PLATO is a suite of programs for electronic structure calculations. It receives its name from the choice of basis set used to expand the electronic wavefunctions.
A wetting layer is an monolayer of atoms that is epitaxially grown on a flat surface. The atoms forming the wetting layer can be semimetallic elements/compounds or metallic alloys. Wetting layers form when depositing a lattice-mismatched material on a crystalline substrate. This article refers to the wetting layer connected to the growth of self-assembled quantum dots. These quantum dots form on top of the wetting layer. The wetting layer can influence the states of the quantum dot for applications in quantum information processing and quantum computation.
Peter Andreas Grünberg was a German physicist, and Nobel Prize in Physics laureate for his discovery with Albert Fert of giant magnetoresistance which brought about a breakthrough in gigabyte hard disk drives.
Imperfections in the crystal lattice of diamond are common. Such defects may be the result of lattice irregularities or extrinsic substitutional or interstitial impurities, introduced during or after the diamond growth. The defects affect the material properties of diamond and determine to which type a diamond is assigned; the most dramatic effects are on the diamond color and electrical conductivity, as explained by the electronic band structure.
Lead telluride is a compound of lead and tellurium (PbTe). It crystallizes in the NaCl crystal structure with Pb atoms occupying the cation and Te forming the anionic lattice. It is a narrow gap semiconductor with a band gap of 0.32 eV. It occurs naturally as the mineral altaite.
The Boltzmann Medal is a prize awarded to physicists that obtain new results concerning statistical mechanics; it is named after the celebrated physicist Ludwig Boltzmann. The Boltzmann Medal is awarded once every three years by the Commission on Statistical Physics of the International Union of Pure and Applied Physics, during the STATPHYS conference.
Rydberg matter is an exotic phase of matter formed by Rydberg atoms; it was predicted around 1980 by É. A. Manykin, M. I. Ozhovan and P. P. Poluéktov. It has been formed from various elements like caesium, potassium, hydrogen and nitrogen; studies have been conducted on theoretical possibilities like sodium, beryllium, magnesium and calcium. It has been suggested to be a material that diffuse interstellar bands may arise from. Circular Rydberg states, where the outermost electron is found in a planar circular orbit, are the most long-lived, with lifetimes of up to several hours, and are the most common.
The Australian Centre for Neutron Scattering (ACNS), formerly the Bragg Institute, is a landmark neutron and X-ray scattering facility in Australia. It is located at the Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation's (ANSTO) Lucas Heights site, 40 km south-west of Sydney, in New South Wales, Australia.
Grazing-incidence small-angle scattering (GISAS) is a scattering technique used to study nanostructured surfaces and thin films. The scattered probe is either photons or neutrons. GISAS combines the accessible length scales of small-angle scattering and the surface sensitivity of grazing incidence diffraction (GID).
A domain wall is a term used in physics which can have similar meanings in magnetism, optics, or string theory. These phenomena can all be generically described as topological solitons which occur whenever a discrete symmetry is spontaneously broken.
Edward Ott is an American physicist and electrical engineer, who is a professor at University of Maryland, College Park. He is best known for his contributions to the development of chaos theory.
Štefan Luby is a Slovak physicist and senior research fellow at the Slovak Academy of Sciences (SAS). He is doctor honoris causa of University of Salento, Italy, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, University of Constantine the Philosopher in Nitra, Slovakia, and Alexander Dubček University in Trenčín, Slovakia. He occupied positions of the director of the Institute of Physics of SAS for nine years and was the president of the SAS for fourteen years (1995–2009). He was the acting president of the All European Academies and the acting president of the Central European Academy of Sciences and Arts. At present, he is a member of Senate and vice-president of the European Academy of Sciences and Arts with the headquarters in Salzburg. He has chaired the editorial board of the Slovak Encyclopaedia Beliana since 1992.
The International Conference on Low Temperature Physics (LT) is an academic conference held every three years near the month of September attracting on average well over a thousand participants from all over the world. The LT conferences are endorsed by the International Union of Pure and Applied Physics (IUPAP) via its Commission on Low Temperature Physics (C5). The mandate of the LT conferences is to promote the exchange of information and views among the members of the international scientific community in the general field of Low Temperature Physics.
MgCu2 is a binary intermetallic compound of magnesium (Mg) and copper (Cu) adopting cubic crystal structure, more specifically the C15 Laves phase. The space group of MgCu2 is Fd3m with lattice parameter a = 7.04 Å.
Geometric diodes, also known as morphological diodes, use the shape of their structure and ballistic / quasi-ballistic electron transport to create diode behavior. Geometric diodes differ from all other forms of diodes because they do not rely on a depletion region or a potential barrier to create their diode behavior. Instead of a potential barrier, an asymmetry in the geometry of the material creates an asymmetry in forward vs reverse bias current.
Stefan Karol Estreicher is a theoretical physicist, currently serving as Paul Whitfield Horn Distinguished Professor Emeritus at the Physics Department of Texas Tech University in Lubbock, Texas.
Europium(III) nitride is a binary inorganic compound of europium and nitrogen with the chemical formula EuN.
Promethium nitride is a binary inorganic compound of promethium and nitrogen with the chemical formula PmN.
