Echiodon drummondii

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Echiodon drummondii
FMIB 46245 Drummond's Echiodon.jpeg
Drawing from A History of the Fishes of the British Islands (1877)
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Ophidiiformes
Family: Carapidae
Genus: Echiodon
Species:
E. drummondii
Binomial name
Echiodon drummondii
(Thompson, 1837)
Synonyms [2]
  • Echiodon drummondiThompson, 1837

Echiodon drummondii, sometimes called Drummond's echiodon or Drummond's pearlfish, [3] and in Ireland simply called the pearlfish, [4] is a species of fish in the family Carapidae (pearlfish). [5] [6]

Contents

It is named for James Lawson Drummond, who collected the holotype at Carnlough, Ireland in 1836. [4] [7]

Description

Echiodon drummondii is reddish in colour with a silvery abdomen, operculum and iris and dark markings on the head. [8] It has an eel-like body, up to 30 cm (1 ft) in length, making it among the largest of the family. [9] Its eyes are large, and lateral line is very faint.

Habitat

Echiodon drummondii is bathydemersal, living at depths of 52–403 m (171–1,322 ft) in the North Sea and the waters surrounding Great Britain and Ireland; [8] it has also been recorded off Iceland and the Azores. [10]

Behaviour

Echiodon drummondii can be free-living and feeds on small invertebrates, fish and bottom-dwellers. [8] It is also known to live inside sea cucumbers; the cucumber opens its anus to breathe in, and the pearlfish swims in. [11] [4] Eggs have been discovered in the seabed off County Kerry. [12]

Related Research Articles

Pearlfish are marine fish in the ray-finned fish family Carapidae. Pearlfishes inhabit the tropical waters of the Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific Oceans at depths to 2,000 m (6,600 ft), along oceanic shelves and slopes. They are slender, elongated fish with no scales, translucent bodies, and dorsal fin rays which are shorter than their anal fin rays. Adults of most species live symbiotically inside various invertebrate hosts, and some live parasitically inside sea cucumbers. The larvae are free living.

James Lawson Drummond was an Irish physician, naturalist and botanist.

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References

  1. ↑ "IUCN Red List of Threatened Species".
  2. ↑ "WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - Echiodon drummondii Thompson, 1837". www.marinespecies.org.
  3. ↑ Hamilton, Robert (June 25, 1843). "The Natural History of British Fishes. Vol. I-[II] ..." W.H. Lizars, ... S. Highley, ... London; and W. Curry, jun. and Company Dublin. – via Google Books.
  4. 1 2 3 Foster, John Wilson; Chesney, Helena C. G. (June 25, 1998). Nature in Ireland: A Scientific and Cultural History. McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP. ISBN   9780773518179 – via Google Books.
  5. ↑ "Taxonomy browser (Echiodon drummondii)". www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.
  6. ↑ Cohen, Daniel M.; Nielsen, Jørgen G. G.; Nielsen, Jørgen G. (June 25, 1978). "Guide to the Identification of Genera of the Fish Order Ophidiiformes with a Tentative Classification of the Order". Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service – via Google Books.
  7. ↑ "The Irish Naturalists' Journal". I.N.J. Committee. June 25, 1971 – via Google Books.
  8. 1 2 3 "Echiodon drummondii". www.fishbase.de.
  9. ↑ Nelson, Joseph S.; Grande, Terry C.; Wilson, Mark V. H. (March 16, 2016). Fishes of the World. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN   9781119220817 – via Google Books.
  10. ↑ "WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - Echiodon drummondii Thompson, 1837". www.marinespecies.org.
  11. ↑ "Pearlfish from a Sea Cucumber | Smithsonian Ocean". ocean.si.edu.
  12. ↑ Kennedy, M.; Champ, T. (June 25, 1971). "Occurrence [sic] of Eggs of Echiodon drummondi Thompson on the Coast of County Kerry" – via oar.marine.ie.{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)


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