Euhadra

Euhadra
Euhadra quaesita
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Mollusca
Class:	Gastropoda
Order:	Stylommatophora
Family:	Camaenidae
Subfamily:	Bradybaeninae
Tribe:	Euhadrini
Genus:	Euhadra Pilsbry, 1890 [1]
Synonyms
Eulota (Euhadra)Pilsbry, 1890 Helix (Euhadra)Pilsbry, 1890

Euhadra is a genus of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the subfamily Bradybaeninae of the family Camaenidae. ^[2]

(This snail genus was previously placed in the family Eulotidae).

A few of the species in this genus are unusual in that specimens in those species always have left-handed "sinistral" coiling in their shells, as shown in the specimen on the right. The rest of the species in the genus are right-handed or "dextral" in the shell coiling, as is usually the case in the great majority of gastropods.

Distribution

These snails are almost endemic to Japan, but one of them are distributed in Korea.

Species

Most species in this genus have a dextral shell and 5 species are sinistral. ^[3]

Dextral species

Dextral species in the genus Euhadra include:

• Euhadra amaliae (Kobelt, 1875)
• Euhadra awaensis (Pilsbry, 1902)
• Euhadra brandtii (Kobelt, 1875)
• Euhadra callizona (Crosse, 1871)
• Euhadra caspari (Möllendorff, 1884)
• Euhadra cecillei (Philippi, 1849)
• Euhadra congenita (E. A. Smith, 1878)
• Euhadra cyclolabris Möllendorff, 1899
• Euhadra dixoni (Pilsbry, 1900)
• Euhadra eoa (Crosse, 1868)
• Euhadra granulifera (Möllendorff, 1888)
• Euhadra herklotsi (Martens, 1861)
• Euhadra idzumonis (Pilsbry & Gulick, 1900)
• Euhadra kunoensis Kuroda in Masuda & Habe, 1989
• Euhadra latispira (Pilsbry & Hirase, 1909)
  • Euhadra latispira yagurai Kuroda & Habe, 1949 Archived 8 January 2009 at the Wayback Machine
• Euhadra luhuana (G. B. Sowerby I, 1839)
• Euhadra moreletiana (Heude, 1882)
• Euhadra nachicola Kuroda, 1929
• Euhadra nesiotica (Pilsbry, 1902)
• † Euhadra pachya (Pilsbry, 1902)
• Euhadra peliomphala (L. Pfeiffer, 1850)
• Euhadra sadoensis (Pilsbry & Y. Hirase, 1903)
• Euhadra sandai (Kobelt, 1879)
• Euhadra schmackeri (Möllendorff, 1888)
• Euhadra senckenbergiana (Kobelt, 1875)
  • Euhadra senckenbergiana aomoriensis (Gulick & Pilsbry, 1900)
  • Euhadra senckenbergiana ibukicola
  • Euhadra senckenbergiana notoensis
  • Euhadra senckenbergiana minoensis
  • Euhadra senckenbergiana senckenbergiana
• Euhadra sigeonis Kuroda, 1944
• Euhadra subnimbosa (Kobelt, 1894)
• † Euhadra takarajimana M. Azuma & Y. Azuma, 1985
• Euhadra tokarainsula Minato & Habe, 1982
• Euhadra yakushimana (Pilsbry & Hirase, 1903)

• 
  Euhadra senckenbergiana aomoriensis
• 
  Euhadra senckenbergiana aomoriensis
• 
  Euhadra senckenbergiana ibukicola
• 
  Euhadra senckenbergiana senckenbergiana

Sinistral species

Euhadra murayamai

Sinistral species in the genus Euhadra include:

• Euhadra decorata (Pilsbry & Hirase, 1903)
• Euhadra grata (Gude, 1900)
  • Euhadra grata echigoensis Murayama, Takizawa & Habe, 1991
• Euhadra murayamai Habe, 1976
• Euhadra quaesita (Deshayes, 1850), Sought-after False Hadra
• Euhadra scaevola (Martens, 1877)

Species brought into synonymy

• Euhadra amphidromaMöllendorff, 1899: synonym of Trichocathaica amphidroma (Möllendorff, 1899) (original combination)
• Euhadra carphochroaMöllendorff, 1899: synonym of Bradybaena carphochroa (Möllendorff, 1899) (original combination)
• Euhadra erisMöllendorff, 1899: synonym of Bradybaena eris (Möllendorff, 1899) (original combination)
• Euhadra halpozonaMöllendorff, 1899: synonym of Bradybaena halpozona (Möllendorff, 1899) (original combination)
• Euhadra hickonisKobelt, 1879: synonym of Euhadra congenita(E. A. Smith, 1878) (junior synonym)
• Euhadra iwadensisToba & Kuroda, 1936: synonym of Euhadra decorata decorata(Pilsbry & Hirase, 1903) (junior synonym)
• Euhadra kanmuriensisAzuma & Tada, 1969: synonym of Euhadra sandai communisPilsbry, 1928 (junior synonym)
• Euhadra kanoiKuroda, 1932: synonym of Nesiohelix kanoi (Kuroda, 1932) (original combination)
• Euhadra koreana(L. Pfeiffer, 1850): synonym of Fruticicola koreana (L. Pfeiffer, 1850)
• Euhadra micromphalaMöllendorff, 1899: synonym of Bradybaena micromphala (Möllendorff, 1899) (original combination)
• Euhadra pekanensisH. Rolle, 1911: synonym of Satsuma pekanensis (H. Rolle, 1911) (original combination)
• Euhadra pseudocampylaeaMöllendorff, 1899: synonym of Bradybaena pseudocampylaea (Möllendorff, 1899) (original combination)
• Euhadra pseudopapuinaMöllendorff, 1901: synonym of Aegista pseudopapuina (Möllendorff, 1901) (original combination)
• Euhadra strauchianaMöllendorff, 1899: synonym of Bradybaena strauchiana (Möllendorff, 1899) (original combination)
• Euhadra strictotaeniaMöllendorff, 1899: synonym of Bradybaena strictotaenia (Möllendorff, 1899) (original combination)
• Euhadra tenuitestaMöllendorff, 1899: synonym of Bradybaena tenuitesta (Möllendorff, 1899) (original combination)
• Euhadra tobaiS. Hirase, 1929: synonym of Euhadra decorata decorata(Pilsbry & Hirase, 1903) (junior synonym)
• Euhadra tokaranaAzuma, 1982: synonym of Euhadra tokarainsula tokarainsulaMinato & Habe, 1982

References

1. Pilsbry H. A. (1890) In: Tryon & Pilsbry, Manual of Conchology (2)6: 94-95.
2. MolluscaBase eds. (2021). MolluscaBase. Euhadra Pilsbry, 1890. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=995784 on 2021-02-08
3. Davison A, Chiba S, Barton NH, Clarke B (2005). "Speciation and Gene Flow between Snails of Opposite Chirality". PLOS Biology. 3 (9, e282): e282. doi: 10.1371/journal.pbio.0030282 . PMC   1182688 . PMID   16149849.

Further reading

• Richards, Paul M.; Morii, Yuta; Kimura, Kazuki; Hirano, Takahiro; Chiba, Satoshi; Davison, Angus (1 December 2017). "Single-gene speciation: Mating and gene flow between mirror-image snails". Evolution Letters. 1 (6): 282–291. doi:10.1002/evl3.31. ISSN   2056-3744. PMC   6121799 . PMID   30283656.
• Ueshima R. & Asami T. (16 October 2003). "Evolution: Single-gene speciation by left–right reversal". Nature425: 679. doi : 10.1038/425679a
• (in Japanese) Kawana M. (2007). かたつむりの世界〈マイマイ属〉 The world of land snails (Euhadra) in Japan. Nagoya, Kinmirai-sha. 332 pp. ISBN   978-4-906431-25-0 (with English introduction)
• Yamazaki N., Ueshima R., Terrett J. A., Yokobori S., Kaifu M., Segawa R., Kobayashi T., Numachi K., Ueda T., Nishikawa K., Watanabe K. & Thomas R. H. (1997). "Evolution of pulmonate gastropod mitochondrial genomes: comparisons of complete gene organizations of Euhadra, Cepaea and Albinaria and implications of unusual tRNA secondary structures". Genetics145: 749-758.
• Bank, R. A. (2017). Classification of the Recent terrestrial Gastropoda of the World. Last update: July 16, 2017