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All 692 seats to the People's Consultative Assembly (People's Representative Council: 560; Regional Representative Council: 132) 281 seats needed for a majority | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Turnout | 75.11% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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This article is part of a series on the politics and government of Indonesia |
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Pancasila(national philosophy) |
Constitution |
Executive |
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Foreign relations |
Legislative elections were held in Indonesia on 9 April 2014 to elect 136 members of the Regional Representative Council (DPD), 560 members of the People's Representative Council (DPR) and members of regional assemblies at the provincial and regency/municipality level. [1] For eligible voters residing outside Indonesia, elections were held on 5 or 6 April 2014 based on the decision of electoral commission of each different countries.
Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia, between the Indian and Pacific oceans. It is the world's largest island country, with more than seventeen thousand islands, and at 1,904,569 square kilometres, the 14th largest by land area and the 7th largest in combined sea and land area. With over 261 million people, it is the world's 4th most populous country as well as the most populous Muslim-majority country. Java, the world's most populous island, is home to more than half of the country's population.
The Regional Representative Council, is one of two parliamentary chambers in Indonesia. Together with the Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat, (DPR), it makes up the Indonesian national legislative body, the Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat (MPR). Under Indonesia's constitution, the authority of the DPD is limited to areas related to regional governments and can only propose and give advise on bills to the DPR. Unlike the DPR, the DPD has no direct law-making power. Its members are usually called senators instead of DPD members.
The People's Representative Council, alternatively translatable as the House of Representatives or as the House of People's Representatives, is one of two elected national legislative assemblies in Indonesia.
Level | Institution | Seats contested |
---|---|---|
National | People's Representative Council Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat (DPR) | 560 |
National | Regional Representative Council Dewan Perwakilan Daerah (DPD) | 132 |
Province Provinsi | People's Regional Representative Council Level I Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Daerah I (DPRD I) | 2,112 |
Regency Kabupaten/Kota | People's Regional Representative Council Level II Dewan Perwakilian Rakyat Daerah II (DPRD II) | 16,895 |
Total | 20,389 |
A total of 46 parties registered to take part in the election nationwide, from which only 12 parties (plus 3 Aceh parties) passed the requirements set by the General Elections Commission (KPU). To contest the elections, all parties had to have
Aceh is a province of Indonesia, located at the northern end of Sumatra. Its capital and largest city is Banda Aceh. It is close to the Andaman and Nicobar Islands of India and separated from them by the Andaman Sea. Granted a special autonomous status, Aceh is a religiously conservative territory and the only Indonesian province practicing Sharia law officially. There are ten indigenous ethnic groups in this region, the largest being the Acehnese people, accounting for approximately 80% to 90% of the region's population.
In addition, at least one third of each party's candidates had to be female. [2]
Initially all parties with seats in the People's Representative Council were to be allowed to contest the election without the need for verification, but on 29 August 2012, Indonesia's Constitutional Court overturned this provision, obliging all parties to undergo the process. [3]
The Constitutional Court of the Republic of Indonesia is an court in Indonesia which part of Judicial branch of Government of Indonesia, whose primary role is the reviewing of constitutionality under the Constitution. It also has administrative law functions such as ruling on competence disputes between governmental entities, giving final decisions on impeachments, and making judgments on the dissolution of political parties.
The results of this election were instrumental to the presidential election in July due to the requirement that a presidential ticket had to be supported by a party or a coalition of parties winning at least 20% of the seats or 25% of the popular votes in the legislative election.
The 12 national and 3 Aceh parties, together with their ballot numbers were:
The schedule for the elections, as determined by the Indonesian General Elections Commission is as follows: [4]
Date | Event |
---|---|
9 August 2012 | Voter registration begins |
9–15 April 2013 | Registration of candidates for the DPR, DPD and DPRD |
4 August 2013 | Publication of final list of DPR candidates |
16 August 2013 | Publication of provisional electoral roll |
16 March 2014 | Start of election campaign |
6–8 April 2014 | Quiet period - no campaigning allowed |
9 April 2014 | Election day |
7–9 May 2014 | Announcement of results |
11–17 May 2014 | Announcement of seat allocations |
1 October 2014 | DPR and DPD members sworn in |
On polling day, voters were given four ballot papers, one each for the national People's Representative Council (DPR) and Regional Representative Council (DPD) and one each for their local provincial and regency/municipality Regional Representative Councils (DPRD I and DPRD II). Candidates for the DPR and DPRDI/II stand on a party platform. The ballot papers had a section for each of the parties with the party number and symbol. Under the symbols, that parties candidates were listed. Voters could vote for just the party, or one of the candidates (or both) by punching a hole in the ballot paper with the tool provided. Candidates for the DPD stood on an individual basis, so voters simply needed to punch a hole in the candidate's picture, ballot number or name. [5]
For the People's Representative Council (DPR) election each province was divided into between one and eleven electoral districts depending on population. Each of these electoral districts elected between three and ten members by proportional representation with a 3.5% national threshold. [5]
Province | DPR seats | Electoral districts |
---|---|---|
Aceh | 13 | 2 |
North Sumatra | 30 | 3 |
West Sumatra | 14 | 2 |
Riau | 11 | 2 |
Riau Islands | 3 | 1 |
Jambi | 7 | 1 |
South Sumatra | 17 | 2 |
Bangka–Belitung Islands | 3 | 1 |
Bengkulu | 4 | 1 |
Lampung | 18 | 2 |
Jakarta | 21 | 3 |
West Java | 91 | 11 |
Banten | 22 | 3 |
Central Java | 77 | 10 |
Yogyakarta | 8 | 1 |
East Java | 87 | 11 |
Bali | 9 | 1 |
West Nusa Tenggara | 10 | 1 |
East Nusa Tenggara | 13 | 2 |
West Kalimantan | 10 | 1 |
Central Kalimantan | 6 | 1 |
South Kalimantan | 11 | 2 |
East Kalimantan | 8 | 1 |
North Sulawesi | 6 | 1 |
Gorontalo | 3 | 1 |
Central Sulawesi | 6 | 1 |
South Sulawesi | 24 | 3 |
Southeast Sulawesi | 5 | 1 |
West Sulawesi | 3 | 1 |
Maluku | 4 | 1 |
North Maluku | 3 | 1 |
Papua | 10 | 1 |
West Papua | 3 | 1 |
Total | 560 | 77 |
Once the votes were counted, the General Elections Commission eliminated any party that had failed to obtain a 3.5% share of the national vote. It then allocated seats in the People's Representative Council via a two-stage process. First the number of votes to secure one DPR seat in each electoral district was calculated by dividing the number of valid votes by the number of seats to be elected in each district. Each party's vote in each district was divided by this amount to determine the number of seats won outright. Any party with less than this amount won no seats in this first stage. The remaining votes were then used to determine which party won any seats so far unallocated by awarding these seats to the parties with the largest remainders until all seats were allocated. [2]
For the Regional Representative Council (DPD) each province, regardless of size and population, returns 4 members. The candidates for DPD stood independently. Voters were given one and only one vote. The system used is Single Non-Transferable Vote.
Only parties with at least 25 percent of the popular vote or that control 20 percent of seats in the DPR were able to nominate candidates for the presidential election. Parties that did not achieve this percentage had to form a coalition with other parties to make up the required percentage share to nominate a candidate. [6]
Numerous opinion polls have been done by many different pollsters to gauge the voting intention of the electorate. However, many of them are regarded to be unreliable. [7] The quality of polling in Indonesia varies considerably. Further, some of the polling institutions provide little information about their polling methods. The data set out below should therefore be treated with care.
Poll source | Date(s) administered | Sample size | Demokrat | Golkar | PDI-P | PKS | PAN | PPP | PKB | Gerindra | Hanura | Nasdem | PBB | PKPI | Und. | Lead |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2009 election | 9 April 2009 | 104,048,118 | 20.85% | 14.45% | 14.03% | 7.88% | 6.01% | 5.32% | 4.94% | 4.46% | 3.77% | – | 1.79% | 0.90% | 15.60% | 6.40% |
LSI (Lingkaran) | 1–8 March 2013 | 1,200 | 11.7% | 22.2% | 18.8% | 3.7% | 4.0% | 4.0% | 4.5% | 7.3% | 2.6% | 4.5% | – | – | 16.7% | 3.4% |
LSN | 26 February–15 March 2013 | 1,230 | 4.3% | 19.2% | 20.5% | 4.6% | 4.1% | 3.4% | 4.1% | 11.9% | 6.2% | 5.3% | 0.4% | 0.2% | 15.8% | 1.3% |
LKP | 20–30 March 2013 | 1,225 | 7.8% | 19.2% | 18.8% | 5.1% | 4.6% | 3.9% | 4.4% | 10.5% | 8.1% | 6.3% | 0.9% | 0.3% | 10.1% | 0.4% |
LSN | 1–10 May 2013 | 1,230 | 6.1% | 19.7% | 18.3% | 3.8% | 3.8% | 4.3% | 4.6% | 13.9% | 6.9% | 4.8% | 1.4% | 0.05% | 11.9% | 1.4% |
LIPI | 10–31 May 2013 | 1,799 | 11.1% | 14.5% | 14.9% | 2.6% | 2.5% | 2.9% | 5.6% | 7.4% | 1.9% | 2.2% | 0.6% | 0.3% | 31.1% | 0.4% |
IRC | May 2013 | - | 7.5% | 12.2% | 14.7% | 2.8% | 2.8% | 2.4% | 2.8% | 11.1% | 4.0% | 4.5% | 0.4% | 0.3% | - | 3.6% |
PDB | 11–18 June 2013 | 1,200 | 9.4% | 14.1% | 14.53% | 1.2% | 2.56% | 2.31% | 2.56% | 8.89% | 1.03% | 3.33% | 0.34% | 0.09% | 21.11% | 0.43% |
IRC | 8–11 July 2013 | 794 | 7.66% | 7.00% | 17.96% | 3.30% | 1.45% | 0.9% | 1.19% | 6.61% | 5.95% | 2.11% | 1.4% | 1.5% | 44.1% | 10.30% |
Kompas | July 2013 | 1,400 | 10.1% | 16.0% | 23.6% | 2.20% | 2.5% | 4.2% | 5.7% | 13.6% | 2.7% | 4.1% | – | – | 13.4% | 7.6% |
Alvara | 15–23 August 2013 | 1,532 | 7.4% | 8.4% | 14.8% | 3.4% | 2.1% | 2.2% | 1.7% | 12.5% | 3.8% | 4.6% | 0.1% | 0.1% | 39.0% | 2.3% |
SSSG | 25 August–9 September 2013 | 1,250 | 10.3% | 5.0% | 13.6% | 2.9% | 2.7% | 0.9% | 0.6% | 5.6% | 2.2% | 1.9% | 0.9% | 0.1% | – | 3.3% |
LSI (Lingkaran) | 12 September–5 October 2013 | 1,200 | 9.8% | 20.4% | 18.7% | 4.4% | 5.2% | 4.6% | 4.6% | 6.6% | 3.4% | 2.0% | 0.6% | 0.3% | 19.4% | 1.7% |
Pol-Tracking Institute | 13 September–11 October 2013 | 2,010 | 8.8% | 16.9% | 18.5% | 2.9% | 2.0% | 3.4% | 4.6% | 6.6% | 3.5% | 2.1% | 0.7% | 0.1% | - | 2.4% |
Indikator | 10–20 October 2013 | 1,200 (400) | 9.2% | 17.5% | 21.6% | 3.1% | 1.2% | 4.7% | 4.5% | 9.1% | 4.1% | 3.7% | 0.9% | 0% | 20.3% | 4.1% |
Indikator (if Joko Widodo runs) | 8.8% | 16.9% | 37.8% | 0.6% | 2.5% | 3.6% | 2.5% | 6.6% | 3.5% | 1.4% | 0.3% | 0% | 21.1% | 20.9% | ||
Morgan | October 2013 | 2,985 | 15% | 21% | 24% | 5% | 5% | 2% | 7% | 12% | 5% | 2% | 1% | – | 1% | 3% |
Morgan | November 2013 | 2,960 | 14% | 21% | 29% | 5% | 5% | 2% | 5% | 12% | 5% | 2% | 0% | – | – | 8% |
Charta Politika | 28 November–6 December 2013 | 2,010 | 7.4% | 12.6% | 15.8% | 3.8% | 4.4% | 3.8% | 5.9% | 7.8% | 4.1% | 3.9% | 0.4% | 0.3% | 29.7% | 3.2% |
Indo Barometer | 4–15 December 2013 | 1,200 | 5.4% | 14.2% | 28.8% | 2.5% | 4.2% | 2.1% | 7.1% | 9.2% | 2.5% | 0.8% | 0.4% | 0.0% | 22.9 | 14.6% |
Pol-Tracking Institute | 16–23 December 2013 | 1,200 | 7.92% | 15.93% | 22.44% | 3.00% | 2.67% | 4.50% | 4.59% | 8.67% | 4.25% | 2.50% | 0.25% | 0.00% | 23.27% | 6.49% |
Kompas | December 2013 | 1,380-1,400 | 7.2% | 16.5% | 21.8% | 2.3% | 3.2% | 2.4% | 5.1% | 11.1% | 6.6% | 6.9% | 1.1% | 0.1% | 6.7% | 5.3% |
Morgan | December 2013 | 2,144 | 14% | 20% | 26% | 4% | 5% | 2% | 6% | 12% | 6% | 3% | 1% | – | 1% | 6% |
LSI (Lingkaran) | 6–16 January 2014 | 1,200 | 4.7% | 18.3% | 18.2% | 2.2% | 3.3% | 3.6% | 3.7% | 8.7% | 4.0% | 2.0% | 0.7% | 0.5% | 30.1% | 0.1% |
LSJ | 12–26 January 2014 | 1,240 | 6.12% | 17.74% | 19.83% | 3.87% | 4.51% | 4.83% | 4.67% | 12.58% | 6.85% | 6.94% | 1.20% | 0.24% | 10.62% | 2.09% |
Morgan | January 2014 | 3,000 | 11% | 20% | 27% | 4% | 5% | 2% | 7% | 14% | 6% | 2% | 1% | – | 1% | 7% |
Median | 28 January–15 February 2014 | 1,500 | 5.7% | 17.8% | 21.4% | 5.1% | 3.5% | 4.9% | 5.0% | 6.2% | 4.8% | 3.6% | 1.1% | 0.1% | 20.8% | 3.6% |
Morgan | February 2014 | 2,934 | 10% | 20% | 29% | 4% | 4% | 2% | 6% | 15% | 7% | 2% | 1% | – | – | 9% |
LKP | 26 February–4 March 2014 | 1,240 | 6.7% | 18.1% | 21.8% | 3.7% | 3.3% | 3.5% | 5.7% | 11.1% | 11.3% | 3.1% | 1.1% | 0.3% | 10.3% | 3.7% |
Charta Politika | 1–8 March 2014 | 1,200 | 8.0% | 16.4% | 21.2% | 3.2% | 4.5% | 5.1% | 7.2% | 12.0% | 4.8% | 2.6% | 0.4% | 0.1% | 14.5% | 4.8% |
Morgan | 1–15 March 2014 | 2,300 | 11% | 22% | 27% | 4% | 4% | 3% | 3% | 17% | 6% | 2% | 1% | – | – | 5% |
Morgan | 16–30 March 2014 | 1,965 | 10% | 17% | 37% | 4% | 4% | 2% | 3% | 14% | 6% | 3% | – | – | – | 20% |
JSI | 24–30 March 2014 | 1,200 | 9.0% | 18.0% | 24.7% | 4.3% | 6.5% | 5.4% | 7.9% | 11.8% | 6.1% | 4.4% | 0.9% | 0.9% | – | 6.7% |
Election results | 9 April 2014 | 124,972,491 | 10.19% | 14.75% | 18.95% | 6.79% | 7.59% | 6.53% | 9.04% | 11.81% | 5.26% | 6.72% | 1.46% | 0.91% | – | 4.20% |
Indonesian Democratic Party – Struggle won the election by 18.95% votes, followed by Golkar with 14.75% votes and Great Indonesia Movement Party with 11.81% vote. However, neither of the parties can submit their own presidential candidate for the next 2014 Indonesian presidential election because none of them reached the electoral threshold for the presidential election, 20%.
Parties | Votes | % | Swing | Seats | % | +/- |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indonesian Democratic Party – Struggle (Partai Demokrasi Indonesia Perjuangan, PDI–P) | 23,681,471 | 18.95 | 109 | 19.47 | ||
Party of the Functional Groups (Partai Golongan Karya, Golkar) | 18,432,312 | 14.75 | 91 | 16.25 | ||
Great Indonesia Movement Party (Partai Gerakan Indonesia Raya, Gerindra) | 14,760,371 | 11.81 | 73 | 13.04 | ||
Democratic Party (Partai Demokrat, PD) | 12,728,913 | 10.19 | 61 | 10.89 | ||
National Mandate Party (Partai Amanat Nasional, PAN) | 9,481,621 | 7.59 | 49 | 8.75 | ||
National Awakening Party (Partai Kebangkitan Bangsa, PKB) | 11,298,957 | 9.04 | 47 | 8.39 | ||
Prosperous Justice Party (Partai Keadilan Sejahtera, PKS) | 8,480,204 | 6.79 | 40 | 7.14 | ||
United Development Party (Partai Persatuan Pembangunan, PPP) | 8,157,488 | 6.53 | 39 | 6.96 | ||
Nasdem Party (Partai Nasdem, Nasdem) | 8,402,812 | 6.72 | New | 35 | 6.25 | New |
People's Conscience Party (Partai Hati Nurani Rakyat, Hanura) | 6,579,498 | 5.26 | 16 | 2.86 | ||
Crescent Star Party (Partai Bulan Bintang, PBB) | 1,825,750 | 1.46 | 0 | 0.00 | ||
Indonesian Justice and Unity Party (Partai Keadilan dan Persatuan Indonesia, PKPI) | 1,143,094 | 0.91 | 0 | 0.00 | ||
Total | 124,972,491 | 100.00 | 560 | 100.00 | ||
Spoilt and null votes | 14,601,436 | 7.86 | ||||
Voter turnout | 139,573,927 | 75.11 | ||||
Electorate | 185,826,024 | |||||
Source: General Election Commission[ citation needed ] and People's Representative Council website[ citation needed ] Note: Seat change totals are displayed only for parties which stood in the previous election, including those which changed party names | ||||||
Parties contesting in Aceh only | ||||||
Aceh Party (Partai Aceh) | ||||||
Aceh National Party (Partai Nasional Aceh, PNA) | New | |||||
Aceh Peace Party (Partai Damai Aceh, PDA) | New | |||||
Source: [8] [9] [10] [11] [12] Note: 1. Results are pending to appeals made in the Constitutional Court. |
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