s — Democratic Leader Had Also Been Sheriff of Kings and Brooklyn Postmaster". The New York Times. June 23, 1971. p. 48. Retrieved December 15, 2015.
  43. ↑ "Quayle Resigns as Fire Head On Eve of Mayor's Inaugural — H.J. Rosen, Aide in Pecora Campaign, Gives Up His $7,850 City Post". The New York Times. November 14, 1951. p. 1. Retrieved December 19, 2015.
  44. ↑ "New Fire Head To Speak — Monaghan to Go on Air After Being Sworn Commissioner". The New York Times. December 27, 1950. p. 19. Retrieved December 19, 2015.
  45. ↑ Crowell, Paul (December 7, 1950). "Hogan Aide Named Fire Commissioner — Appointing Monaghan, Mayor Minimizes Significance of His Being a Prosecutor". The New York Times. p. 1. Retrieved December 13, 2015.
  46. 1 2 "Monaghan Sworn As Head Of Police — Promotion of 9 to Lieutenants His Last Act in Retiring as Fire Commissioner". The New York Times. July 10, 1951. p. 23. Retrieved December 19, 2015.
  47. ↑ Saxon, Wolfgang (September 7, 1986). "George Monaghan, 85, Dead Ex-Harness Racing Official". The New York Times. Retrieved December 15, 2015.
  48. 1 2 "Grumet New City Fire Head — Long Aide of Dewey, Hogan Republican to Take $15,000 Post Aug. 2 — Mayor Says Choice Was His Own". The New York Times. July 19, 1951. p. 1. Retrieved December 13, 2015.
  49. ↑ "Grumet Quits, Urges No Firehouse Cuts". The New York Times. February 15, 1954. p. 15. Retrieved November 15, 2016.
  50. ↑ Cook, Joan (June 9, 1987). "Jacob Grumet, Former Judge and Chairman of S.I.C., Dies". The New York Times. Retrieved December 15, 2015.
  51. ↑ "New Fire And Marine Commissioners Sworn In — 3 Agencies Of City Shuffle Officials — Cavanagh and O'Connor Are Sworn In — Gillroy Gets a New Housing Deputy". The New York Times. February 16, 1954. p. 26. Retrieved December 13, 2015.
  52. ↑ Pace, Eric (June 19, 1986). "Edward Cavanagh Jr. Dies; Former Fire Commissioner". The New York Times. Retrieved December 15, 2015.
  53. ↑ Crowell, Paul (December 28, 1961). "Judge Is Chosen As City Fire Head — Thompson of Queens Named — Wiley's Job Offered to Baltimore's Traffic Chief". The New York Times. p. 1. Retrieved December 13, 2015.
  54. ↑ Saxon, Wolfgang (August 9, 1995). "Edward Thompson, 82, Judge And Former Fire Commissioner". The New York Times. Retrieved December 15, 2015.
  55. ↑ Bennett, Charles G. (August 6, 1964). "Chief Fire Marshal Is Named City's New Fire Commissioner". The New York Times. Retrieved December 13, 2015.
  56. ↑ McNeil Jr., Donald G. (February 12, 1979). "Martin Scott Dead; Headed Fire Dept. — Was Commissioner Under Wagner and Chief Marshal For Decade". The New York Times. p. B12. Retrieved December 15, 2015.
  57. ↑ "Jobs To Be Goal Of Youth Board — Pragmatism Called Answer to Juvenile Delinquency". The New York Times. December 25, 1965. p. 16. Retrieved December 13, 2015.
  58. ↑ Martin, Douglas (July 27, 2001). "Robert Lowery, First Black Fire Commissioner, Dies at 85". The New York Times. Retrieved December 15, 2015.
  59. ↑ "O'Hagan Now Fire Commissioner". The New York Times. October 12, 1973. p. 47. Retrieved December 13, 2015.
  60. ↑ James, George (January 3, 1991). "John T. O'Hagan, 65, Fire Chief And Fire Commissioner in the 70's". The New New York Times. Retrieved December 15, 2015.
  61. ↑ Ranzal, Edward (January 18, 1978). "Koch Picks Fire Chief To Be Commissioner — Augustus Beekman Will Be Second Black to Hold Post As the Head of Oldest U.S. Firefighting Force". The New York Times. p. 5. Retrieved December 13, 2015.
  62. ↑ Lemire, Jonathan (December 3, 2008). "Gus Beekman, second African-American comissioner [sic] of FDNY, dead at 85". New York Daily News. Retrieved December 15, 2015.
  63. ↑ Maitland, Leslie (November 6, 1980). "Fire Commissioner Beekman Ousted; Hynes Gets Post". The New York Times. p. B1. Retrieved December 13, 2015.
  64. ↑ Haberman, Clyde; Johnston, Laurie (October 19, 1982). "New York Day By Day". The New York Times. Retrieved December 13, 2015.
  65. ↑ Goodwin, Michael (February 18, 1983). "Koch Appoints Spinnato City Fire Commissioner". The New York Times. Retrieved December 10, 2016.
  66. ↑ Kolbert, Elizabeth (October 21, 1987). "Parking Chief Named to Head Fire Department". The New York Times. p. B3. Retrieved December 13, 2015.
  67. ↑ Lubasch, Arnold H. (December 23, 1989). "Veteran Firefighter Moves Up to Become Commissioner". The New York Times. Retrieved December 13, 2015.
  68. ↑ "Dinkins Appoints Fire Commissioner". The New York Times. November 25, 1993. Retrieved December 13, 2015.
  69. ↑ Myers, Steven Lee (December 31, 1993). "Reporter's Notebook; New Team Cleans Up Cleanup Plans". The New York Times. Retrieved December 13, 2015.
  70. ↑ Kennedy, Randy (March 30, 1996). "Union Head Named New York's New Fire Commissioner". The New York Times. p. 25. Retrieved December 13, 2015.
  71. ↑ Cooper, Michael (December 31, 2001). "Bloomberg Chooses Head Of Fire Dept". The New York Times. Retrieved December 13, 2015.
  72. ↑ Schmidt, Michael (December 21, 2009). "40-Year Veteran Chosen to Lead the Fire Dept". The New York Times. Retrieved December 13, 2015.
  73. ↑ Schwirtz, Michael; Rashbaum, William K. (May 8, 2014). "Key Figure in Fire Department After 9/11 Is to Return as Commissioner". The New York Times. Retrieved December 13, 2015.
  74. ↑ McCowan, Candace (February 16, 2022). "End of an era: Commissioner Dan Nigro retires after half century with FDNY". ABC.com. Retrieved February 16, 2022.
  75. ↑ Marcius, Chelsia Rose; Fitzsimmons, Emma G.; Rubinstein, Dana (October 28, 2022). "New York Fire Department to Be Led by Woman for First Time". The New York Times. p. A23. Retrieved October 28, 2022.
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