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The Military Intelligence and Security Service (Dutch: Militaire Inlichtingen- en Veiligheidsdienst) is the military intelligence service of the Netherlands, which operates under the Ministry of Defence. [1] It is tasked with investigating the security of the armed forces and collects military intelligence from and about foreign countries. The civilian counterpart is the General Intelligence and Security Service (AIVD), which operates under the Ministry of the Interior and Kingdom Relations.
The forerunner of all intelligence services in the Netherlands was the GS III, which was created shortly before World War I. This service later (after WW II) became the LAMID (Army Intelligence Service). In 1986, the Government of the Netherlands started a reform of all (Navy, Army and Air Force) military intelligence and security services. The MID (Military Intelligence Service) was formed. In 1989 and 1990 the existing branches (Navy, Army, Air Force, General Intelligence) of the MID were united to make the service stronger. After that reform the single military intelligence service was renamed Military Intelligence and Security Service (MIVD) in 2002, with more focus on challenges the 21st century would present. The MIVD is located on the grounds of the Frederick Barracks in The Hague.
The Minister of Defence is politically responsible for the MIVD. Oversight is provided by two bodies:
The service is, like other intelligence services in the Netherlands, governed by the Wet op de Inlichtingen- en Veiligheidsdiensten 2002 (Law on the Intelligence and Security Services 2002). [1]
In 2024 it was reported that the AIVD and MIVD had recruited journalists to act as their agents domestically and abroad, for which they were paid. This was confirmed in a CTIVD Oversight Committee report. The Dutch Association of Journalists criticized this, with its general-secretary Thomas Bruning saying: "I am ashamed of those who cooperate with this." [4] [5]
The CTIVD also criticized the use of journalists by the AIVD and MIVD, saying they did not properly take into account the risks involved in this activity, particularly in high-risk foreign countries. [6]
The General Intelligence and Security Service is the intelligence and security agency of the Netherlands, tasked with domestic, foreign and signals intelligence and protecting national security as well as assisting the Five Eyes in investigating foreign citizens. The military counterpart is the Military Intelligence and Security Service (MIVD), which operates under the Ministry of Defence.
The General Intelligence and Security Service (GISS), known in Dutch as Algemene Dienst Inlichting en Veiligheid (ADIV), and in French as Service Général du Renseignement et de la Sécurité (SGRS) is the Belgian military intelligence service under responsibility of the Minister of Defence. It is one of two Belgian intelligence services, together with the civilian Belgian State Security Service (VSSE).
The Committee I, or the Standing Intelligence Agencies Review Committee, exercises external oversight over the Belgian State Security Service and the General Intelligence and Security Service and the Coordination Unit for Threat Analysis. It reports to the Belgian Federal Parliament, which appoints and dismisses its members.
The National Coordinator for Security and Counterterrorism, abbreviated as NCTV, is the principal Dutch counterterrorism unit. It was established in January 2005 as the Nationaal Coördinator Terrorismebestrijding (NCTb). The unit was enlarged and renamed in October 2012.
Sharia4Holland was an Islamist movement, openly seeking to institute Sharia law in the Netherlands. The group was an offshoot of the Belgian extremist network Sharia4Belgium.
The Joint Sigint Cyber Unit (JSCU) is a Dutch government organisation, which was founded in 2013 and became operational on June 15, 2014. JSCU's primary tasks are intercepting radio and satellite traffic (Sigint) and obtaining intelligence through cyber-operations. The organisation cooperates closely with allied foreign intelligence agencies.
Gideon "Gidi" Markuszower is an Israeli–Dutch politician of the Party for Freedom (PVV). He became a member of the Netherlands Senate on 9 June 2015. In the 2017 Dutch general election he was elected to the House of Representatives, and gave up his Senate seat. He was fourth on the Party for Freedom list in the 2023 Dutch general election, and therefore continued his term as a member of the House of Representatives.
An advisory referendum on the Intelligence and Security Services Act 2017 was held in the Netherlands on 21 March 2018, alongside the municipal elections. It was the second referendum to be held under the Dutch Advisory Referendum Act after the 2016 Ukraine–European Union Association Agreement referendum.
Hendrikus Wilhelmus Maria "Dick" Schoof is a Dutch civil servant and politician serving as the prime minister of the Netherlands in the Schoof cabinet since 2 July 2024.
The Korps Inlichtingen & Veiligheid Prinses Alexia is a corps within the Royal Netherlands Army that specializes in the gathering and processing of intelligence. The corps, together with the Korps Communicatie & Engagement Prinses Ariane, constitutes the Arm of Information Manoeuver and was established on 20 November 2020.
Onno Eichelsheim is a general in the Royal Netherlands Air Force serving as Chief of Defence of the Netherlands Armed Forces since 15 April 2021. Prior to his post, he served as the Vice Chief of Defence from 1 July 2019 to 8 March 2021.
The Bureau Nationale Veiligheid (BNV) was a Dutch security agency that was founded in 1945 and succeeded in 1946 by the Centrale Veiligheidsdienst, which in turn was transformed into the Binnenlandse Veiligheidsdienst (BVD) in 1949.
The Centrale Veiligheidsdienst (CVD) was a Dutch security agency founded in 1946 as the successor to the Bureau Nationale Veiligheid. It was transformed into the Binnenlandse Veiligheidsdienst in 1949.
Anti-fascist research group Kafka, commonly abbreviated to Kafka, is a Dutch anti-fascist and far-left research group. Its name was said to be an acronym for Kollektief Anti-Fascistisch/-Kapitalistisch Archief before 1994, but the research group has since indicated that they had named themselves after the writer Franz Kafka.
The Nationalist People's Movement was a far-right political organization in the Netherlands. Chairman of the group was Wim Beaux, who was previously active for the Centre Party '86. The NVB was founded in 2006 as a split from the National Alliance, likewise a right-wing extremist organization. The NVB's name, logo and mottoes resembled those of the collaborationist National Socialist Movement of World War II. According to the General Intelligence and Security Service, the NVB "virtually disappeared from the scene" in 2008.
Lieutenant general Jan Renger (Jan) Swillens is a Royal Netherlands Army officer and Commander of the Royal Netherlands Army since 2024.
The Temporary Cyber Operations Act is proposed Dutch legislation that will relax the restrictions on data interception and surveillance in the Intelligence and Security Services Act. It is intended to be used to defend against cyberattacks by other countries.
The Dutch Association of Journalists is a national trade union for journalists, part of the Federation of Dutch Trade Unions. Anyone who fits the description of journalist in the broadest sense of the term can become a member. This includes reporters, investigative journalists, photographers, editors and producers. Both those who work full-time or part-time in any of these capacities are members. The association publishes the Villamedia Magazine, focused on journalism news.
Willemijn J.M. Aerdts is a Dutch politician and scientist who has been a member of the Senate on behalf of Democrats 66 since 13 June 2023. She is also a lecturer and researcher at the Institute of Security and Global Affairs at the Campus The Hague of Leiden University.