Eurychorda

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Eurychorda
Eurychorda complanata flower (11961950495).jpg
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Clade: Commelinids
Order: Poales
Family: Restionaceae
Genus: Eurychorda
B.G.Briggs & L.A.S.Johnson
Species:
E. complanata
Binomial name
Eurychorda complanata
Synonyms [1]
  • Restio complanatus R.Br.

Eurychorda is a monotypic genus of flowering plants in the family Restionaceae formally described in 1998. [2] [3] The only known species, Eurychorda complanata, commonly known as the flat cord-rush, is endemic to Australia. [1] It is characterised by flattened stems and reduced, sheathing leaves.

Contents

Description

A perennial or rhizomatous geophyte herb, Eurychorda complanata exhibits a graminoid growth form with tufted or shortly creeping rhizomes, and erect culms ranging from 20–120 cm (7.9–47.2 in) in height and 0.8–3.5 mm (0.031–0.138 in) in diameter. [4] [5] [6] Leaves are reduced pale, glabrous sheaths along the stem with acute apices, approximately 10–25 mm (0.39–0.98 in) long. [4] It has terminal inflorescences of spikelets, typically 5-20, arranged in a narrow panicle with shorter bracts. [4] [6] E. complanata is dioecious. [4] Male spikelets are ovate to globose, about 6–9 mm (0.24–0.35 in) long, with many flowers, while female spikelets are elliptic, approximately 6.5–9 mm (0.26–0.35 in) long, usually pedicellate, and have fewer flowers. [4] Both male and female flowers possess four tepals. [4] It flowers in summer (November, December, January, February) and has dry dehiscent capsule fruit. [4]

Habitat and distribution

Eurychorda complanata thrives in waterlogged peaty vegetation from sea level to sub-alpine areas and is a common species in button grass sedgeland communities. [6] It is common in Tasmania but its distribution extends across south-eastern Australia (Tasmania, Victoria, New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia). [4]

Taxonomy

Eurychorda complanata belongs to the family Restionaceae within the order Poales. [7] It was first identified in 1810 by Robert Brown in Prodromus Florae Novae Hollandiae. [8] [9] The species was then formally described and named in 1998 by Barbara Gillian Briggs & Lawrence Alexander Sidney Johnson. [10] The specific epiphet 'complanata' signifies its flattened morphology. [11]

Threats and conservation

This species is rare in South Australia and listed as vulnerable due to habitat loss and degradation. [11] It is not listed as a threatened species elsewhere in its distribution.

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Restionaceae</span> Family of flowering plants

The Restionaceae, also called restiads and restios, are a family of flowering plants native to the Southern Hemisphere; they vary from a few centimeters to 3 meters in height. Following the APG IV (2016): the family now includes the former families Anarthriaceae, Centrolepidaceae and Lyginiaceae, and as such includes 51 genera with 572 known species. Based on evidence from fossil pollen, the Restionaceae likely originated more than 65 million years ago during the Late Cretaceous period, when the southern continents were still part of Gondwana.

<i>Scaevola aemula</i> Species of plant

Scaevola aemula, commonly known as the fairy fan-flower or common fan-flower, is a species of flowering plant in the family Goodeniaceae. It has mostly egg-shaped leaves and blue, mauve or white fan-shaped flowers. It grows in New South Wales, South Australia and Victoria.

Hypolaena is a plant genus in the family Restionaceae, described as a genus in 1810. The entire genus is endemic to Australia.

<i>Veronica perfoliata</i> Species of flowering plant in the family Plantaginaceae

Veronica perfoliata, commonly known as digger's speedwell, is a common perennial herb found at higher altitudes in south-eastern Australia. It is a low-growing multi-stemmed plant rising from a woody rootstock. It has rounded blue-grey foliage and sprays of intense violet-blue flowers at the end of arching branches. It is occasionally cultivated as a garden plant.

<i>Xyris complanata</i> Species of yelloweyed grass

Xyris complanata, known as the feathered yellow-eye is a tufted herb in the Xyridaceae family. It is native to southern China, India, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam, Malaysia, Indonesia, the Philippines, New Guinea and Australia. It is also naturalized in Hawaii where it is known as Hawai'i yelloweyed grass. In New South Wales it grows in moist areas, often near swamps or in heathland.

<i>Isopogon asper</i> Species of shrub endemic to southwest Western Australia

Isopogon asper is a species of plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a low shrub with crowded pinnate leaves and flattened spherical heads of glabrous pink flowers.

<i>Baloskion tetraphyllum</i> Species of flowering plant

Baloskion tetraphyllum is a rush-like plant in the family Restionaceae. Common names include tassel rope-rush, plume rush and Australian reed.

<i>Chaetanthus</i> Genus of flowering plants

Chaetanthus is a group of plants in the Restionaceae described as a genus in 1810. The entire genus is endemic to the southern part of Western Australia.

<i>Prostanthera denticulata</i> Species of flowering plant

Prostanthera denticulata, commonly known as rough mint-bush, is a species of flowering plant in the family Lamiaceae and is endemic to coastal New South Wales. It is a straggling to almost prostrate, aromatic shrub with narrow egg-shaped leaves and purple to mauve flowers arranged in leaf axils or on the ends of branchlets.

Persoonia striata is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is an erect, often spreading shrub with hairy young branchlets, linear to spatula-shaped leaves, and bright yellow flowers borne in groups of up to five on a rachis up to 2 mm (0.079 in) long that continues to grow after flowering.

<i>Cyperus concinnus</i> Species of plant in Cyperaceae family endemic to Australia

Cyperus concinnus is a sedge of the family Cyperaceae that is native to Australia, and found in New South Wales, Queensland, the Northern Territory, South Australia, Victoria and Western Australia.

<i>Desmocladus flexuosus</i> Species of flowering plant

Desmocladus flexuosus is a rhizatomous, sedge-like herb in the Restionaceae family, endemic to south-west Western Australia.

Baloskion longipes, common name dense cordrush, is a dioecious perennial herb in the Restionaceae family, found in southeastern New South Wales.

<i>Chordifex hookeri</i> Species of flowering plant

Chordifex hookeri is commonly known as woolly buttonrush or cord-rush. It is a rush species of the genus Chordifex in the family Restionaceae. The species is endemic to Tasmania.

<i>Chaetanthus aristatus</i> Species of flowering plant

Chaetanthus aristatus is a species of rush. It is found in Western Australia.

<i>Chordifex laxus</i> Species of flowering plant

Chordifex laxus is a rush species of the genus Chordifex in the family Restionaceae. It is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia.

Leptocarpus laxus is a rush species of the genus Leptocarpus in the family Restionaceae. It is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia.

<i>Tremulina</i> Genus of flowering plants

Tremulina is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Restionaceae. The genus was first described in 1998 by Barbara Briggs & Lawrie Johnson. The type species is Tremulina tremula.

<i>Tremulina tremula</i> Species of plant

Tremulina tremula is a plant in the Restionaceae family, found in the south-west of Western Australia.

<i>Styphelia laeta</i> Species of plant

Styphelia laeta, commonly known as five corners, is a species of flowering plant in the heath family Ericaceae and is endemic to New South Wales. It is a slender, erect shrub with broadly elliptic or egg-shaped leaves and pale yellowish-green or red flowers arranged singly in leaf axils.

References

  1. 1 2 Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
  2. ↑ Briggs, Barbara Gillian & Johnson, Lawrence Alexander Sidney. 1998. Telopea 7: 357.
  3. ↑ Tropicos, Eurychorda B.G.Briggs & L.A.S.Johnson
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Faltser, Daniel; Gallagher, Rachael; Wenk, Elizabeth H.; et al. (2021). "AusTraits, a curated plant trait database for the Australian flora". Scientific Data. 8 (1): 254. Bibcode:2021NatSD...8..254F. doi:10.1038/s41597-021-01006-6. hdl: 2440/133879 . PMC   8484355 . PMID   34593819 . Retrieved 29 February 2024.
  5. ↑ "Eurychorda complanata (R.Br.) B.G.Briggs & L.A.S.Johnson". Royal Botanic Gardens Kew: Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 28 February 2024.
  6. 1 2 3 Jordan, Greg. "Eurychorda complanata". Key to Tasmanian Vascular Plants. Retrieved 28 February 2024.
  7. ↑ "Eurychorda complanata". Australian Plant Census. APC.
  8. ↑ "Eurychorda complanata". APNI. Retrieved 29 February 2024.
  9. ↑ Brown, Robert (27 March 1810). Prodromus Florae Novae Hollandiae. London. p. 245. Retrieved 29 February 2024.
  10. ↑ B.G Briggs & L.A.S Johnson (29 May 1998). "New genera and species of Australian Restionaceae (Poales)". Telopea. 7 (4): 359. doi:10.7751/telopea19982005 . Retrieved 29 February 2024.
  11. 1 2 "Eurychorda complanata (Restionaceae) Flat Cord-rush". Seeds of South Australia Conservation Centre. Retrieved 28 February 2024.
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