Eucalyptus parvula

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Small-leaved gum
Eucalyptus parvula Batemans Bay.jpg
Eucalyptus parvula in Batemans Bay Botanic Gardens
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Myrtales
Family: Myrtaceae
Genus: Eucalyptus
Species:
E. parvula
Binomial name
Eucalyptus parvula
Synonyms [1]

Eucalyptus parvifolia Cambage nom. illeg.

Eucalyptus parvula, commonly known as small-leaved gum, [2] is a species of small tree that is endemic to south-eastern New South Wales. It has mostly smooth bark, elliptical to lance-shaped adult leaves but with many juvenile of intermediate leaves in the crown, flower buds in groups of seven, white flowers and cup-shaped fruit.

Contents

Description

Eucalyptus parvula is a tree with a compact crown and that typically grows to a height of 10–15 m (33–49 ft) and forms a lignotuber. It has smooth greyish bark that is shed in long ribbons, often with persistent rough, flaky or fibrous bark at the base of the trunk. Young plants and coppice regrowth have sessile, glossy green, elliptical to egg-shaped or lance shaped leaves that are 16–40 mm (0.63–1.57 in) long, 9–13 mm (0.35–0.51 in) wide and arranged in opposite pairs. Adult leaves are lance-shaped, the same shade of dull green on both sides, 40–70 mm (1.6–2.8 in) long and 6–10 mm (0.24–0.39 in) wide on a petiole up to 5 mm (0.20 in) long. The crown of mature trees characteristically contains large numbers of juvenile and intermediate leaves. [2] [3] [4]

The flower buds are arranged in leaf axils on an unbranched peduncle 2–7 mm (0.079–0.276 in) long, the individual buds sessile. Mature buds are oval to spindle-shaped, about 4 mm (0.16 in) long and 2–3 mm (0.079–0.118 in) wide with a conical to rounded operculum. Flowering occurs from January to March and the flowers are white. The fruit is a woody, cup-shaped capsule 3–4 mm (0.12–0.16 in) long and 3–5 mm (0.12–0.20 in) wide with the valves near rim level. [2] [3] [4] [5]

Taxonomy

Small-leaved gum was first formally described in 1909 by Richard Hind Cambage in Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales . [6] [7] Cambage gave it the name Eucalyptus parvifolia but that name had already been given to a fossil species by John Strong Newberry in 1895 and was therefore a nomen illegitimum. In 1991, Lawrie Johnson and Ken Hill changed the name to E. parvula. [8] [9] The specific epithet (parvula) is from Latin, meaning "very small". [10]

Distribution and habitat

Eucalyptus parvula grassy in grassy woodland in cold, damp places on the Southern Tablelands near Badja Cathcart east of Cooma. [2] [3]

Conservation status

This eucalypt is listed as "vulnerable" under the Australian Government Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 and as "endangered" under the New South Wales Government Biodiversity Conservation Act 2016 . The main threat to the species is grazing by domestic livestock. [11] [12]

Use in horticulture

Small-leaved gum has a compact, rounded shaped with branches close to the ground, making it an ideal specimen plant for small gardens. It is suitable for cold, damp situations and relatively resistant to pests and diseases. [5] In cultivation in the UK, it has received the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit. [13]

Related Research Articles

<i>Eucalyptus viminalis</i> Species of plant

Eucalyptus viminalis, commonly known as the manna gum, white gum or ribbon gum, is a species of small to very tall tree that is endemic to south-eastern Australia. It has smooth bark, sometimes with rough bark near the base, lance-shaped to curved adult leaves, flower buds in groups of three or seven, white flowers and cup-shaped or hemispherical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus polybractea</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus polybractea, commonly known as the blue-leaved mallee or simply blue mallee, is a species of mallee that is endemic to south-eastern Australia. It has rough, fibrous or flaky bark on the lower part of the trunk, smooth greyish or brownish bark above, lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of between seven and eleven, white flowers and cup-shaped or barrel-shaped fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus scoparia</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus scoparia, commonly known as the Wallangarra white gum or willow gum, is a small to medium-sized tree that is endemic to a small area of eastern Australia. It has smooth bark, linear to lance-shaped or curved adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven, white flowers and cup-shaped, hemispherical or bell-shaped fruit. It is restricted to a few rocky mountains near the border between New South Wales and Queensland but is widely cultivated.

<i>Eucalyptus pulverulenta</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus pulverulenta, commonly known as silver-leaved mountain gum, is a species of straggly tree or mallee that is endemic to southern New South Wales. It has smooth bark, egg-shaped, heart-shaped or round, sessile leaves arranged in opposite pairs, flower buds in groups of three, white flowers and cup-shaped to cylindrical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus rubida</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus rubida, commonly known as candlebark, ribbon gum or white gum, is a species of small to medium-sized tree that is endemic to south-eastern Australia. It has smooth bark, sometimes with rough bark at the base, lance-shaped or curved adult leaves, flower buds in groups of three, white flowers and cup-shaped, hemispherical or bell-shaped fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus globulus <span style="font-style:normal;">subsp.</span> bicostata</i> Subspecies of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus globulus subsp. bicostata, commonly known as the southern blue gum, eurabbie, blue gum or Victorian blue gum, is a subspecies of tree that is endemic to south-eastern Australia. It has mostly smooth bark with some persistent slabs of old bark at the base, juvenile leaves with one glaucous side, glossy, lance-shaped adult leaves, warty flower buds in groups of three, white flowers and hemispherical to conical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus kitsoniana</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus kitsoniana, commonly known as the Gippsland mallee or bog gum, is a species of small tree or mallee and is endemic to Victoria. It has mostly smooth bark, a crown containing juvenile, intermediate and adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven, white flowers and sessile, cup-shaped to hemispherical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus racemosa</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus racemosa, commonly known as snappy gum or narrow-leaved scribbly gum, is a species of small to medium-sized tree that is endemic to eastern Australia. It has smooth, mottled bark, lance-shaped to curved or egg-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of between seven and fifteen, white flowers and cup-shaped, conical or hemispherical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus moorei</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus moorei, commonly known as narrow-leaved sally, is a species of mallee that is endemic to New South Wales. It has smooth bark, linear to narrow lance-shaped or curved adult leaves, flower buds in groups of between seven and fifteen, white flowers and cup-shaped or shortened spherical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus blaxlandii</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus blaxlandii, commonly known as Blaxland's stringybark, is a tree that is endemic to south eastern New South Wales. It is a stringybark with lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds arranged in group of nine or eleven, white flowers and hemispherical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus kybeanensis</i>

Eucalyptus kybeanensis, commonly known as the Kybean mallee ash, is a species of mallee or tree that is endemic to south eastern Australia. It has smooth, white or greyish bark, lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven, nine or eleven, white flowers and conical or hemispherical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus kartzoffiana</i>

Eucalyptus kartzoffiana, commonly known as the Araluen gum, is a species of medium-sized tree that is endemic to a small area of southeastern New South Wales. It has rough, fibrous or flaky bark on part or most of its trunk, lance-shaped or curved adult leaves, flower buds in groups of three, white flowers and sessile, bell-shaped fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus benthamii</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus benthamii, commonly known as Camden white gum, Bentham's gum, Nepean River gum, kayer-ro or durrum-by-ang, is a species of tree that is endemic to New South Wales. It has mostly smooth bluish grey or white bark, lance-shaped to curved adult leaves, flower buds arranged in groups of seven, white flowers and cup-shaped, bell-shaped or conical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus behriana</i> Species of plant

Eucalyptus behriana, commonly known as bull mallee and broad-leaved box, is a species of mallee or small tree that is endemic to south-eastern Australia. It has rough, fibrous bark on the lower part of the trunk and smooth bark above, broadly lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven, white flowers and cup-shaped or barrel-shaped fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus subcrenulata</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus subcrenulata, commonly known as Tasmanian alpine yellow gum, is a species of small to medium-sized tree that is endemic to the highlands of Tasmania. It has smooth bark, glossy green, lance-shaped to egg-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of three, white flowers and hemispherical to bell-shaped fruit. It is similar to E. johnstonii, E. vernicosa and E. urnigera.

Eucalyptus vicina, commonly known as the Manara Hills red gum, is a species of mallee in the family Myrtaceae and is endemic to western New South Wales. It has smooth bark, lance-shaped to curved adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven, white flowers and cup-shaped or hemispherical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus lacrimans</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus lacrimans, commonly known as weeping snow gum, is a species of small tree that is endemic to New South Wales. It has smooth white bark, lance-shaped adult leaves with more or less parallel veins, flower buds in groups of seven to eleven or more, white flowers and cup-shaped, conical or barrel-shaped fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus magnificata</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus magnificata, commonly known as blue box or northern blue box, is a species of small tree or sometimes a mallee that is restricted to a small area of New South Wales. It has rough, fibrous or flaky bark on the trunk and larger branches, smooth bark above, broadly lance-shaped to egg-shaped leaves, flower buds in groups of seven, white or pale yellow flowers and conical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus major</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus major, commonly known as grey gum, is a species of tree that is endemic to a small area near the New South Wales - Queensland border. It has smooth greyish bark, lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven and conical to cup-shaped fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus nortonii</i> Species of tree, native to NSW, Australia

Eucalyptus nortonii, commonly known as bundy, mealy bundy or long-leaved box, is a species of small tree that is endemic to south-eastern Australia. It has rough, thick, fibrous or flaky bark on the trunk and larger branches, smooth greyish bark on the thinnest branches, lance-shaped to curved adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven, white flowers and cup-shaped or cylindrical fruit.

References

  1. 1 2 "Eucalyptus parvula". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 27 November 2019.
  2. 1 2 3 4 Hill, Ken. "Eucalyptus parvula". Royal Botanic Garden Sydney. Retrieved 27 November 2019.
  3. 1 2 3 "Eucalyptus parvula". Euclid: Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research. Retrieved 30 May 2020.
  4. 1 2 Brooker, M. Ian H.; Kleinig, David A. (1994). Field Guide to Eucalypts. Melbourne: Inkata Press. p. 191. ISBN   0909605629.
  5. 1 2 Ollerenshaw, Nora. "Eucalyptus parvula". Australian National Botanic Gardens. Retrieved 27 November 2019.
  6. "Eucalyptus parvifolia". APNI. Retrieved 27 November 2019.
  7. Cambage, Richard H. (1909). "Description of a new species of Eucalyptus from the Monaro District". Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales. 34: 336–339. Retrieved 27 November 2019.
  8. "Eucalyptus parvula". APNI. Retrieved 27 November 2019.
  9. Johnson, Lawrence A.S.; Hill, Kenneth D. (1991). "Systematic studies in the eucalypts - 3. New taxa in Eucalyptus (Myrtaceae)". Telopea. 4 (2): 233.
  10. Francis Aubie Sharr (2019). Western Australian Plant Names and their Meanings. Kardinya, Western Australia: Four Gables Press. p. 271. ISBN   9780958034180.
  11. "Approved Conservation Advice for Eucalyptus parvula (Small-leaved Gum)" (PDF). Australian Government Department of Environment. Retrieved 27 November 2019.
  12. "Small-leaved gum - profile". New South Wales Government Office of Environment and Heritage. Retrieved 27 November 2019.
  13. "Eucalyptus parvula". RHS. Retrieved 19 June 2020.