Diplodus annularis

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Annular sea bream
Diplodus annularis Minorca.jpg
Annular sea bream in Menorca (Balearic Island, Spain)
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Spariformes
Family: Sparidae
Genus: Diplodus
Species:
D. annularis
Binomial name
Diplodus annularis
Synonyms [2]
  • Sciaena melanura Pallas, 1814
  • Sparus annularis Linnaeus, 1758
  • Sparus sparlotus Rafinesque, 1810
  • Sparus sparulus Lacepède, 1802

Diplodus annularis, the annular seabream is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sparidae, the family which includes the seabreams and porgies. This species is found in the Eastern Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean.

Contents

Taxonomy

Diplodus annularis was first formally described as Sparus annularis in 1758 in the 10th edition of Systema Naturae by Carl Linnaeus with its type locality given as the Adriatic Sea. [3] In 1810, Constantine Samuel Rafinesque placed S. annularis in the monospecific genus Diplodus, and so this species is the type species of that genus by monotypy. [4] The genus Diplodus is placed in the family Sparidae within the order Spariformes by the 5th edition of Fishes of the World . [5] Some authorities classify this genus in the subfamily Sparinae, [6] but the 5th edition of Fishes of the World does not recognise subfamilies within the Sparidae. [5]

Etymology

Diplodus annularis has the specific name annularis, meaning "ring-shaped", a reference to ring shaped marking around the caudal peduncle. [7]

Description

Diplodus annularis has a deep, compressed body with an elongated ovate shape. [8] Its dorsal fin is supported by 11 spines and between 11 and 13 soft rays while there are 3 spines and 11 or 12 soft rays supporting the anal fin. [2] There are 8 incisor-like teeth in the front of each jaw with 1 to 3 rows of molar-like teeth just behind the incisors. The overall colour is silvery grey with a yellowish tint with an almost complete dark ring around the caudal peduncle just behind the dorsal and anal fins. The pelvic fins are yellowish and the other fins are pale. The juvenile shave dark bars and the ring on the caudal peduncle is complete. [9] The annular seabream has a maximum published total length of 28 cm (11 in), although 13 cm (5.1 in) is more typical, and a maximum published weight of 330 g (12 oz). [2]

Distribution and habitat

Diplodus annularis is widespread in the Mediterranean Sea, in the Black and Azov Seas and in the Eastern Atlantic Ocean from the Bay of Biscay south to the Straits of Gibraltar, including Madeira and the Canary Islands. [1] It occurs at depths between 0 and 90 m (0 and 295 ft) [2] over rocky, sandy bottoms and seagrass beds. [9]

Biology

Diplodus annularis, like other Sparids, is mainly predatory and a study in the Gulf of Gabes in Tunisia found that their diet was dominated by molluscs and other bony fishes, with crustaceans and plant material also being important. [10] This species is an intermediate host of the fluke Cardiocephaloides longicollis which has gulls as its terminal host with snails as the primary host. Fishing discards which are fed on by gulls has increased the rate of infection of annular breams off Valencia in eastern Spain. [11] In the Gulf of Gabes, the spawning period runs from March to June, peaking in May. [12] In the Canary Islands the spawning season is slightly earlier than in Tunisia. This species is mainly a rudimentary hermaphrodite with fish becoming sexually mature as either males or females but in some populations, they can be protandrous hermaphrodites. [13] [8]

Fisheries

Diplodus annularis is a target species for commercial fisheries and, in Sicily and the Adriatic, the fishery is semi-industrial while in others it is caught in artisanal fisheries. It is also targeted by recreational anglers. It is caught using trawl nets, beach seines, hand lines, bottom long lines and with gill and trammel nets. It is readily found in fish markets in the Mediterranean, for example it is easily available in Israel, but very infrequently sold in Morocco. The fish landed are sold fresh or as fish preserved by freezing and drying and salting. It is not highly valued as a food fish. Landed fish also go to make fishmeal and oil. There is an important fishery for this species in the Gulf of Gabes. [1]

Related Research Articles

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Black seabream</span> Species of fish

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Spottail pinfish</span> Species of fish

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Saddled seabream</span> Species of fish

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<i>Pagellus bellottii</i> Species of fish

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<i>Boops</i> Genus of fishes

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<i>Diplodus sargus</i> Species of fish

Diplodus sargus, the sargo, common white seabream, or white seabream is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sparidae, which includes the seabreams and porgies. This fish is found in the eastern Atlantic Ocean and in the Mediterranean Sea. It is a target species for commercial fisheries and is grown in aquaculture. D. sargussensu lato was formerly thought to be a widespread species in the eastern Atlantic and western Indian Oceans but the taxa outside of D, sargussensu stricto are now recognised as valid species and are part of the D. sargus species complex.

<i>Diplodus</i> Genus of fishes

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<i>Archosargus</i> Genus of fishes

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<i>Diplodus vulgaris</i> Species of fish

Diplodus vulgaris, the common two-banded sea bream, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sparidae, which includes the seabreams and porgies. This species is found in the northeastern Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean. It is an important species for fisheries and is grown in aquaculture.

<i>Diplodus cervinus</i> Species of fish

Diplodus cervinus, the zebra sea bream, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sparidae, which includes the seabreams and porgies. This species is found in the temperate north eastern Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Banded seabream</span> Species of fish

The banded seabream is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sparidae, which includes the seabreams and porgies. This species is endemic to Cape Verde in the eastern Atlantic Ocean.

<i>Diplodus prayensis</i> Species of fish

Diplodus prayensis, the two-banded seabream, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sparidae, which includes the seabreams and porgies. This species is endemic to the Cape Verde Islands.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">St. Helena white seabream</span> Species of fish

The St. Helena white seabream is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sparidae, which includes the seabreams and porgies. This fish is endemic to the island of Saint Helena in the southern Atlantic.

<i>Diplodus hottentotus</i> Species of fish

Diplodus hottentotus, the zebra, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sparidae, which includes the seabreams and porgies. This fish is found in the Western Indian Ocean off Southern Africa.

<i>Diplodus capensis</i> Species of fish

Diplodus capensis, the Cape white seabream or blacktail seabream, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sparidae, which includes the seabreams and porgies. This fish is found around the coasts of Southern Africa.

<i>Diplodus puntazzo</i> Species of fish

Diplodus puntazzo, the sharpsnout seabream, sheephead bream or puntazzo, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sparidae, which includes the seabreams and porgies. This species is found in the, Eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean and Black Seas. This omnivorous fish is an important species for aquaculture and fisheries, despite the flesh not being highly esteemed.

<i>Spondyliosoma</i> Genus of fish

Spondyliosoma is a genus of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sparidae, which includes the seabreams and porgies. The genus contains two species, one, the black seabream, from the eastern Atlantic Ocean and the other, the steentjie seabream, from the western Indian Ocean.

References

  1. 1 2 3 Russell, B.; Carpenter, K.E. & Pollard, D. (2014). "Diplodus annularis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2014: e.T170260A1303905. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2014-3.RLTS.T170260A1303905.en . Retrieved 19 January 2024.
  2. 1 2 3 4 Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.) (2023). "Diplodus annularis" in FishBase. October 2023 version.
  3. ↑ Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Species in the genus Diplodus". Catalog of Fishes . California Academy of Sciences . Retrieved 19 January 2024.
  4. ↑ Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Genera in the family Sparidae". Catalog of Fishes . California Academy of Sciences . Retrieved 19 January 2024.
  5. 1 2 Nelson, J.S.; Grande, T.C.; Wilson, M.V.H. (2016). Fishes of the World (5th ed.). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons. pp. 502–506. doi:10.1002/9781119174844. ISBN   978-1-118-34233-6. LCCN   2015037522. OCLC   951899884. OL   25909650M.
  6. ↑ Parenti, P. (2019). "An annotated checklist of the fishes of the family Sparidae". FishTaxa. 4 (2): 47–98.
  7. ↑ "Order SPARIFORMES: Families LETHRINIDAE, NEMIPTERIDAE and SPARIDAE". The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database. Christopher Scharpf. 22 December 2023. Retrieved 18 January 2024.
  8. 1 2 Kent E. Carpenter (2016). "Sparidae". In Carpenter, K.E. and De Angelis, N. (eds.). The living marine resources of the Eastern Central Atlantic Volume 2 Bony fishes part 2 (Perciformes to Tetradontiformes) and Sea turtles (PDF). FAO Species Identification Guide for Fishery Purposes. Rome: FAO. pp. 2567–2620. ISBN   978-92-5-109267-5.
  9. 1 2 J-C Hureau. "Diplodus annularis". Fishes of the Northeastern Atlantic and Mediterranean. Naturalis Biodiversity Center. Retrieved 19 January 2024.
  10. ↑ Chaouch, Houda; Ben Abdallah, Olfa; Mohamed, Ghorbel; and Jarboui, Othman (2014). "Feeding habits of the annular seabream, Diplodus annularis (Linnaeus, 1758) (Pisces: Sparidae), in the Gulf of Gabes (Central Mediterranean)". Cahiers de Biologie Marine. 55: 13–19.
  11. ↑ Osset EA; Fernández M; Raga JA; Kostadinova A (2005). "Mediterranean Diplodus annularis (Teleostei: Sparidae) and its brain parasite: unforeseen outcome". Parasitology International. 54 (3): 201–206. doi:10.1016/j.parint.2005.05.002.
  12. ↑ H. Chaouch; O. Hamida-Ben Abdallah; M. Ghorbel; O. Jarboui (2013). "Reproductive biology of the annular seabream, Diplodus annularis (Linnaeus, 1758), in the Gulf of Gabes (Central Mediterranean)". Journal of Applied Ichthyology. 29 (4): 796–800. doi: 10.1111/jai.12162 .
  13. ↑ J. G. Pajuelo and J. M. Lorenzo (2001). "Biology of the annular seabream, Diplodus annularis (Sparidae), in coastal waters of the Canary Islands" (PDF). Journal of Applied Ichthyology. 17: 121–125.
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