Descendants of Ibn Saud

Last updated
This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources.

Abdulaziz
Imam of Nejd
Official Portrait of King Abdulaziz.jpg
Official portrait, 1940s
King of Saudi Arabia
Reign23 September 1932 – 9 November 1953
Bay'ah 23 September 1932
PredecessorPost established
Successor Saud
Emir/Sultan/King of Nejd
Reign13 January 1902 – 23 September 1932 [note 1]
Predecessor Abdulaziz bin Mutaib (as Emir of Jabal Shammar)
SuccessorHimself (as King of Saudi Arabia)
King of Hejaz
Reign8 January 1926 – 23 September 1932 [note 1]
Predecessor Ali bin Hussein
SuccessorHimself (as King of Saudi Arabia)
Born(1875-01-15)15 January 1875
Riyadh, Emirate of Nejd
Died9 November 1953(1953-11-09) (aged 78)
Shubra Palace, Ta'if, Saudi Arabia
Burial
Al Oud cemetery, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Spouses
See list
Issue
among others...
See list
Names
Abdulaziz bin Abdul Rahman bin Faisal Al Saud
House Al Saud
Father Abdul Rahman bin Faisal Al Saud
Mother Sara bint Ahmed Al Sudairi
Occupation
  • Tribal chieftain
  • religious leader
  • politician [note 2]
Military career
Allegiance Saudi Arabia
Battles / wars

Abdulaziz bin Abdul Rahman Al Saud (1875–1953), the founder and first king of Saudi Arabia, also called Ibn Saud, was very young when he first got married. However, his wife died shortly after their marriage. Ibn Saud remarried at eighteen and his firstborn child was Prince Turki I. [1] He had 45 sons of whom 36 survived to adulthood and had children of their own. [2] He also had many daughters. He is thought to have had 22 wives. [3]

Contents

Wives and their children

This is a list of the first generation of offspring of Ibn Saud, of which there are 72, sorted by his numerous wives. Many of the sons of Ibn Saud served in prominent leadership positions in Saudi Arabia including all of the nation's monarchs since his death. Those who served as King are in bold.

Wadha bint Muhammad Al Orair

Wadha bint Muhammad Al Orair (d. 4 May 1969) was the daughter of Muhammed and Abta Sardah. [4] [5] She belonged to the Bani Khalid tribe, [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] which ruled Eastern Arabia for a long time [11] [12] and was the most powerful tribe in this region during the late 18th century. [13]

Some reports state she is from the Qahtan tribe. [6] [14] [15] [16] [17] Wahda married Abdulaziz in Kuwait in 1896, and they had at least five children: [18] [19] Prince Turki, King Saud, Prince Khalid, Prince Abdullah and Princess Mounira.

Her children were: [20] [9] [21]

NameLifespanNotes
Turki (I)1900–1919Nominal heir in Riyadh and Najd. Died young due to the Spanish influenza epidemic.
Saud 12 January 1902 – 23 February 1969Crown Prince from 1932; King (1953–1964), Deposed and exiled.
Khalid (I)1902–1909
MuniraShe married her full first cousin Fahd, the son of her paternal full uncle Sa'ad Al Abd al-Rahman [22] and daughter of her stepmother. She also married Khalid bin Muhammad bin Abd al Rahman Al Abd al Rahman the son of her uncle and her stepmother's sister Sara bint Abdullah Al Sheikh. He died in 1972.[ citation needed ]
Noura [14]
Abdullah

Of them, Prince Khalid and Prince Abdullah died young. [9]

Wadha's sister, Hussa, first married the Kuwaiti ruler Mubarak Al Sabah and then, following her divorce from Mubarak, she also married Abdulaziz. [23] In her lifetime Wadha witnessed the death of her five children. [9] She died in Riyadh on 4 May 1969, shortly after the death of King Saud in Athens. [9]

Tarfa bint Abdullah Al Sheikh

Tarfa was a member of the Al Sheikh clan, [24] born in 1884. [25] Her father was Abdullah bin Abdullatif. She married Ibn Saud in 1902 [26] and had at least five children with him. [17]

NameLifespanNotes
Khalid (II)(born 1903, died in 1904)
Faisal (April 1906 – 25 March 1975)Prime Minister and Regent prior to deposing his brother; King (1964–1975); murdered.
Saad (I)(1902–1919) Robert Lacey in his book The Kingdom states that Princess Hassa mothered Saad.(p. 174 and p. 526) Also reported by other sources. [27]
Noura(1904–1938)She married her half first cousin Khalid, the son of her paternal half uncle Muhammad Al Abd al-Rahman [28] [29]

Lulua bint Salih Al Dakhil

Ibn Saud and Lulua had one child. [30]

NameLifespanNotes
Fahd (I)(1906–1919)

Al Jawhara bint Musaed Al Jiluwi

Al-Jawhara was reputedly Ibn Saud's favorite wife, whose early death in 1919 (due to the Spanish influenza epidemic) was deeply mourned by him. In 1951, more than 30 years after her death, Ibn Saud is reported to have said that he had had many wives, but his only love had been Al Jawhara. Ibn Saud and Al Jawhara bint Musaed Al Jiluwi had three children.

NameLifespanNotes
Muhammad (1910–1988)nicknamed Abu Al-Sharayn ("Father of the two evils"); held many ministries under his father and older brother Saud. Led revolt against Saud and was briefly de jure Crown Prince before ceding the job to his full brother Khalid.
Khalid (III)(13 February 1913 – 13 June 1982)Crown Prince 1965—75; King 1975–1982
Al Anoud

Lajah bint Khalid bin Hithlain

Ibn Saud and Lajah had one child.[ citation needed ]

NameLifespanNotes
Sara (1916 – June 2002)[ citation needed ]

Bazza (I)

Bazza (I) was a Moroccan woman. [17] [31] [32] Ibn Saud and Bazza had at least one child.

NameLifespanNotes
Nasser [33] (1911–1984)He was excluded from all positions due to a scandal during his governorship. [33]

Jawhara bint Saad bin Abdul Muhsin Al Sudairi

Jawhara bint Saad Al Sudairi was the sister of Haya bint Saad Al Sudairi, who was another wife of Ibn Saud. [34] While Jawhara and Haya are sisters hailing from the al-Sudairi family, they are not sisters of Hassa al-Sudairi, who is the mother of the "Sudairi Seven" (see below). Jawhara bore Ibn Saud the following children:

NameLifespanNotes
Sa'ad (II)(1915–1993)Bypassed for the throne, given the chairmanship of the royal family council of Al Saud (precursor of Allegiance Council) as consolation prize.
Musa'id (1923–2013) [35] Disgraced when his son murdered King Faisal. Bypassed from succession.[ citation needed ]
Abdul Mohsin/Muhsin (1925–1985)Took part in the Free Princes Movement, hence disqualified from succession
Al Bandari (1928–2008) [36]

Hussa Al Sudairi

Ibn Saud and Hassa had eleven surviving children, being seven sons and four daughters; two other children may have died in infancy. Their seven sons are known as the "Sudairi Seven," a powerful group of full brothers. Two of their sons became kings of Saudi Arabia. Their children were:

  1. Sa'ad (I) Robert Lacey in his book The Kingdom states that Princess Hassa actually mothered Sa'ad which is also said by other sources. He was born in 1913 and died in 1919 during the Spanish flu pandemic.
  2. Fahd (II) (1921 – 1 August 2005); King (1982–2005)
  3. Sultan (1928–2011); Crown Prince (2005–2011)
  4. Luluwah (ca. 1928–2008); [37] eldest daughter
  5. Abdul Rahman (1931–2017); Deputy Minister of Defense and Aviation (1978–2011), removed from Succession.
  6. Nayef (1933–2012); Crown Prince (27 October 2011 – 16 June 2012)
  7. Turki (II) (1934–2016); Deputy Defense Minister (1969–78), removed from Succession.
  8. Salman (born 31 December 1935); King (2015–present), Prime Minister (23 January 2015 - 27 September 2022)
  9. Ahmed (born 1942); Deputy Minister of the Interior (1975–2012) and briefly as Minister of the Interior in 2012, removed from Succession.
  10. Jawahir (daughter) (died 2015)
  11. Latifa (daughter) (died 2024) [38]
  12. Al Jawhara (daughter; died 2023)
  13. Moudhi (died young)[ citation needed ]
  14. Felwa (died young)[ citation needed ]

Shahida

Shahida (died 1938) was an Armenian woman who was reportedly the favourite wife of Ibn Saud. [39] [40] Ibn Saud and Shahida had four children.

  1. Mansour (1921 – 2 May 1951); Minister of Defense, died from kidney failure in Paris.
  2. Misha'al (1926 – 3 May 2017); Minister of Defense, removed from Succession
  3. Qumash (1927 – September 2011)
  4. Mutaib (1931—2019); Minister of Municipal and Rural Affairs (1980 to 2009), removed from Succession.

Fahda bint Asi bin Shuraim Al Shammari

She was the widow of Saud bin Abdulaziz Al Rashid, tenth Emir of the Rashidi Emirate which was overthrown by Ibn Saud. By her former husband, Fahda was the mother of at least two sons. She bore three children to Ibn Saud, and died when the eldest among them, the future king Abdullah, was only six years old. Her children with Ibn Saud were:

  1. Abdullah (1 August 1924 – 23 January 2015); King (2005–2015)
  2. Nouf (died August 2015)
  3. Seeta (c. 1930 – 13 April 2011); initiated the Princesses' Council

Bazza (II)

Bazza died in 1940 and was Moroccan. [17] [41] [42]

  1. Bandar (1923–2019)
  2. Fawwaz (1934–2008) - took part in the Free Princes Movement, hence disqualified from succession
  3. Mishari[ citation needed ]

Haya bint Saad Al Sudairi

Haya bint Saad (1913 – 18 April 2003) was the sister of Jawhara bint Saad Al-Sudairi, another wife of Ibn Saud. [43] However, she and Jawhara were not sisters of Hassa Al-Sudairi, yet another wife of Al-Saud and mother of the "Sudairi Seven." Haya bore Ibn Saud the following children:

  1. Badr (I) (1931–1932)[ citation needed ]
  2. Badr (II) (1933 – 1 April 2013) - took part in the Free Princes Movement, hence disqualified from succession
  3. Huzza (1951 – July 2000)
  4. Abdul Ilah (born 1939)
  5. Abdul Majeed (1943–2007)
  6. Noura (born 1930)[ citation needed ]
  7. Mishail[ citation needed ]
  8. Zubri[ citation needed ]

Bushra

NameLifespanNotes
Mishari (1932 – 23 May 2000) [44]

Munaiyir

Munaiyir (c. 1909 – December 1991) was an Armenian woman

  1. Talal (I) (1924–1927)[ citation needed ]
  2. Talal (II) (15 August 1931 – 22 December 2018)
  3. Nawwaf (16 August 1932 – 29 September 2015) - took part in the Free Princes Movement, hence disqualified from succession
  4. Madawi (1939 – November 2017)

Mudhi

  1. Sultana (c. 1928 – 7 July 2008) [45]
  2. Haya (c. 1929 – 2 November 2009) [46]
  3. Majid (II) (9 October 1938 – 12 April 2003)
  4. Sattam (21 January 1941 – 12 February 2013)

Nouf bint Nawwaf Al Shalan

Nouf and Ibn Saud married in November 1935. [47] She was the granddaughter of the tribal chief Nuri Al Shalaan. [48] Her sister married Crown Prince Saud in April 1936. [49]

  1. Thamir (1937 – 27 June 1958)
  2. Mamdouh (1940 – 30 November 2023)
  3. Mashhur (born 1942)

Saida al Yamaniyah

Saida was a Yemeni woman, hence her title al Yamaniyah.[ citation needed ]

  1. Hathloul (1942 – 29 September 2012)

Baraka Al Yamaniyah

  1. Muqrin (born 15 September 1945); Crown Prince (23 January 2015— 29 April 2015)

Futayma

  1. Hamoud (1947 – February 1994) [44]

Mudhi bint Abdullah Almandeel Al Khalidi

Mudhi was from Bani Khalid [ citation needed ]

  1. Shaikha (born 1922)[ citation needed ]

Aliyah Fakeer

  1. Majid (I) (1939–1940)[ citation needed ]
  2. Abdul Saleem (1941–1942)[ citation needed ]
  3. Jiluwi (I) (1942–1944)[ citation needed ]
  4. Jiluwi (II) (1952–1952); the youngest son of Ibn Saud but died as an infant.[ citation needed ]

Grandchildren

Ibn Saud has approximately a thousand grandchildren. [50] The following is a select list of notable grandsons in the male line. They will be in the line of succession to the Saudi Arabian throne.

Patrilineal grandsons

Deceased

Granddaughters

Great-grandchildren

Patrilineal great-grandsons of Ibn Saud

Great-granddaughters

Great-great-grandchildren

Non-patrilineal descendants of Ibn Saud

Notes

  1. 1 2 Ibn Saud incorporated the kingdoms of Nejd and Hejaz into the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia on 23 September 1932. Thereafter, he reigned as King of Saudi Arabia until his death in 1953.
  2. ↑ In addition to their political role, the rulers of the Al Saud family also held religious authority over their subjects, holding the title of imam.

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Fahd of Saudi Arabia</span> King of Saudi Arabia from 1982 to 2005

Fahd bin Abdulaziz Al Saud was King and Prime Minister of Saudi Arabia from 13 June 1982 until his death in 2005. Prior to his ascension, he was Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia from 1975 to 1982. He was the eighth son of King Abdulaziz, the founder of modern Saudi Arabia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">House of Saud</span> Royal family of Saudi Arabia

The House of Al Saud is the ruling royal family of Saudi Arabia. It is composed of the descendants of Muhammad bin Saud, founder of the Emirate of Diriyah, known as the First Saudi State, (1727–1818), and his brothers, though the ruling faction of the family is primarily led by the descendants of Ibn Saud, the modern founder of Saudi Arabia. It forms a subtribe of the larger prominent ancient Banu Hanifa tribe of Arabia, from which well known 7th century Arabian theologist Maslama ibn Ḥabīb originates. The most influential position of the royal family is the King of Saudi Arabia, an absolute monarch. The family in total is estimated to comprise 15,000 members; however, the majority of power, influence and wealth is possessed by a group of about 2,000 of them. Some estimates of the royal family's wealth measure their net worth at $1.4 trillion. This figure includes the market capitalization of Saudi Aramco, the state oil and gas company, and its vast assets in fossil fuel reserves, making them the wealthiest family in the world and the wealthiest in recorded history.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sultan bin Abdulaziz</span> Saudi royal and politician (c. 1928–2011)

Sultan bin Abdulaziz Al Saud, called Sultan the Good in Saudi Arabia, was the Saudi defense minister from 1963 to 2011 and the Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia from 2005 until his death in October 2011.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sudairi Seven</span> Alliance of seven Saudi royal siblings

The Sudairi Seven, also spelled Sudairy or Sudayri, is the commonly used name for a powerful alliance of seven full brothers within the Saudi royal family. They are also sometimes referred to as the Sudairi clan or the Sudairi faction. They are among the forty-five sons of the country's founder, King Abdulaziz. The King had more sons with their mother, Hussa bint Ahmed Al Sudairi, than he did with any of his other wives.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sa'ad bin Abdul Rahman Al Saud</span> Saudi royal, brother and supporter of King Abdulaziz (1890–1915)

Sa'ad bin Abdul Rahman Al Saud was the brother of Abdulaziz, Emir of Nejd. He was one of Abdulaziz's most devoted supporters and a key lieutenant in his early military campaigns.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Muhammad bin Abdul Rahman Al Saud</span> Saudi royal, soldier, and politician (1877–1943)

Muhammad bin Abdul Rahman Al Saud was an Arabian soldier and politician who played a role in the conquests of his half-brother Abdulaziz that led to the formation of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Muqrin bin Abdulaziz</span> Saudi royal, military official and former Crown Prince (born 1945)

Muqrin bin Abdulaziz Al Saud is a Saudi Arabian politician, businessman, and former military aviator who was briefly Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia from January to April 2015, during the first three months of his half-brother King Salman's reign. He is the 35th son of King Abdulaziz, born to Abdulaziz's Yemeni concubine Baraka. Since the death of Abdulaziz's 36th son Hamoud in 1994, Muqrin has been the youngest surviving son of the king.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Succession to the Saudi Arabian throne</span> Order of succession in Saudi Arabia

The order of succession to the Saudi Arabian throne is determined by, and within, the House of Saud. Every King of Saudi Arabia, upon his death, has been succeeded by the crown prince, with a new crown prince then being appointed according to a loose form of agnatic seniority among the sons of Ibn Saud, though various members of the family have been bypassed for various reasons. A deputy crown prince was first selected in 2014.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bandar bin Abdulaziz Al Saud</span> Saudi royal (1921 or 1923–2019)

Bandar bin Abdulaziz Al Saud was the tenth son of King Abdulaziz. At the time of his death, he was the eldest surviving member of the Saudi ruling family.

Fahd bin Salman Al Saud was a Saudi royal, businessman, and thoroughbred racer. He was a son of King Salman and one of the grandsons of Saudi's founder King Abdulaziz.

Hussa bint Ahmed Al Sudairi was one of the wives of King Abdulaziz of Saudi Arabia, with whom she had seven sons and four daughters. Her sons included two future Saudi kings, Fahd and Salman, as well as Sultan bin Abdulaziz and Nayef bin Abdulaziz, who both later served as crown prince, both dying in that position. Her sons with Abdulaziz are commonly known as the Sudairi Seven.

Haya bint Abdulaziz Al Saud was a Saudi princess, daughter of King Abdulaziz and sister of King Saud and King Faisal. She was a contemporary to six Saudi kings from Ibn Saud to King Abd Allah.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Faisal bin Bandar Al Saud (born 1945)</span> Saudi royal and governor (born 1945)

Faisal bin Bandar bin Abdulaziz Al Saud is a Saudi royal, a grandson of Saudi Arabia's founder King Abdulaziz, who has served as the governor of Riyadh since 2015.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Allegiance Council</span> Institution of succession to the Saudi throne

The Allegiance Council, also known as the Allegiance Commission or Allegiance Institution or Succession Commission, is the body responsible for determining future succession to the throne of Saudi Arabia. It was formed on 7 December 2007 by King Abdullah. At the time of its formation, the Council's intended function was to appoint a Crown Prince once a new King succeeds to the throne.

Turki bin Sultan Al Saud was deputy minister of culture and information of Saudi Arabia. He was a member of the House of Saud and was one of the grandsons of Saudi's founder King Abdulaziz.

Al Jawhara bint Musaed bin Jiluwi Al Saud was the fourth spouse and one of the 22 consorts of Abdulaziz, Emir of Nejd, who later became the first King of Saudi Arabia. She was the mother of King Khalid, Prince Muhammad and Princess Al Anoud. King Abdulaziz stated in 1951 that despite being married many times, Al Jawhara bint Musaed was his only love.

Turki bin Abdullah Al Saud is the seventh son of former King Abdullah of Saudi Arabia and one of the grandsons of Saudi's founder King Abdulaziz. He served as deputy governor and then, governor of Riyadh Province from 2013 to 29 January 2015. He was one of the 11 princes detained in November 2017 by Mohammad bin Salman as a part of his anti-corruption drive on accusations of corruption in the Riyadh Metro project and taking advantage of his influence to award contracts to his own companies. It was reported in August 2023 that after a trial he was sentenced to 17 years in prison.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Fahd bin Abdullah bin Mohammed Al Saud</span> Saudi royal and military official (born 1941)

Fahd bin Abdullah Al Saud is the former deputy defence minister of Saudi Arabia and a member of the House of Saud.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Faisal bin Turki I Al Saud</span> Saudi royal and politician (1918–1968)

Faisal bin Turki I Al Saud was a Saudi royal and politician. He was the only son of Prince Turki I and the eldest grandson of Saudi's founder King Abdulaziz. He served as minister of interior during the reign of King Saud, his uncle and step-father, and was the country's first minister of labour and social affairs. Although he was very close to King Saud, Prince Faisal was one of the Saudi royals who signed the document that asked Saud to abdicate in 1964.

Fahd bin Turki Al Saud is a Saudi Arabian prince, a grandson of Saudi's founder King Abdulaziz, and military officer who served as the commander of the Saudi-led coalition joint forces operating in Yemen. He was relieved from his position and forced into retirement upon a royal decree issued on 31 August 2020. In June 2021, he was said to have been sentenced to death over an alleged coup attempt.

References

  1. ↑ Reich, Bernard (1990). Political Leaders of the Contemporary Middle East and North Africa. Westport: Greenwood Press. ISBN   9780313262135 . Retrieved 22 October 2016.
  2. ↑ "The Al-Saud Family". Geocities.ws. Archived from the original on 28 August 2013. Retrieved 23 August 2013.[ better source needed ]
  3. ↑ Henderson, Simon (25 October 2006). "New Saudi Rules on Succession". The Washington Institute. Archived from the original on 8 January 2013. Retrieved 10 January 2013.
  4. ↑ "Al Orair – King Saud's Maternal Ancestory – History of King Saud | King Saud". www.kingsaud.org. Archived from the original on 22 January 2017. Retrieved 22 October 2016.
  5. ↑ "Kingsaud website". kingsaud.net. Archived from the original on 22 October 2016. Retrieved 22 October 2016.
  6. 1 2 "King Saud's Maternal ancestry". Information Source. Archived from the original on 15 March 2016. Retrieved 3 April 2013.
  7. ↑ "تحقيق سلسة نسب والدة الملك سعود بن عبدالعزيز آل سعود" [The achievements of the mother of King Saud bin Abdulaziz Al Saud] (in Arabic). March 2011. Archived from the original on 14 May 2014. Retrieved 27 April 2013.
  8. ↑ "AL-SAUD FAMILY (Saudi Arabia)". European Institute for research on Mediterranean and Euro-Arab cooperation. MEDEA INSTITUTE. Archived from the original on 8 March 2016. Retrieved 22 October 2016.
  9. 1 2 3 4 5 "Princess Wadha Al Ureier King Saud's Mother". King Saud Library. Archived from the original on 16 June 2021. Retrieved 16 June 2021.
  10. ↑ Joseph A. Kéchichian (2001). Succession in Saudi Arabia. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. p. 26. ISBN   9780312238803.
  11. ↑ "تحقيق سلسة نسب والدة الملك سعود (Lineage of King Saud's mother)" (in Arabic). King Saud Library. 2018. Retrieved 16 June 2021.
  12. ↑ Abdul Wahap Saleh Babeair (1985). Ottoman Penetration of the Eastern Region of the Arabian Peninsula, 1814-1841 (PhD thesis). Indiana University. p. 24. ProQuest   303386071.
  13. ↑ Mohammed Ameen (1981). A study of Egyptian rule in eastern Arabia (1814–1841) (PhD thesis). McGill University. p. 4. ProQuest   89133255.
  14. 1 2 Yamani, May. "From fragility to stability: a survival strategy for the Saudi monarch" (PDF) (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 August 2016. Retrieved 9 October 2016.
  15. ↑ "Wadhah Bint Muhammad bin 'Aqab – Rodovid EN". en.rodovid.org. Archived from the original on 11 October 2016. Retrieved 20 June 2016.
  16. ↑ Yamani, Mai (March 2009). "From fragility to stability: a survival strategy for the Saudi monarchy" (PDF). Contemporary Arab Affairs. 2 (1): 90–105. doi:10.1080/17550910802576114. Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 September 2013. Retrieved 5 April 2012.
  17. 1 2 3 4 Winberg Chai (22 September 2005). Saudi Arabia: A Modern Reader. University Press. p. 193. ISBN   978-0-88093-859-4. Archived from the original on 9 October 2013. Retrieved 26 February 2013.
  18. ↑ "Appendix A Chronology of the Life of Ibn Saud" (PDF). Springer. p. 197.
  19. ↑ Mustafa Al Sadawi (24 May 2018). "نفحات من زوجات الملك عبد العزيز.. أمهات ملوك المملكة". Sayidaty (in Arabic). Retrieved 2 July 2021.
  20. ↑ Yamani, Mai (January–March 2009). "From fragility to stability: a survival strategy for the Saudi monarchy" (PDF). Contemporary Arab Affairs. 2 (1): 90–105. doi:10.1080/17550910802576114. Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 September 2013. Retrieved 5 April 2012.
  21. ↑ Madawi Al Rasheed (2010). A History of Saudi Arabia (2nd ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 75. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511993510. ISBN   978-0-5217-4754-7.
  22. ↑ "Munira Bint Abdul-Aziz Al Saud b. about 1905 - Rodovid EN". en.rodovid.org. Archived from the original on 11 October 2016. Retrieved 20 June 2016.
  23. ↑ "King Saud's Maternal ancestry". Information Source. Archived from the original on 3 August 2017. Retrieved 3 April 2013.
  24. ↑ "Wahhabism – A Unifier or a Divisive Element". APS Diplomat News Service. 7 January 2013. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
  25. ↑ "طرفة بنت عبد الله بن عبد اللطيف آل الشيخ". www.kachaf.com (in Arabic). Retrieved 21 March 2024.
  26. ↑ "Tarfah Bint Abdullah Al al-Shaykh – Rodovid EN". Archived from the original on 11 October 2016.
  27. ↑ "زوجات الملك عبدالعزيز..تاريخ يحكي تقديم الرجال إلى" [The wives of King Abdulaziz "history tells men to provide"] (in Arabic). 22 September 2011. Archived from the original on 19 May 2016. Retrieved 20 June 2016.
  28. ↑ "Nura Bint Abdul-Aziz Al Saud b. about 1903 - Rodovid EN". en.rodovid.org. Archived from the original on 11 October 2016. Retrieved 20 June 2016.
  29. ↑ As'ad AbuKhalil (2004). The Battle for Saudi Arabia. Royalty, fundamentalism and global power. New York City: Seven Stories Press. ISBN   1-58322-610-9. Archived from the original on 24 June 2016.
  30. ↑ "Lulua bint Salih Al Dakhil". Datarabia. Retrieved 10 August 2012.(subscription required)
  31. ↑ "Biography of Bazza". Datarabia. Retrieved 10 August 2012.
  32. ↑ Henderson, Simon (1994). "After King Fahd" (Policy Paper). Washington Institute. Archived (PDF) from the original on 17 May 2013. Retrieved 7 August 2013.
  33. 1 2 "Princes of Riyadh". Ministry of Interior. Archived from the original on 28 September 2013. Retrieved 9 June 2012.
  34. ↑ Kechichian, Joseph A. (2001). Succession in Saudi Arabia. New York: Palgrave. ISBN   9780312238803 . Retrieved 22 October 2016.
  35. ↑ "Prince Musaed bin Abdulaziz passes away". Arab News. Jeddah. 20 August 2013. Archived from the original on 20 August 2013. Retrieved 20 August 2013.
  36. ↑ "Saudi Princess Al Bandari passes away". Independent Bangladesh. UNB. 11 March 2008. Archived from the original on 18 May 2011. Retrieved 1 April 2008.
  37. ↑ "Princess Luluwah bint Abdulaziz passed away". SPA. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015.
  38. ↑ "Saudi crown prince attends funeral prayer of Princess Latifa bint Abdulaziz". Arab News. 4 September 2024. Retrieved 5 September 2024.
  39. ↑ "Biography of Shahida". Datarabia. Retrieved 10 August 2012.
  40. ↑ Joseph A. Kechichian (2001). Succession in Saudi Arabia. New York City: Palgrave. ISBN   9780312238803 . Retrieved 22 October 2016.
  41. ↑ "Biography of Bazzah". Datarabia. Retrieved 10 August 2012.
  42. ↑ Henderson, Simon (1994). "After King Fahd" (Policy Paper). Washington Institute. Archived (PDF) from the original on 12 April 2013. Retrieved 2 February 2013.
  43. ↑ "Saudi princess dies at age 90". Beaver County Times. 4 May 2003. Retrieved 4 August 2012.
  44. 1 2 Sabri, Sharaf (2001). The House of Saud in commerce: A study of royal entrepreneurship in Saudi Arabia. New Delhi: I.S. Publications. ISBN   81-901254-0-0 . Retrieved 22 October 2016.
  45. ↑ "Death of Princess Sultanah". Archived from the original on 13 August 2008. Retrieved 18 July 2008.
  46. ↑ "News". Archived from the original on 16 July 2011. Retrieved 8 November 2009.
  47. ↑ "مصاهرة الملك عبدالعزيز للقبائل". KSA Studies (in Arabic). 22 October 2017. Retrieved 8 September 2020.[ permanent dead link ]
  48. ↑ Andrew J. Shryock (1990). "The Rise of Nasir Al-Nims: A Tribal Commentary on Being and Becoming a Shaykh". Journal of Anthropological Research . 46 (2): 163. doi:10.1086/jar.46.2.3630070. JSTOR   3630070. S2CID   147396225.
  49. ↑ Alexander Blay Bligh (1981). Succession to the throne in Saudi Arabia. Court Politics in the Twentieth Century (PhD thesis). Columbia University. p. 115. ProQuest   303101806.
  50. ↑ "A Royal Family Tree | House Of Saud | FRONTLINE | PBS". www.pbs.org. Archived from the original on 6 June 2016. Retrieved 20 June 2016.
  51. 1 2 3 4 5 "King Abdullah names members of the Allegiance Commission". 10 December 2007. Archived from the original on 1 June 2012. Retrieved 20 May 2012.
  52. ↑ "Custodian of the two holly mosques issues royal decrees".
  53. ↑ "Saudi deputy defence minister Prince Khalid Bin Sultan replaced". Gulf News. Reuters. 20 April 2013. Archived from the original on 24 April 2013. Retrieved 20 April 2013.
  54. ↑ Ghafour, P.K. Abdul (12 February 2008). "Prince Sultan Gets 4-Year Extension as SCT Secretary-General". Arab News. Archived from the original on 8 February 2013. Retrieved 9 November 2012.
  55. ↑ "Saudi deputy crown prince grants ground forces chief new military rank". english.alarabiya.net. 25 April 2017. Archived from the original on 11 October 2017. Retrieved 12 November 2017.
  56. ↑ "Saudi King makes key civil, military appointments". 26 February 2018. Archived from the original on 27 February 2018. Retrieved 27 February 2018.
  57. ↑ "Saudi Royal decree announces new appointments, restores benefits to government employees". Arab News. 23 April 2017. Archived from the original on 23 April 2017. Retrieved 23 April 2017.
  58. ↑ Khan, Fouzia (23 July 2014). "National initiative program for Saudi youth launched". Arab News . Archived from the original on 2 April 2015.
  59. ↑ "Saudi firms keen on investing in Sudan oil industry". Saudi Gazette . 6 January 2013. Archived from the original on 2 April 2015.
  60. ↑ "In front of King Salman: princes, ministers, governors of regions, swear an oath". Al Riyadh . 1 February 2015. Archived from the original on 2 April 2015.
  61. ↑ ""Tunisia Economic City" project focus of Ben Jaafar / Fahd bin Muqrin bin Abdulaziz talk". Tunis Afrique Presse. 8 September 2014. Archived from the original on 2 April 2015.
  62. ↑ "Saudi Leaders Pledge Oath to New King". Saudi-U.S. Relations Information Service. 2 February 2015. Archived from the original on 1 April 2015. Retrieved 9 October 2016.
  63. ↑ Simon Henderson (10 November 2019). "Meet the Next Generation of Saudi Rulers". Foreign Policy. Retrieved 10 August 2020.
  64. ↑ Karen Elliott House (June 2017). "Saudi Arabia in Transition: From Defense to Offense, But How to Score?" (Senior Fellow Paper). Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs. p. 5. Retrieved 2 June 2020.
  65. ↑ Elena Panarella; Rossella Fabiani (12 September 2018). "Il principe Faysal bin Sattam a Roma: è la nuova generazione della diplomazia di Riad". Il Messaggero (in Italian). Retrieved 10 August 2020.
  66. ↑ Adriana Cantiani (18 January 2019). "Faisal bin Sattam bin Abdulaziz Al Saud: Ambassador of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in Italy". Al Maghrebiya. Retrieved 10 August 2020.[ permanent dead link ]
  67. ↑ Akkad, Dania (8 November 2017). "Mystery surrounds fate of late King Fahd's son amid Saudi crackdown". Middle East Eye. Archived from the original on 10 November 2017. Retrieved 10 November 2017.
  68. ↑ "Suudi kralın pilot yeğeni gayrımenkul için geldi" [Pilot nephew of the King came to Turkey for real estate]. Milliyet. 6 November 2011. Archived from the original on 19 January 2012. Retrieved 16 May 2012.
  69. ↑ "Son of former Saudi crown prince named deputy defence minister". Reuters. 6 August 2013. Archived from the original on 11 August 2013. Retrieved 7 August 2013.
  70. ↑ "سمو ولي العهد يحتفل بزواج ابنه الأمير سعود". Al Riyadh. Retrieved 6 September 2016.
  71. ↑ "الصفحة غير موجودة | مجلة المرأة العربية". Archived from the original on 29 March 2020. Retrieved 11 October 2020.
  72. ↑ "فبراير, 2016 - صحيفة المواطن الإلكترونية". Al Mowaten. Retrieved 6 September 2016.
  73. ↑ "مركز والدة الأمير سعود بن سلمان بن محمد للأشخاص ذوي الإعاقة – مؤسسة الأمير محمد بن سلمان بن محمد ال سعود الخيرية (أمل الخيرية)". MSM. Archived from the original on 29 March 2019. Retrieved 6 September 2016.
  74. ↑ "Prince Abdulaziz bin Salman appointed Saudi Minister of Energy". Saudi Gazette. 8 September 2019. Retrieved 8 March 2020.
  75. ↑ "الأمير سلمان يشرّف حفل تخرّج الملازم طيار خالد بن سلمان". جريدة الرياض (in Arabic). Archived from the original on 3 April 2017. Retrieved 2 April 2017.
  76. ↑ Jafar Al Bakl (16 December 2014). "الفحولة وآل سعود... والشرف المراق على جوانبه الدم". Al Akhbar (in Arabic). Retrieved 12 September 2020.
  77. ↑ "الديوان الملكي: وفاة الأمير بندر بن محمد بن عبدالعزيز". Archived from the original on 28 February 2014.
  78. ↑ "Saudi Prince Bandar bin Khalid bin Abdulaziz Al Saud passes away". Khaleej Times. 13 March 2018. Retrieved 20 June 2020.
  79. ↑ "Prince Saad bin Faisal bin Abdulaziz passed away, announces the Royal Court The official Saudi Press Agency". spa.gov.sa. Archived from the original on 10 August 2017.
  80. ↑ Kingdom mourns death of pioneering Saudi poet Prince Badr bin Abdul Mohsen
  81. ↑ KSA: Prince Talal bin Mansour bin Abdulaziz Al Saud passes away
  82. ↑ "Saudi King orders Cabinet reshuffle, amendments for state bodies". Kuwait News Agency. 1 January 2015. Archived from the original on 2 February 2015.
  83. ↑ "Shaikh Khalid bin Hamad marries daughter of Saudi Monarch". Bahrain News Agency. 16 June 2011. Archived from the original on 29 March 2014.
  84. ↑ "Saudi prince passes away; Royal Court issues statement". Siasat. 5 June 2020. Archived from the original on 18 December 2020. Retrieved 23 May 2021.
  85. ↑ "Saudi Royal decree announces new appointments, restores benefits to government employees". Arab News. 23 April 2017. Archived from the original on 22 April 2017. Retrieved 4 January 2017.
  86. ↑ "Who's Who: Prince Abdullah bin Khalid bin Sultan, Saudi Arabia's ambassador to Austria". Arab News. 29 August 2019. Retrieved 12 July 2020.
  87. ↑ "Who's Who: Prince Abdullah bin Khalid bin Sultan Al-Saud, ambassador to Slovakia and Slovenia". Arab News. 21 January 2020. Retrieved 12 July 2020.
  88. ↑ "Saudi King Fires 2 Royals in Defense Corruption Inquiry". The New York Times . Cairo. Reuters. 31 August 2020 – via NYTimes.com.
  89. ↑ Quick, Harriet (19 September 2016). "Meet Deena Aljuhani Abdulaziz: the Saudi princess launching Vogue Arabia". The Telegraph. Archived from the original on 6 March 2017. Retrieved 6 March 2017.
  90. ↑ "Meet the Next Generation of Saudi Rulers". 10 November 2017. Archived from the original on 13 November 2017. Retrieved 12 November 2017.
  91. ↑ "STC names Al Faisal as chairman". Argaam. 9 May 2018. Retrieved 8 October 2020.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.