| Gymnadenia rhellicani | |
|---|---|
 | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Monocots |
| Order: | Asparagales |
| Family: | Orchidaceae |
| Subfamily: | Orchidoideae |
| Genus: | Gymnadenia |
| Species: | G. rhellicani |
| Binomial name | |
| Gymnadenia rhellicani (Teppner & E. Klein) Teppner & E. Klein | |
| Synonyms [1] | |
| |
Gymnadenia rhellicani (common name: dark vanilla orchid [2] or black vanilla orchid [3] [4] ) is a European species of orchid.
Gymnadenia rhellicani grows 5–22 centimetres (2.0–8.7 in) high, with a dense, globose to cylindrical inflorescence of red-brown to chocolate-brown flowers with a chocolate-like aroma. [5] Some plants, especially in the south of the species' range have noticeably paler flowers. [5]
Gymnadenia rhellicani grows in the Alps and Carpathians at elevations of 1,000–2,800 metres (3,300–9,200 ft). [1]
The species was described as a distinct species in 1990 by Herwig Teppner and Erich Klein, who noted that it was diploid and reproduced sexually, in contrast to the rest of the wider Gymnadenia nigra group, which is polyploid and apomictic. [5] At the time, all these taxa were in the genus Nigritella, but that was later subsumed into Gymnadenia . The specific epithet rhellicanus commemorates Johannes Rhellicanus, who made the earliest attributed description of the species in 1536. [5] Rhellicanus himself called the plant Christimanus (Latin : Christi manus 'Christ's hand'). [6] [7] : 222
Orchids are plants that belong to the family Orchidaceae, a diverse and widespread group of flowering plants with blooms that are often colourful and fragrant. Orchids are cosmopolitan plants that are found in almost every habitat on Earth except glaciers. The world's richest diversity of orchid genera and species is found in the tropics.
Vanilla is a spice derived from orchids of the genus Vanilla, primarily obtained from pods of the flat-leaved vanilla (V. planifolia).
Gymnadenia conopsea, commonly known as the fragrant orchid or chalk fragrant orchid, is a herbaceous plant of the family Orchidaceae native to northern Europe.
Gymnadenia is a genus of flowering plants in the orchid family (Orchidaceae) containing 22 terrestrial species. The former genus Nigritella is now included in Gymnadenia.
Vanilla, the vanilla orchids, forms a flowering plant genus of about 110 species in the orchid family (Orchidaceae). The most widely known member is the flat-leaved vanilla, native to Mexico and Belize, from which commercial vanilla flavoring is derived. It is the only orchid widely used for industrial purposes in flavoring such products as foods, beverages and cosmetics, and is recognized as the most popular aroma and flavor. The key constituent imparting its flavour is the phenolic aldehyde, vanillin.
Ophrys insectifera, the fly orchid, is a species of orchid and the type species of the genus Ophrys. It is remarkable as an example of the use of sexually deceptive pollination and floral mimicry, as well as a highly selective and highly evolved plant–pollinator relationship.
Diospyros nigra, the black sapote, is a species of persimmon. Common names include chocolate pudding fruit, black soapapple and zapote prieto. The tropical fruit tree is native to Mexico, Central America, and Colombia. The common name sapote refers to any soft, edible fruit. Black sapote is not related to white sapote nor mamey sapote. The genus Diospyros has numerous other fruit bearing tree species in addition to the persimmons and black sapote.
Salix nigra, the black willow, is a species of willow native to eastern North America, from New Brunswick and southern Ontario west to Minnesota, and south to northern Florida and Texas.
Gymnadenia nigra, also known as the black vanilla orchid, is a species of orchid and the provincial flower of Jämtland, a historical province of Sweden. It is a perennial species found in the major mountain ranges of Europe, including the Pyrenees and the Alps, into the Balkans and central Scandinavia, though its population has declined in the past decades due to over-harvesting. In some countries, including Italy, it is listed as an endangered species. It has a maximum height of 25 cm.
Gymnadenia corneliana is a species of orchid with light-pink petals, found only in the Southwestern Alps in a small region near the France-Italy border. It was first catalogued by Swiss botanist Gustave Beauverd. Some specimens of this orchid display slightly darker petals, although this is uncommon. This flower, like many orchids in its genus, is said to emit a pleasant odor resembling that of vanilla.
Gymnadenia austriaca is a species of plant in the family Orchidaceae. It is endemic to the Alps and the Pyrenees, where it grows on calcareous alpine grassland from 1,500–2,500 metres (4,900–8,200 ft). It was first described by Teppner and Klein as a subspecies of Nigratella nigra and was subsequently reclassified as G. austriaca as an apomictic member of the G. nigra group within the genus Gymnadenia.
Johannes Müller was a Swiss clergyman and theologian of the Reformation in Switzerland, philologist and philosopher, noted for his work in early modern botany.
Nigritella archiducis-joannis is a species of orchid endemic to a few locations in Totes Gebirge, the Dachstein, the Karawanken, the Koralpe – that is the Austrian states Styria, Upper Austria, Salzburg und Carinthia – as well as Triglav National Park.
Gymandenia stiriaca, the Salzkammergut vanilla orchid, is a species of orchid endemic to Austria.
Gymandenia lithopolitanica, the Austrian gymnadenia, is a species of orchid endemic to a portion of the eastern Alps spanning Austria and Slovenia.
Gymandenia bicolor is a species of orchid occurring in the Eastern Alps, the Dinaric Alps and the Carpathian Mountains. It is very similar to Gymnadenia miniata and often seen as a variation and not a separate species.
Gymandenia miniata is a species of orchid native to the Eastern Alps and Carpathian Mountains. It is similar in appearance to Gymnadenia bicolor; both species were split from a former less defined taxon Nigritella rubra which referred to all red flowering Gymnadenia.
Gymandenia hygrophila is a species of orchid occurring in the southeastern Alps in Italy and Austria.
Gymnadenia dolomitensis is a species of orchid found in the Dolomites mountain range of Italy.
Gymnadenia minor is a species of orchid endemic to Austria.
Media related to Gymnadenia rhellicani at Wikimedia Commons
Data related to Gymnadenia rhellicani at Wikispecies
