Arthur Betz Laffer is an American economist and author who first gained prominence during the Reagan administration as a member of Reagan's Economic Policy Advisory Board (1981–1989). Laffer is best known for the Laffer curve,an illustration of the theory that there exists some tax rate between 0% and 100% that will result in maximum tax revenue for government. In certain circumstances,this would allow governments to cut taxes,and simultaneously increase revenue and economic growth.
Paul Davis Ryan is an American politician who served as the 54th speaker of the United States House of Representatives from 2015 to 2019. A member of the Republican Party,he was the vice presidential nominee in the 2012 election with Mitt Romney,losing to incumbent President Barack Obama and Vice President Joe Biden.
Willard Mitt Romney is an American politician,businessman,and lawyer serving as the junior United States senator from Utah since 2019. He served as the 70th governor of Massachusetts from 2003 to 2007 and was the Republican Party's nominee for president of the United States in the 2012 election.
Nicholas Gregory Mankiw is an American macroeconomist who is currently the Robert M. Beren Professor of Economics at Harvard University. Mankiw is best known in academia for his work on New Keynesian economics.
Robert Bruce Zoellick is an American public official and lawyer who was the 11th president of the World Bank Group,a position he held from July 1,2007 to June 30,2012. He was previously chairman of international advisors at Goldman Sachs from 2006 to 2007,United States Deputy Secretary of State from 2005 to 2006,and U.S. Trade Representative from 2001 to 2005. Prior to those posts,from 1985 to 2001 he served in a variety of capacities in the administrations of Ronald Reagan and George H. W. Bush,and the presidential campaign of George W. Bush,in addition to positions in various think tanks and academia.
Martin Stuart Feldstein was an American economist. He was the George F. Baker Professor of Economics at Harvard University and the president emeritus of the National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER). He served as president and chief executive officer of the NBER from 1978 to 2008. From 1982 to 1984,Feldstein served as chairman of the Council of Economic Advisers and as chief economic advisor to President Ronald Reagan. Feldstein was also a member of the Washington-based financial advisory body the Group of Thirty from 2003.
Jon Meade Huntsman Jr. is an American businessman,diplomat,and politician who served as the 16th governor of Utah from 2005 to 2009. A member of the Republican Party,he served as the ambassador of the United States to Russia from 2017 to 2019,ambassador to China from 2009 to 2011,and ambassador to Singapore from 1992 to 1993.
Laurence Francis Rooney III is an American politician and diplomat who was a U.S. representative for Florida's 19th congressional district from 2017 to 2021. A Republican,he served as the U.S. ambassador to the Holy See from 2005 until 2008. Rooney earned a 95.90% lifetime score from the American Conservative Union.
Stephen Moore is an American conservative writer and television commentator on economic issues. He co-founded and served as president of the Club for Growth from 1999 to 2004. Moore is a former member of the Wall Street Journal editorial board. He worked at The Heritage Foundation from 1983 to 1987 and again since 2014. Moore advised Herman Cain's 2012 presidential campaign and Donald Trump's 2016 presidential campaign.
Peter Kent Navarro is an American economist and author who served in the Trump administration,first as Deputy Assistant to the President and director of the White House National Trade Council,then as Assistant to the President,Director of the new Office of Trade and Manufacturing Policy;he was also named the national Defense Production Act policy coordinator. He is a professor emeritus of economics and public policy at the Paul Merage School of Business of the University of California,Irvine. Navarro ran unsuccessfully for office in San Diego,California,five times. Navarro,who sought to overturn the 2020 presidential election,was the first former White House official imprisoned on a contempt-of-Congress conviction.
Kevin Allen Hassett is an American economist who is a former senior advisor and chairman of the Council of Economic Advisers in the Trump administration from 2017 to 2019. He coauthored Dow 36,000,published in 1999,which argued that the stock market was about to have a massive swing upward and would reach 36,000 by 2004. Shortly thereafter,the dot-com bubble burst,causing a massive decline in stock market prices. The Dow did not reach 36,000 until late 2021.
Randal Keith Quarles is an American private equity investor and attorney who served as the first Vice Chair of the Federal Reserve for supervision from 2017 to 2021. He concurrently served as the chair of the Financial Stability Board from 2018 to 2021.
Tomas J. Philipson is a Swedish-born American economist who served as the Acting Chairman of the Council of Economic Advisers in the Trump administration. He departed from the position and the Council at the end of June,2020,to return to the University of Chicago. He holds the Daniel Levin Chair in Public Policy at the University of Chicago,with posts in the Harris School of Public Policy Studies,Department of Economics,and the Law School. He was a Director of the Becker Friedman Institute at the university.
Lawrence Alan Kudlow is an American conservative broadcast news analyst,economist,columnist,journalist,political commentator,and radio personality. He is a financial news commentator for Fox Business and served as the Director of the National Economic Council during the Trump Administration from 2018 to 2021. He assumed that role after his previous employment as a CNBC television financial news host. By 2024 Kudlow was the vice chair of the board of the America First Policy Institute,a nonprofit think tank developing policies for the second Trump presidency.
In the United States,the Great Recession was a severe financial crisis combined with a deep recession. While the recession officially lasted from December 2007 to June 2009,it took many years for the economy to recover to pre-crisis levels of employment and output. This slow recovery was due in part to households and financial institutions paying off debts accumulated in the years preceding the crisis along with restrained government spending following initial stimulus efforts. It followed the bursting of the housing bubble,the housing market correction and subprime mortgage crisis.
The 2016 presidential campaign of Donald Trump was formally launched on June 16,2015,at Trump Tower in New York City. Trump was the Republican nominee for President of the United States in the 2016 election,having won the most state primaries,caucuses,and delegates at the 2016 Republican National Convention. He chose Mike Pence,the sitting governor of Indiana,as his vice presidential running mate. On November 8,2016,Trump and Pence were elected president and vice president of the United States. Trump's populist positions in opposition to illegal immigration and various trade agreements,such as the Trans-Pacific Partnership,earned him support especially among voters who were male,white,blue-collar,working class,and those without college degrees. Many voters in the Rust Belt,who gave Trump the electoral votes needed to win the presidency,switched from supporting Bernie Sanders to Trump after Hillary Clinton won the Democratic nomination.
The first presidential transition of Donald Trump began when he won the United States presidential election on November 8,2016,and became the president-elect. Trump was formally elected by the Electoral College on December 19,2016. The transition was formerly led by Chris Christie until he and a number of his supporters were replaced or demoted on November 11. The results were certified by a joint session of Congress on January 6,2017,and the transition ended when Trump was inaugurated on January 20,2017.
Steven Terner Mnuchin is an American investment banker and film producer who served as the 77th United States secretary of the treasury as part of the Cabinet of Donald Trump from 2017 to 2021. Serving for nearly a full presidential term,Mnuchin was one of the few high-profile members of Trump's cabinet whom the president did not dismiss.
William Francis Hagerty is an American politician,businessman,and diplomat serving as the junior United States senator from Tennessee since 2021. A member of the Republican Party,he served as the 30th United States ambassador to Japan from 2017 to 2019 under President Donald Trump.
Ronna Romney McDaniel is an American political strategist who served as chair of the Republican National Committee (RNC) from 2017 until her resignation in 2024. A member of the Republican Party and the Romney family,McDaniel was chair of the Michigan Republican Party from 2015 to 2017.
