Necrophilia is a pathological fascination with dead bodies, which often takes the form of a desire to engage with them in sexual activities, such as intercourse. Though prohibited by the laws of many countries, there have been many reported cases of sexual abuse of dead bodies throughout history.
Incidents of necrophilic abuse are noted to have occurred throughout history. Greek author Herodotus (c. 484–425 BC) stated in his Histories that in Ancient Egypt, bodies of exceptionally beautiful women were not embalmed immediately after their deaths, but only after several days had passed, in order to prevent a recurrence of a case where it was discovered that an embalmer had sex with the body of a recently dead woman. [1] [2]
According to the Babylonian Talmud (3rd–5th centuries AD), King Herod of Judea (73/74 BC – 4 BC) desired a certain maiden and, after she killed herself to avoid marrying him, preserved her body in honey for seven years. Some say that he embalmed her in order to have intercourse with her; others say that he did not have intercourse with her. [3] [4] Roman-Jewish historian Flavius Josephus (37 – c. 100 AD), whose works are the main source for Herod's life and character, says nothing about any necrophilia on his part. [5]
Remains of pottery from the Moche civilization represent dead skeletal figures engaged in sexual intercourse with living humans. [1] [6]
Roger Dymock accused the Lollards of having committed necrophilia. [7] Gilles de Rais is noted to have sexually violated the dead bodies of his victims. [8] [9] [10]
According to criminologist Herschel Prins, it was said that until the 19th century, if a betrothed girl in Central Europe died before her marriage day, the spouse could still carry out the ceremony by copulating with the body. [11]
In the 19th-century Russo-Turkish war, military forces sexually abused dead bodies. [12] [13]
During the Moroccan War of 1919–1926, necrophilia was committed by the Moroccan troops. [14]
A Chinese man was killed by the Japanese during the Nanjing Massacre, after he refused to have sex with dead women. [15] [16]
The Dirlewanger Brigade sexually violated corpses of Polish women and girls they killed during the Warsaw Uprising and Wola Massacre. [ citation needed ]
During the Rwandan genocide, sex with dead bodies was reported. [17]
Arthur Shawcross, an American serial killer from Rochester, New York, had also practiced necrophilia. [18] Shawcross (also known as the Genesee River Killer) was convicted of 11 murders in November 1990. He claimed to have killed, raped, decapitated, and eaten two Vietcong women during a tour of Vietnam with the 4th Supply and Transport Company of the 4th Infantry Division in 1968, during the Vietnam War. [19] He reportedly also committed necrophilic sexual acts and mutilations on his victims in Rochester between 1988 and 1989. All but one were prostitutes from the area. Shawcross received two separate life sentences in Monroe County, NY and Wayne County, NY respectively. [20]
Jeffrey Lionel Dahmer, also known as the Milwaukee Cannibal or the Milwaukee Monster, was an American serial killer and sex offender who killed and dismembered seventeen men and boys between 1978 and 1991. Many of his later murders involved necrophilia, cannibalism, and the permanent preservation of body parts—typically all or part of the skeleton.
Lust murder, also called sexual homicide, is a homicide which occurs in tandem with either an overt sexual assault or sexually symbolic behavior. Lust murder is associated with the paraphilic term erotophonophilia, which is sexual arousal or gratification contingent on the death of a human being. The term lust killing stems from the original work of Richard von Krafft-Ebing in his 1898 discussion of sadistic homicides. Commonly, this type of crime is manifested either by murder during sexual activity, by mutilating the sexual organs or areas of the victim's body, or by murder and mutilation. The mutilation of the victim may include evisceration, displacement of the sexual organs, or both. The mutilation usually takes place postmortem. Although the killing sequence may include an act of sexual intercourse, sexual intercourse does not always occur, and other types of sexual acts may be part of the homicide.
Joachim Georg Kroll was a German serial killer, child molester, necrophile and cannibal who murdered a minimum of eight women and young girls in the Ruhr metropolitan region from 1955 until his arrest on 3 July 1976. He was convicted of eight murders and one attempted murder but confessed to a total of 14. He was sentenced to life imprisonment on 8 April 1982.
Jerome Henry "Jerry" Brudos was an American serial killer and necrophile known as the Lust Killer and the Shoe Fetish Slayer who committed the kidnap, rape, and murder of four young women between 1968 and 1969 in Salem, Oregon. He is also known to have attempted to abduct two other young women.
Necrophilia has been a topic in popular culture.
Lorenzo Jerome Gilyard Jr., known as The Kansas City Strangler, is an American serial killer. A former trash-company supervisor, Gilyard is believed to have raped and murdered at least 13 women and girls from 1977 to 1993. He was convicted of six counts of first-degree murder on March 16, 2007.
Václav Mrázek was a Czechoslovak serial killer who was convicted of killing at least seven people in Chomutov from 1951 to 1957. While primarily sexually motivated, he also robbed his victims, and at trial, he was convicted of 127 total crimes. For the murders, Mrázek was hanged at the Pankrác Prison in 1957.
Necrophilia, also known as necrophilism, necrolagnia, necrocoitus, necrochlesis, and thanatophilia, is sexual attraction or acts involving corpses. It is classified as a paraphilia by the World Health Organization (WHO) in its International Classification of Diseases (ICD) diagnostic manual, as well as by the American Psychiatric Association in its Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM).
Douglas Daniel Clark was an American serial killer and necrophile. Clark and his accomplice, Carol Mary Bundy, were collectively known as the Sunset Strip Killers and were responsible for the deaths of at least seven individuals although they are considered suspects in the deaths of several other women and young girls. Clark was charged with six murders in Los Angeles, California and was convicted in 1983. Clark's victims were typically young prostitutes or teenage runaways and his victims were decapitated and their severed heads kept as mementos.
Sergey Aleksandrovich Golovkin was a Soviet-Russian serial killer, rapist and necrophile, convicted for the killing of 11 boys between the ages of 10 and 16 in the Moscow area between 1986 and 1992. Golovkin, also known as Fisher and The Boa, tortured, raped and killed young boys in his garage basement and the forests outside Moscow.
Andre Crawford was an American serial killer, rapist and necrophile who killed 11 women between 1993 and 1999 in Chicago. Many of the women were addicted to drugs or worked as sex workers. He also had sex with their corpses. In 2009, Crawford was found guilty on all counts and sentenced to life imprisonment without parole.
Victor Antoine Ardisson, nicknamed the "Vampire of Muy", was a French graverobber and necrophile.
Ondrej Rigo was a Slovak serial killer and necrophile who targeted women in Bratislava, Munich and Amsterdam from 1990 to 1992. He served a life sentence until his death for nine murders and one attempted murder in Leopoldov Prison in Slovakia. Rigo was diagnosed with a schizoid personality disorder and an antisocial personality disorder as well as necrophilia, finding pleasure in having intercourse with women with mutilated heads. Rigo remains the Slovak murderer with the highest number of victims and he is also the most prolific serial killer in modern Slovak history.
Karen Margaret Greenlee is an American criminal who was convicted of stealing a hearse and having sex with the corpse it contained. She is considered as the "best-known modern practitioner of necrophilia", and her case was the subject of much research due to her sex as only ten percent of known necrophiles are women, as well as because of the highly detailed interview she gave about her extensive practice of necrophilia in the anthology book Apocalypse Culture.
Marco Metzler is a German serial killer, who attacked women on the highways between Hesse and North Rhine-Westphalia from 2003 to 2006, raping four and killing three of them.
The Łódź Gay Murderer is an unidentified Polish serial killer who operated in Łódź from 1988 to 1993. He murdered seven men, all of them homosexuals.
Kegashbek Shamshievich Orunbayev, known as The Ivolginsky Ripper, is a Kyrgyzstani-Russian serial killer, rapist, necrophile and cannibal who murdered six women in Altai Krai and Buryatia between 1991 and 2012, sexually abusing their corpses afterwards. He was found guilty of these murders, and sentenced to life imprisonment, which he is serving at the Black Dolphin Prison.
Andrey Sergeyеvich Yezhov, known as The Kashirsky Maniac, was a Russian serial killer and rapist who was forensically linked to at least nine sexually-motivated attacks against young girls and women in Moscow's Kashirsky and Stupinsky districts from 2010 to 2020, seven of which were fatal. He was arrested and later admitted to the respective crimes, but hanged himself in the detention center before he could be charged.
Pedro Costa de Oliveira, better known as Pedro Palhaço, was a Brazilian serial killer and rapist who murdered three women in Rio Grande do Sul from 1922 to 1952. Convicted and sentenced to 130 years imprisonment in total, he was considered one of the longest-serving inmates in the state, but his exact year of death is unknown.
Ibraim and Pedro Henrique de Oliveira, collectively known as The Necrophile Brothers, were Brazilian brothers and serial killers who killed at least eight people around Nova Friburgo, Rio de Janeiro from 1991 to 1995, having sex with the bodies of their female victims.
Radiologist Carl von Cosel, 56, became obsessed with one of the tuberculosis patients at the sanitarium where he worked. Her name was Maria Elena de Hoyos and she was a beautiful, 22-year-old woman.