| Fort Hose | |
|---|---|
 | |
 | |
| General information | |
| Status | Completed |
| Type | Fort |
| Address | Jalan Kubu, Marudi, Sarawak, Malaysia |
| Completed | Constructed in 1898 and rebuilt in 1996 |
| Owner | Government of Sarawak |
Fort Hose is a historical fort situated in Marudi, Sarawak, Malaysia. It was built in 1898 by Charles Brooke, the second Rajah of Sarawak, to safeguard government activities in the area, and now serves as a museum.
Fort Hose, strategically located on a hill overlooking the Baram River in the town of Marudi in northern Sarawak, is named after Charles Hose, a British colonial administrator and ethnologist, and nephew of George Hose, Bishop of Sarawak and Labuan. Hose entered the Sarawak civil service as a cadet in 1884, was assigned to the newly created eastern Baram District, recently ceded by the Sultan of Brunei to Charles Brooke, the second Raja of Sarawak, and was later promoted to Resident of Baram in 1891. [1] [2] [3] [4]
Hose had the fort built in 1898 as an administrative centre, and as a means to control rebellions against the Brooke administration and to safeguard government activities. It also served as accommodation for the Resident. In 1899, a peace accord was held at the fort between local ethnic tribes orchestrated by Hose. [1] [3] [4]
In 1994, the fort was destroyed by fire and reconstructed at the same location as a replica of the original fort. On completion in 1996, the fort was converted into a museum. [4]
Known as the Baram District Museum, its collection includes photographs and exhibits relating to the cultural heritage of various local communities including the Kayan, Kenyah, Kelabit, and Penan people. [4]
The building has been gazetted as a cultural heritage site under the Sarawak Cultural Heritage Ordinance (SCHO) 1993. [4]
Sir Charles Brooke, Rajah of Sarawak, GCMG, born Charles Anthoni Johnson, ruled as the head of state of Raj of Sarawak from 3 August 1868 until his death. He succeeded his uncle, James Brooke, as the second White Rajah.
Sibu is a landlocked city located in the central region of Sarawak, Malaysia. It serves as the capital of Sibu District within Sibu Division and is situated on the island of Borneo. Covering an area of 129.5 square kilometres (50.0 sq mi), the city is positioned at the confluence of the Rajang and Igan Rivers, approximately 60 kilometres from the South China Sea and 191.5 kilometres (119 mi) north-east of the state capital, Kuching.
Miri is a coastal city in north-eastern Sarawak, Malaysia, located near the border of Brunei, on the island of Borneo. The city covers an area of 997.43 square kilometres (385.11 sq mi), located 798 kilometres (496 mi) northeast of Kuching and 329 kilometres (204 mi) southwest of Kota Kinabalu. Miri is the second largest city in Sarawak, with a population of 356,900 as of 2020. The city is also the capital of Miri District, Miri Division.
Simanggang is a town and the capital of Sri Aman District and Sri Aman Division in Sarawak, east Malaysia. Located on the Lupar River, it is 193 kilometres (120 mi), a three-hour drive, from Kuching, the capital of Sarawak. It is a trade center for the timber, oil palm, rubber, and pepper of its mostly agricultural district.
The White Rajahs were a hereditary monarchy of the Brooke family, who founded and ruled the Raj of Sarawak as a sovereign state, located on the northwest coast of the island of Borneo in Maritime Southeast Asia, from 1841 to 1946. Of British origin, the first ruler, James Brooke was granted the province of Kuching – which was known as Sarawak Asal – by the Sultanate of Brunei for helping fight piracy and insurgency among the indigenous peoples in 1841 and received independent kingdom status.
Hose's palm civet, also known as Hose's civet, is a viverrid species endemic to the island of Borneo. It is listed on the IUCN Red List as Vulnerable because of an ongoing population decline, estimated to be more than 30% over the last three generations and suspected to be more than 30% in the next three generations due to declines in population inferred from habitat destruction and degradation.
Charles Hose FRGS. FLS was a British colonial administrator, zoologist and ethnologist.
The Baram River is a river in Sarawak on the island of Borneo. The river originates in the Kelabit Highlands, a watershed demarcated by the Iran Mountains of East Kalimantan, which form a natural border with Sarawak. The river flows westwards through tropical rainforest to the South China Sea. The Baram River terminates in a delta, which is subdivided into two units: East Barma Delta of Middle-Late Miocene age and West Baram Delta of Late Miocene-Quaternary age. The western unit is composed of mudstones enriched in organic components which constitute substantial oil and gas reserves.
The Raj of Sarawak, Kingdom of Sarawak or State of Sarawak, was a kingdom founded in 1841 in northwestern Borneo and was in a treaty of protection with the United Kingdom from 1888. It was formed from a series of land concessions acquired by the Englishman James Brooke from the Sultan of Brunei. Sarawak was recognised as a sovereign state by the United States in 1850, and by the United Kingdom in 1864. The territory of the kingdom is now the Malaysian state of Sarawak.
Marudi is a town in the Malaysian state of Sarawak, and is a part of the division of Miri. It is the seat of Marudi District, and is located on the banks of Baram River, about 100 kilometres (62 mi) upstream from the river mouth. Marudi was the administrative centre of the northern region of Sarawak before Miri was established in 1910. Marudi is considered as the cultural heart of the Orang Ulu, the highland tribes of Sarawak. It is also a transit gateway to Kelabit Highlands and Gunung Mulu National Park, a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
The History of Sarawak can be traced as far as 40,000 years ago to the paleolithic period where the earliest evidence of human settlement is found in the Niah caves. A series of Chinese ceramics dated from the 8th to 13th century AD was uncovered at the archeological site of Santubong. The coastal regions of Sarawak came under the influence of the Bruneian Empire in the 16th century. In 1839, James Brooke, a British explorer, first arrived in Sarawak. Sarawak was later governed by the Brooke family between 1841 and 1946. During World War II, it was occupied by the Japanese for three years. After the war, the last White Rajah, Charles Vyner Brooke, ceded Sarawak to Britain, and in 1946 it became a British Crown Colony. On 22 July 1963, Sarawak was granted self-government by the British. Following this, it became one of the founding members of the Federation of Malaysia, established on 16 September 1963. However, the federation was opposed by Indonesia, and this led to the three-year Indonesia–Malaysia confrontation. From 1960 to 1990, Sarawak experienced a communist insurgency.
Fort Margherita is a fort constructed in 1879 by Charles Brooke, the second Rajah of Sarawak, situated in Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia. The fort is an important landmark and monument in Sarawak's history which goes back to the century-old Brooke dynasty of Sarawak. The fort, built in the style of an English castle, was designed to protect Kuching from attacks by pirates. It served as a Police Museum from 1971 before being handed over to the Government of Sarawak and now is a tourist attraction in Kuching. The fort now houses the Brooke Gallery, an exhibition showcasing the history of Sarawak under the Brooke dynasty.
Long Moh is a longhouse settlement in the Marudi division of Sarawak, Malaysia. It lies approximately 551.6 kilometres (343 mi) east-north-east of the state capital Kuching.
Long Akah is an old settlement in the interior of the Telang Usan district of Sarawak, Malaysia, on the upper reaches of the Baram river. It lies approximately 531 kilometres (330 mi) east-north-east of the state capital Kuching.
Long Peluan is a settlement in the Marudi division of Sarawak, Malaysia. It lies approximately 594.4 kilometres (369 mi) east-north-east of the state capital Kuching.
The Fort Alice is a fort in Sri Aman, Sarawak, Malaysia.
Usun Apau Plieran is a remote abandoned Kenyah Jamuk, Badeng and Lepu Aga' village settled in 1860, Belaga district. To be exact, Usun Apau Plieran is located at the upstream of Sungai Plieran and Sungai Tiyut. The highest peak that close to this area are Bukit Busing 1300m and Mudung Batu Bora about 1450m. There are a few old longhouse sites in this area such as Long Metalon, Long Ampan Aing, Long Bora, Long Taa, Ka Laeh, Lidung Jelo and Lolau Mabo.
The Klemantan people were a purported ethnic group indigenous to the island of Borneo. The term was established in Western literature by British scientist and colonial administrator Charles Hose in the early 20th century, but has since been rejected as an invented term of convenience that does not properly represent the people it claims to describe. Since then, the term has fallen largely out of use.
Culture of Sarawak exhibits notable diversity in ethnicity, cuisine, and language. The Sarawakian culture has been influenced by Bruneian Malays of the coastal areas. Substantial cultural influences also came from the Chinese and British cultures.
The Old Fort is a historical fort situated in Limbang, Sarawak, Malaysia. It was built in 1897 by Charles Brooke, the second Rajah of Sarawak, to safeguard government activities in the area, and now serves as a museum.