Griffonia | |
---|---|
Griffonia simplicifolia | |
Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Plantae |
Clade: | Tracheophytes |
Clade: | Angiosperms |
Clade: | Eudicots |
Clade: | Rosids |
Order: | Fabales |
Family: | Fabaceae |
Subfamily: | Cercidoideae |
Genus: | Griffonia Baill. (1865) [1] |
Type species | |
Griffonia physocarpa Baill. | |
Species | |
4; see text | |
Synonyms [2] | |
BandeiraeaWelw. ex Benth. & Hook. (1865) |
Griffonia is a genus of central African flowering plants in the legume family, Fabaceae. It belongs to the subfamily Cercidoideae. Griffonia is known to have a high concentration of 5-HTP in its seeds.[ citation needed ]
The genus includes four species of scandent shrubs and lianas native to west and west-central tropical Africa, ranging from Liberia to DR Congo and Angola. They grow in humid tropical forests, swamp forests, and thickets in coastal wooded grassland. [3]
G. physocarpa, G. speciosa, and G. tessmannii are native to west-central Africa, with G. physocarpa having the widest distribution. G. simplicifolia ranges from Gabon to Liberia. [3]
The genus Griffonia was named by Henri Baillon in honour of his friend and fellow physician Marie-Théophile Griffon du Bellay, explorer of Gabon, pioneer in the study of sleeping sickness and also of the African entheogen Iboga, source of the alkaloid ibogaine. [4]
Griffonia comprises the following species: [1] [5] [6] [7] [3]
Cyamopsis is a genus of the family Fabaceae. Its species are distributed across sub-Saharan Africa, Saudi Arabia, Pakistan, and India. Typical habitats include tropical seasonally-dry thorn scrub and grassland, often in floodplains, stream beds, and pans, and in open sandy or rocky areas.
Xanthocercis is a tree genus in the family Fabaceae. It includes three species native to sub-Saharan Africa.
Parkinsonia, also Cercidium, is a genus of flowering plants in the pea family, Fabaceae. It contains about 12 species that are native to semi-desert regions of Africa and the Americas. The name of the genus honors English apothecary and botanist John Parkinson (1567–1650).
Griffonia simplicifolia is a woody climbing shrub native to West Africa and Central Africa. It grows to about 3 m, and bears greenish flowers followed by black pods.
Dipteryx is a genus containing a number of species of large trees and possibly shrubs. It belongs to the "papilionoid" subfamily – Faboideae – of the family Fabaceae. This genus is native to South and Central America and the Caribbean. Formerly, the related genus Taralea was included in Dipteryx.
Gigasiphon is a genus of plants in the family Fabaceae. The genus is circumscribed is defined by "a long-tubular hypanthium, an arborescent habit, and a calyx divided into two lobes." It includes five species native to eastern Africa, Madagascar, the Philippines, New Guinea, and Lesser Sunda Islands.
Haplormosia is a monotypic genus of legumes in the family Fabaceae. Its only species is Haplormosia monophylla, commonly known as Liberian black gum, native to Cameroon, Ivory Coast, Liberia, Nigeria, and Sierra Leone. It is threatened by habitat loss.
Ormocarpum is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family, Fabaceae. It includes 17 species native to tropical and southern Africa and parts of India, Indochina, Malesia, Papuasia, and the South Pacific. The genus was recently assigned to the informal monophyletic Dalbergia clade of the Dalbergieae.
Thomandersia is the sole genus in the Thomandersiaceae, an African family of flowering plants. Thomandersia is a genus of shrubs and small trees, with six species native to Central and West Africa.
Aldina is a genus of trees in the Fabaceae native to the Guiana Shield and northern Amazonia. It is found in lowland humid forests. It is included in the Andira clade.
Adenolobus is a genus of African flowering plants in the legume family, Fabaceae. It belongs to the subfamily Cercidoideae.
Baudouinia is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family, Fabaceae. It includes six species which are all endemic to Madagascar. It belongs to the subfamily Dialioideae.
Anagyris is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae. It belongs to the subfamily Faboideae.
Baphiopsis parviflora is an African species of flowering plants in the legume family, Fabaceae. It is the sole species in genus Baphiopsis. It is a shrub or tree which ranges from Cameroon to Tanzania and Angola.
Eysenhardtia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae. It belongs to the subfamily Faboideae. Members of the genus are commonly known as kidneywoods.
Hypocalyptus is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae. It includes three species of shrubs, subshrubs or small trees native to the Cape region of South Africa. Typical habitats include Mediterranean-climate shrubland (fynbos) at forest margins, in rocky and sandy areas, and along streams, often at high elevations.
Liparia is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family, Fabaceae. It includes 20 species native to the Cape Provinces of South Africa. It belongs to the subfamily Faboideae.
Bridelia micrantha, the mitzeeri or the coastal golden-leaf, is a tree in the family Phyllanthaceae and is native to tropical and southern Africa as well as to the island of Réunion in the Indian Ocean.
Lasiobema was a genus of flowering plants in the legume family, Fabaceae, most of which are lianas, belonging to the subfamily Cercidoideae. It was recently (2010) synonymized with Phanera on the basis of morphology, although this was questioned and it can be treated as a section of this genus.
Bowringia is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family (Fabaceae), found in tropical Africa and southeastern Asia. It includes four species native to western and central Africa and Madagascar, and to Borneo, Indochina, and southern China.