Hypholoma lateritium

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Hypholoma lateritium
HypholomaSublateritium.jpg
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Fungi
Division: Basidiomycota
Class: Agaricomycetes
Order: Agaricales
Family: Strophariaceae
Genus: Hypholoma
Species:
H. lateritium
Binomial name
Hypholoma lateritium
(Schaeff.) P. Kumm.
Synonyms

Agaricus carneolus Batsch (1783)
Agaricus lateritius Schaeff. (1774)
Agaricus lateritius var. communis Alb. & Schwein. (1805)
Agaricus lateritius var. pomposus (Bolton) Pers. (1801)
Agaricus pomposus Schumach. (1803)
Agaricus pomposus Bolton (1788)
Agaricus sublateritius Fr. (1838)
Agaricus sublateritius var. schaefferi Berk. & Broome (1879)
Agaricus sublateritius var. squamosus Cooke, Illustrations of British Fungi (Hymenomycetes) (London) 4: pl. 573 (558) (1886)
Agaricus sublateritius var. sublateritius Schaeff.(1774)
Cortinarius schaefferi (Berk. & Broome) Rob. Henry (1981)
Deconica squamosa Cooke (1885)
Dryophila sublateritia (Fr.) Quél. (1888)
Geophila sublateritia (Fr.) Quél. (1886)
Hypholoma lateritium var. lateritium (Schaeff.) P. Kumm. (1871)
Hypholoma lateritium var. pomposum (Bolton) P. Roux & Guy García (2006)
Hypholoma sublateritium (Fr.) Quél. (1872)
Hypholoma sublateritium f. pomposum (Bolton) Massee (1892)
Hypholoma sublateritium f. sublateritium (Fr.) Quél. (1872)
Hypholoma sublateritium f. vulgaris Massee (1892)
Hypholoma sublateritium var. aranoides Raithelh. (1991)
Hypholoma sublateritium var. pomposum (Bolton) Rea (1922)
Hypholoma sublateritium var. schaefferi (Berk. & Broome) Sacc. (1887)
Hypholoma sublateritium var. squamosum (Cooke) Sacc. (1887)
Hypholoma sublateritium var. sublateritium (Fr.) Quél.(1872)
Naematoloma sublateritium (Fr.) P. Karst. (1879)
Pratella lateritia (Schaeff.) Gray (1821)
Psilocybe lateritia (Schaeff.) Noordel. (1995)

Contents

Hypholoma lateritium
Information icon.svg
Gills icon.png Gills on hymenium
Convex cap icon.svg Cap is convex
Adnate gills icon2.svg Hymenium is adnate
Bare stipe icon.svg Stipe is bare
Transparent spore print icon.svg
Spore print is purple-brown
Saprotrophic fungus.svgEcology is saprotrophic
Mycomorphbox Choice.pngMycomorphbox Caution.pngEdibility is choice but not recommended

Hypholoma lateritium, sometimes called brick cap, chestnut mushroom, [1] cinnamon cap, brick top, red woodlover or kuritake, [2] is a species of fungus in the genus Hypholoma , which also contains the slightly smaller poisonous species Hypholoma fasciculare .

Taxonomy

Hypholoma sublateritium is a synonym.

Description

The cap is 3.5–9 centimetres (1+123+12 in) in diameter, [3] usually with a brick-red coloration in the center and a paler margin. It is smooth, sometimes with red-brown flecks in the middle and sometimes with flaky veil remnants, which can easily be washed off in the rain, on the outside. The gills are crowded, starting yellowish and becoming grayish with age. They do not have the green color of Hypholoma fasciculare . The stipe is up to 12 cm (4+34 in) long, [3] light yellow and darker below.

The spores have a germ pore and are 6.0–7.5 × 3.5–4.0  μm. The cheilocystidia are variable;[ citation needed ] the spore print is purple-brown. [3]

Similar species

It could be confused with highly toxic species [4] such as Galerina marginata or Hypholoma fasciculare. It can also resemble Pholiota mixta and members of Pyrrhulomyces . [3]

Distribution and habitat

In Pennsylvania, New Jersey, and West Virginia they are found in dense clusters on stumps and roots from October until long after frosts. [5]

Edibility

Hypholoma lateritium is sometimes considered edible [6] but caution must be taken to avoid confusing it with similar-looking deadly species. [4] In Europe the species is often considered inedible or even poisonous.[ citation needed ] Specimens are best when collected young; older specimens tend to be bitter from being fouled by insects. [7]

The taste is mild to somewhat bitter, but when cooked the mushrooms have a nutty flavor. They are especially delicious when sauteed in olive oil. [8] Brick tops have been considered one of the better edibles of late fall in the Northeast United States. [9] It is considered a choice edible in Japan.[ citation needed ]

References

Mostly translated from the German page.

  1. Facciola, Stephen (1998). Cornucopia II: a Source Book of Edible Plants. Vista, CA: Kampong Publications. p. 254. ISBN   0962808725.
  2. Stamets, Paul (2005). Mycelium Running: How Mushrooms Can Help Save the World. Berkeley: Ten Speed Press. p. 301. ISBN   1580085792.
  3. 1 2 3 4 Audubon (2023). Mushrooms of North America. Knopf. p. 670. ISBN   978-0-593-31998-7.
  4. 1 2 Phillips, Roger (2010). Mushrooms and Other Fungi of North America. Buffalo, NY: Firefly Books. p. 216. ISBN   978-1-55407-651-2.
  5. McIlvaine, Charles; Macadam, Robert K. (1973). One Thousand American Fungi. New York: Dover. ISBN   0-486-22782-0.
  6. Miller Jr., Orson K.; Miller, Hope H. (2006). North American Mushrooms: A Field Guide to Edible and Inedible Fungi. Guilford, CN: FalconGuide. p. 245. ISBN   978-0-7627-3109-1.
  7. Palmer, E. Laurence; Fowler, H. Seymour (1975). Fieldbook of Natural History: Second Edition. New York: McGraw Hill. xviii + 779 pp. ISBN   0-07-048425-2 (Hypholoma sublateritium, p. 86.)
  8. Cornell Mushroom Blog. https://blog.mycology.cornell.edu/?p=27
  9. Lincoff, Gary (1995). National Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Mushrooms (11th ed.). pp. 710–711. ISBN   0394519922.