| Direzione Investigativa Antimafia | |
|---|---|
| Active | Since 1991 |
| Country | Italy |
| Allegiance | Polizia di Stato Arma dei Carabinieri Guardia di Finanza Polizia Penitenziaria |
| Type | Interforce investigation office |
| Role | Contrast of mafia |
| Part of | Department of Public Security (Italian Ministry of the Interior) |
| Headquarters | Rome and other 20 peripheral offices |
| Motto(s) | Vis Unita Fortior (Strength United is Stronger) |
| Website | http://direzioneinvestigativaantimafia.interno.gov.it |
| Commanders | |
| Director | Maurizio Vallone |
The Direzione Investigativa Antimafia (DIA), also known as the Anti-Mafia Investigation Division, is an Italian multi-force investigation body under the Department of Public Security of the Ministry of the Interior. Its main task is the fight against the mafia-related organized crime in Italy.
DIA was established with the law decree n. 345 of 29 October 1991, [1] following the intensification of the fight against the Sicilian Mafia in Italy, just before the killing of magistrate Giovanni Falcone, the main inspiration and promoter, and was created with the urgent decree during the Andreotti VII government and Italian Minister of Justice Claudio Martelli as a police multy-force body (Carabinieri, Polizia di Stato and Guardia di Finanza).
The DIA was established just before the Direzione Nazionale Antimafia ('National Anti-Mafia Directorate'), with its national anti-mafia prosecutor, and the direzioni distrettuali antimafia ('Districtual Anti-Mafia Directorates'), spread on all the Italian territory within the 26 Court of Appeal. [2] The first director of DIA was the general of Carabinieri Giuseppe Tavormina. [3]
Since 2013, as a police force with general competence, the Polizia Penitenziaria has been part of the DIA organics according to the legislative decree n. 218 of 15 November 2012. [4]
The DIA is a specialized investigation body with the exclusive task of ensuring the proceeding, in a coordinated form, of the preventive investigation activities regarding the organized crime, and to carry out judiciary police investigations related exclusively to crimes attributable to like-mafia associations. [5]
It is an inter-force composition; members are selected from those of the Italian police forces and from the civil personnel of the internal administration (belonging to the public security). [6]
DIA has its own collocation within the Department of Public Security. It has full administrative-financial and management autonomy and its organization is defined by the Ministry of Interior with proper decrees, after consulting the Consiglio generale per la lotta alla criminalità organizzata ('General Council for the Contrast Against Organized Crime'). [7]
At the top of the structure there is a director, chosen in rotation between general officers of Guardia di Finanza and Carabinieri as well as senior directors of Polizia di Stato who had matured a specific competence in the field of the fight against organized crime. [8] In the exercise of his functions, the director is joined to two deputy director, and to one of them is given also the vicarious function, who have the task of overseeing respectively the operative and administrative activities. [8]
The organization is formed by a central building in Rome, articulated in a cabinet division, 3 departments ('Preventive Investigations', 'Judicial Investigations' and 'International Relations for Investigation Purposes') and 7 offices. [8] DIA has a peripheral structure formed by 12 operative centers (Turin, Milan, Genoa, Padua, Florence, Rome, Naples, Bari, Reggio Calabria, Palermo, Catania, Caltanissetta [9] ) and 9 operative sections (Trieste, Salerno, Lecce, Catanzaro, Messina, Trapani, Agrigento, Bologna, Brescia [9] ).
DIA has the tasks of performing investigations of judiciary police related to crimes of mafia-type association and it ensures the progress of preventive investigation activities regarding organized crime.
The director of DIA can propose to courts, competent for territory, the imposition of preventive measures both personal (like special surveillance) and patrimonial (seizure of assets) kind. In particular, the DIA, coordinated by Anti-mafia National Prosecutor, and the anti-mafia district directorates use their instruments as well as the Central DNA laboratory of Polizia Penitenziaria for own investigations.
From 1992 to 31 December 2018, DIA seized assets for over €17 billions and confiscation for almost €10 billions. [10] Moreover, in the same period, about 10 501 people accused of mafia association had been arrested. [10]
The Camorra is an Italian Mafia-type criminal organization and criminal society originating in the region of Campania. It is one of the oldest and largest criminal organizations in Italy, dating to the 17th century. The Camorra's organizational structure is divided into individual groups called "clans". Every capo or "boss" is the head of a clan, in which there may be tens or hundreds of affiliates, depending on the clan's power and structure. The Camorra's main businesses are drug trafficking, racketeering, counterfeiting, and money laundering. It is also not unusual for Camorra clans to infiltrate the politics of their respective areas.
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Salvatore Lo Piccolo, also known as "the Baron", is a Sicilian mafioso and one of the most powerful bosses of Palermo, Sicily. Lo Piccolo rose through the ranks of the Palermo mafia throughout the 1980s and he became the capomandamento of the San Lorenzo district in 1993, replacing Salvatore Biondino, who was sent to prison. Lo Piccolo was a fugitive since 1983 and had been running his Mafia affairs in hiding. With the capture of Bernardo Provenzano on 11 April 2006, Lo Piccolo had been cementing his power and rise to the top of the Palermo Mafia until his own arrest on 5 November 2007. It is believed that his family spread across Europe due to rising tensions, settling in England, Portugal, and southern Spain.
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Giuseppe Piromalli, is an Italian criminal known as a member of the 'Ndrangheta in Calabria. He succeeded his uncle Girolamo Piromalli as head of the family clan that controls the port of Gioia Tauro and is one of the major powers in the 'Ndrangheta. He became a member of La Provincia, a provincial commission of the 'Ndrangheta, formed at the end of the Second 'Ndrangheta war in September 1991 to avoid further internal conflicts.
Giuseppe Morabito, nicknamed 'u tiradrittu, is an Italian criminal and a historical boss of the 'Ndrangheta, a Mafia-type organisation in the region of Calabria (Italy). He hails from Africo in the Locride. He was a fugitive from 1992 and included in the list of most wanted fugitives in Italy until his arrest in February 2004.
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The Barbaro 'ndrina is a powerful clan of the 'Ndrangheta, a criminal and mafia-type organisation in Calabria, Italy. The 'ndrina belongs to the locale of the town of Platì. According to the Direzione Investigativa Antimafia, the Barbaro 'ndrina is one of the most important, if not the most important and powerful 'Ndrangheta clans, not only based in Calabria, but also in the northern Italian regions of Lombardy, Piemonte and overseas in Australia, in particular in the Griffith, New South Wales area.
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Artt. 5–9
La Direzione investigativa antimafia (Dia) ha il suo direttore operativo. E' il generale dei carabinieri Giuseppe Tavormina.
Art. 8, § 1C
Art. 108, § 9.
Il generale di Corpo d' armata Carlo Alfiero lascia la Direzione investigativa antimafia (Dia) [...]. Al suo posto in via di Priscilla si insedia Agatino Pappalardo, che da oggi sarà il nuovo direttore della Dia.
