Hydrangea aspera

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Hydrangea aspera
Hydrangea-aspera-zoo-cgn-07074-mutante.jpg
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Cornales
Family: Hydrangeaceae
Genus: Hydrangea
Species:
H. aspera
Binomial name
Hydrangea aspera
Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don
Prodr. fl. nepal. 211. 1825
Synonyms [1]
  • Hortensia asperaHam. ex Dippel
  • Hydrangea albaReinw. ex Miq.
  • Hydrangea coactaC.F.Wei
  • Hydrangea glabripesRehder
  • Hydrangea kawakamiiHayata
  • Hydrangea oblongifoliaBlume
  • Hydrangea pubescensDecne.
  • Hydrangea villosaRehder

Hydrangea aspera is a species of flowering plant in the family Hydrangeaceae native to dense forests in the region between the Himalayas, across southern China, to Taiwan. [2] It is a large, erect deciduous shrub growing to 3 m (10 ft) tall and wide, with broadly oval leaves and dense branches. [3] The flowers are typically borne in large flat heads in late summer, and are in variable shades of pale blue and pink, fringed by white or pale pink sterile florets. [4]

The Latin aspera means "rough-textured" [5] and refers to the downy lower surface of the leaves.

Due to how highly cultivated Hydrangea aspera is, coupled with the extensive species range, the related taxonomy of subspecies and potential synonyms is uncertain. [6]

Anatomy and Characteristics

Hydrangea aspera has lace capped, flat-topped inflorescences with flowers that vary in color based on the pH level of the soil. [7] [8] The sterile flowers of this species have longer sepals than those of the fertile flowers. [2] Plants that grow in more acidic soil have flowers that are various shades of blue. The lower the pH level is, the more vibrant or pigmented the blue color appears. At higher or more alkaline pH levels, the flowers are various shades of pink. In addition to the pH level of the soil, the amount of soluble aluminum available in the soil also effects the flower color. When a plant is able to absorb more aluminum ions, the flower color is found to be more blue. [8]

The coarse texture of the leaves of Hydrangea aspera is one of the key characteristics that differentiates this species from the subspecies of Hydrangea aspera, as well as the other species under the genus Hydrangea . The shape, size, and lower leaf texture of this species varies slightly depending on the exact region where it is naturally found. [2]

Cultivation

The plant is widely cultivated, and favors a sheltered position in acidic or neutral soil, with best growth often in partial or afternoon shade. The leaves, in some forms exceeding 30.5 cm (12 inches) long, are vulnerable to drying winds as well as physical wind damage. Numerous cultivars have been produced as ornamental subjects for parks and gardens. They include:

In addition to forms of garden origin, various forms of wild origin are cultivated such as Kawakamii, Macrophylla, Robusta, Sargentiana, Strigosa, and Villosa. The phenotype for plant images returned by a web search on such terms can vary widely, a sign of unsettled taxonomy or complex expression of forms due to wide geographic ranges or other factors. Some authorities give full species status, e. g. H. robusta and H. longipes, whereas other sources assign subspecies, e.g. H. aspera ssp. robusta, or H. aspera ssp. kawakamii. [9] Most researchers and horticulturalists agree that further study is needed to solidify the taxonomy, as there is an insufficient amount of data published. This is especially relevant in respect to the viability of hybrids, whether or not hybrids are sterile, and the chromosomal differences between the aforementioned groups, as further data in these sectors could significantly assist with distinguishing the species and subspecies. [10] [6]

The cultivar H. aspera 'Macrophylla' [11] (not to be confused with H. macrophylla ) has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit. [12]

Related Research Articles

<i>Hydrangea</i> Genus of flowering plants

Hydrangea, commonly named the hortensia, is a genus of more than 70 species of flowering plants native to Asia and the Americas. By far the greatest species diversity is in eastern Asia, notably China, Korea, and Japan. Most are shrubs 1–3 m tall, but some are small trees, and others lianas reaching up to 30 m (100 ft) by climbing up trees. They can be either deciduous or evergreen, though the widely cultivated temperate species are all deciduous.

<i>Anemone</i> Genus of flowering plants in the family Ranunculaceae

Anemone is a genus of flowering plants in the buttercup family Ranunculaceae. Plants of the genus are commonly called windflowers. They are native to the temperate and subtropical regions of all continents except Australia, New Zealand, Antarctica and the Middle East. The genus is closely related to several other genera including Anemonoides, Anemonastrum, Hepatica, and Pulsatilla. Some botanists include these genera within Anemone.

<i>Carpenteria</i> Genus of flowering plants

Carpenteria, the tree anemone or bush anemone, is a genus of flowering plants in the hydrangea family Hydrangeaceae. It is closely related to the similar genus Philadelphus and is monotypic, being represented by the single species Carpenteria californica which is a flowering evergreen shrub native to the Sierra Nevada foothills in California.

<i>Daboecia</i> Genus of flowering plants in the heath family Ericaceae

Daboecia, or St. Dabeoc's heath, is a small genus of flowering plants in the family Ericaceae, containing two evergreen shrubs, closely related to the genus Erica. They are native to cliffs and heathland in southern Atlantic Europe and the Azores.

<i>Fremontodendron</i> Genus of shrubs

Fremontodendron, with the common names fremontia and flannelbush or flannel bush, is a genus of three known species of shrubs native to the Southwestern United States and northwest Mexico.

<i>Lavandula stoechas</i> Species of flowering plant

Lavandula stoechas, the Spanish lavender or topped lavender (U.S.) or French lavender (U.K.), is a species of flowering plant in the family Lamiaceae, occurring natively in several Mediterranean countries, including France, Spain, Portugal, Italy, Turkey and Greece.

<i>Hydrangea macrophylla</i> Species of flowering plant in the family Hydrangeaceae

Hydrangea macrophylla is a species of flowering plant in the family Hydrangeaceae, native to Japan. It is a deciduous shrub growing to 2 m (7 ft) tall by 2.5 m (8 ft) broad with large heads of pink or blue flowers in summer and autumn. Common names include bigleaf hydrangea, French hydrangea, lacecap hydrangea, mophead hydrangea, and hortensia. It is widely cultivated in many parts of the world in many climates. It is not to be confused with H. aspera 'Macrophylla'.

<i>Hydrangea quercifolia</i> Species of flowering plant in the family Hydrangeaceae

Hydrangea quercifolia, commonly known as oakleaf hydrangea or oak-leaved hydrangea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Hydrangeaceae. It is native to the southeastern United States, in woodland habitats from North Carolina west to Tennessee, and south to Florida and Louisiana. A deciduous shrub with white showy flower heads, it is grown as a garden plant, with numerous cultivars available commercially.

<i>Hydrangea anomala</i> Species of flowering plant in the family Hydrangeaceae

Hydrangea anomala, the Japanese climbing-hydrangea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Hydrangeaceae native to the woodlands of the Himalaya, southern and central China and northern Myanmar.

<i>Hydrangea petiolaris</i> Species of flowering plant in the family Hydrangeaceae

Hydrangea petiolaris, a climbing hydrangea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Hydrangeaceae native to the woodlands of Japan, the Korean peninsula, and on Sakhalin island of easternmost Siberia in the Russian Far East.

<i>Hydrangea arborescens</i> Species of flowering plant in the family Hydrangeaceae

Hydrangea arborescens, commonly known as smooth hydrangea, wild hydrangea, sevenbark, or in some cases, sheep flower, is a species of flowering plant in the family Hydrangeaceae. It is a small- to medium-sized, multi-stemmed, deciduous shrub up to 2 m (7 ft) tall that is native to the eastern United States.

<i>Hydrangea cinerea</i> Species of flowering plant in the family Hydrangeaceae

Hydrangea cinerea, the ashy hydrangea or gray hydrangea, is a small to medium sized, deciduous shrub up to 3 m tall; its natural range is interior regions of the southeastern United States. Its common names reflect the ashy or gray appearance of the undersides of its leaves, which results from a dense pubescence.

<i>Physostegia virginiana</i> Species of flowering plant

Physostegia virginiana, the obedient plant, obedience or false dragonhead, is a species of flowering plant in the mint family, Lamiaceae. It is native to North America, where it is distributed from eastern Canada to northern Mexico. Physostegia are known commonly as obedient plants because a flower pushed to one side will often stay in that position. The name “false dragonhead” refers to the dragonheads of the related Dracocephalum, a genus to which the plant once belonged.

<i>Coleus scutellarioides</i> Species of flowering plant

Coleus scutellarioides, commonly known as coleus, is a species of flowering plant in the family Lamiaceae, native to southeast Asia through to Australia. Typically growing to 60–75 cm (24–30 in) tall and wide, it is a bushy, woody-based evergreen perennial, widely grown for the highly decorative variegated leaves found in cultivated varieties. Another common name is painted nettle, reflecting its relationship to deadnettles, which are in the same family. The synonyms Coleus blumei, Plectranthus scutellarioides and Solenostemon scutellarioides are also widely used for this species.

<i>Argyranthemum frutescens</i> Species of flowering plant

Argyranthemum frutescens, known as Paris daisy, marguerite or marguerite daisy, is a perennial plant known for its flowers. It is native to the Canary Islands. Hybrids derived from this species are widely cultivated as ornamental plants in private gardens and public parks in many countries, and have naturalized in Italy and southern California. There are many cultivars, but the most common has white petals.

<i>Hydrangea serrata</i> Species of flowering plant in the family Hydrangeaceae

Hydrangea serrata is a species of flowering plant in the family Hydrangeaceae, native to mountainous regions of Korea and Japan. Common names include mountain hydrangea and tea of heaven. Growing to 1.2 m (4 ft) tall and broad, it is a deciduous shrub with oval leaves and panicles of blue and pink flowers in summer and autumn (fall). It is widely cultivated as an attractive ornamental shrub throughout the world in areas with suitable climate and soil.

<i>Hydrangea paniculata</i> Species of flowering plant in the family Hydrangeaceae

Hydrangea paniculata, or panicled hydrangea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Hydrangeaceae native to southern and eastern China, Korea, Japan and Russia (Sakhalin). It was first formally described by Philipp Franz von Siebold in 1829.

<i>Hydrangea hirta</i> Species of flowering plant in the family Hydrangeaceae

Hydrangea hirta, also known as the nettle-leaved hydrangea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Hydrangeaceae that is native to East Asia. Due to the beauty and sturdiness of the species' flowers it can be found outside of its range being used for horticultural and landscaping purposes, and is found in gardens in countries including the United Kingdom and the United States.

<i>Hydrangea integrifolia</i> Species of flowering plant in the family Hydrangeaceae

Hydrangea integrifolia is a species of flowering plant in the family Hydrangeaceae, native to Taiwan and the Philippines at elevations above 8,000 ft..

<i>Hydrangea involucrata</i> Species of flowering plant in the family Hydrangeaceae

Hydrangea involucrata is a species of flowering plant in the family Hydrangeaceae, native to Japan and Taiwan. It is a deciduous shrub growing to 1 m (3 ft) tall by 2 m (7 ft) broad, with oval leaves and clusters of blue or pink flowers in late summer.

References

  1. "Hydrangea aspera Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don". Plants of the World Online. Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 30 June 2021.
  2. 1 2 3 McClintock, Elizabeth May (1956). A monograph of the genus Hydrangea (Thesis). ProQuest   301988408. Also published as: McClintock, Elizabeth May (1957). "A monograph of the genus Hydrangea". Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences. 29: 147–256. OCLC   4636737.
  3. "The taxonomy of the Genus hydrangea L. in the «Alexandru Ciubotaru» National Botanical Garden (Institute)". ibn.idsi.md. Retrieved 2023-11-11.
  4. RHS A-Z encyclopedia of garden plants. United Kingdom: Dorling Kindersley. 2008. p. 1136. ISBN   978-1405332965.
  5. Harrison, Lorraine (2012). RHS Latin for gardeners. United Kingdom: Mitchell Beazley. p. 224. ISBN   9781845337315.
  6. 1 2 Mortreau, Eric; Siljak-Yakovlev, Sonia; Cerbah, Malika; Brown, Spencer C.; Bertrand, Hélène; Lambert, Claudie (January 2010). "Cytogenetic characterization of Hydrangea involucrata Sieb. and H. aspera D. Don complex (Hydrangeaceae): genetic, evolutional, and taxonomic implications". Tree Genetics & Genomes. 6 (1): 137–148. doi:10.1007/s11295-009-0235-8. S2CID   33877679.
  7. Li‐Ping, G. E.; An‐Ming, L. U.; Kai‐Yu, P. a. N. (10 May 2003). "Floral organogenesis in Hydrangea aspera (Hydrangeaceae)". Journal of Systematics and Evolution. 41 (3): 235–244.
  8. 1 2 Kodama, Masaharu; Tanabe, Yuta; Nakayama, Masayoshi (2016). "Analyses of Coloration-related Components in Hydrangea Sepals Causing Color Variability According to Soil Conditions". The Horticulture Journal. 85 (4): 372–379. doi: 10.2503/hortj.MI-131 .
  9. example list of Hydrangea from collections
  10. Rinehart, Timothy A.; Scheffler, Brian E.; Reed, Sandra M. (November 2006). "Genetic Diversity Estimates for the Genus Hydrangea and Development of a Molecular Key Based on SSR". Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science. 131 (6): 787–797. doi: 10.21273/JASHS.131.6.787 .
  11. "RHS Plant Selector - Hydrangea aspera 'Macrophylla'" . Retrieved 28 August 2020.
  12. "AGM Plants - Ornamental" (PDF). Royal Horticultural Society. July 2017. p. 51. Retrieved 7 March 2018.