Isodon

Isodon
Isodon longitubus
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Eudicots
Clade:	Asterids
Order:	Lamiales
Family:	Lamiaceae
Subfamily:	Nepetoideae
Tribe:	Ocimeae
Genus:	Isodon (Schrad. ex Benth.) Spach
Synonyms [1] [2]
Plectranthus sect. IsodonSchrad. ex Benth. Rabdosia(Blume) Hassk. DielsiaKudô 1929, illegitimate homonym not Gilg. 1904 (Restionaceae) AmethystanthusNakai HomalocheilosJ.K.Morton SkapanthusC.Y.Wu & H.W.Li

Isodon (teacost) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Lamiaceae described in 1840. ^{[3] [4] [2]} It is native to tropical and subtropical parts of the Old World, primarily Asia but two species are from Africa. Many of the species are endemic to China, where it is called xiangchacai or "fragrant tea". ^{[1] [5]} In China, a rapid radiation of Isodon ocurred during the Pliocene that coincided with a shift from herbs inhabiting humid areas to shrubs inhabiting dry valleys. ^[6]

Species ^[1]

1. Isodon adenanthus - Guizhou, Sichuan, Yunnan
2. Isodon adenolomus - Sichuan, Yunnan
3. Isodon albopilosus - Sichuan
4. Isodon amethystoides - S China and Taiwan
5. Isodon angustifolius - Yunnan
6. Isodon × arakii - Japan
7. Isodon assamicus - Assam
8. Isodon atroruber - Bhutan
9. Isodon barbeyanus - Sichuan
10. Isodon brevicalcaratus - Guangdong
11. Isodon brevifolius - Yunnan
12. Isodon bulleyanus - Yunnan
13. Isodon calcicola - Yunnan
14. Isodon capillipes - Sri Lanka
15. Isodon coetsa - China, Tibet, Indian Subcontinent, Indochina, Indonesia, Philippines
16. Isodon colaniae - Laos
17. Isodon dawoensis - Sichuan
18. Isodon dhankutanus - Nepal
19. Isodon effusus - Japan
20. Isodon enanderianus - Sichuan, Yunnan
21. Isodon eriocalyx - Myanmar, Thailand, SW China
22. Isodon excisoides - Hubei, Sichuan, Yunnan
23. Isodon excisus - Primorye, Korea, Japan, NE China
24. Isodon flabelliformis - Sichuan, Yunnan
25. Isodon flavidus - Guizhou, Yunnan
26. Isodon flexicaulis - Sichuan, Yunnan
27. Isodon forrestii - Sichuan, Yunnan
28. Isodon gesneroides - Sichuan
29. Isodon gibbosus - Guizhou, Sichuan
30. Isodon glutinosus - Sichuan, Yunnan
31. Isodon grandifolius - Sichuan, Yunnan
32. Isodon grosseserratus - Sichuan
33. Isodon henryi - S China
34. Isodon hirtellus - Sichuan, Yunnan
35. Isodon hispidus - Bhutan, Assam, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Thailand, Yunnan, Laos
36. Isodon × inamii - Japan
37. Isodon inflexus - China, Korea, Japan
38. Isodon interruptus - Yunnan
39. Isodon irroratus - Yunnan, Tibet
40. Isodon japonicus - China, Korea, Japan, Primorye, Amur
41. Isodon kurzii - Sikkim
42. Isodon latifolius - Sichuan
43. Isodon leucophyllus - Sichuan, Yunnan
44. Isodon liangshanicus - Sichuan
45. Isodon lihsienensis - Sichuan
46. Isodon longitubus - Anhui, Zhejiang, Japan
47. Isodon lophanthoides - China, Indian Subcontinent, Indochina
48. Isodon loxothyrsus - Sichuan, Tibet, Yunnan
49. Isodon lungshengensis - Guangxi
50. Isodon macrocalyx - S China incl Taiwan
51. Isodon macrophyllus - Anhui, Jiangsu
52. Isodon medilungensis - Sichuan
53. Isodon meeboldii - Myanmar, Thailand
54. Isodon megathyrsus - Sichuan, Yunnan
55. Isodon melissoides - Arunachal Pradesh, Yunnan, Bhutan, Assam, Bangladesh
56. Isodon mucronatus - Sichuan
57. Isodon muliensis - Sichuan
58. Isodon myriocladus - Guangxi, Guangdidong, Sichuan
59. Isodon namikawanus - Nepal
60. Isodon nervosus - SE + SW China
61. Isodon nigrescens - S India, Sri Lanka
62. Isodon nilgherricus - S India
63. Isodon × ohwii - Japan
64. Isodon oreophilus - Yunnan
65. Isodon oresbius - Sichuan, Yunnan
66. Isodon pantadenius - Yunnan
67. Isodon parvifolius - Gansu, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Tibet
68. Isodon pharicus - Sichuan, Tibet, Nepal, Bhutan
69. Isodon phulchokiensis - Nepal
70. Isodon phyllopodus - Guizhou, Sichuan, Tibet, Yunnan
71. Isodon phyllostachys - Sichuan, Yunnan
72. Isodon pleiophyllus - Yunnan
73. Isodon racemosus - Hubei, Sichuan, Thailand
74. Isodon ramosissimus - tropical Africa
75. Isodon repens - Himalayas
76. Isodon rivularis - S India
77. Isodon rosthornii - Guizhou, Sichuan, Yunnan
78. Isodon rubescens - S + C China
79. Isodon rugosiformis - Yunnan
80. Isodon rugosus - Oman, Afghanistan, Pakistan, India, Tibet, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh
81. Isodon schimperi - East Africa from Ethiopia to Uganda
82. Isodon scoparius - Yunnan
83. Isodon scrophularioides - Himalayas
84. Isodon sculponiatus - Himalayas, S China, Vietnam
85. Isodon secundiflorus - Sichuan
86. Isodon serra - China, Korea, Primorye
87. Isodon setschwanensis - Sichuan, Yunnan
88. Isodon shikokianus - Japan
89. Isodon silvaticus - Tibet
90. Isodon smithianus - Sichuan, Tibet
91. Isodon × suzukii - Japan
92. Isodon tenuifolius - Sichuan, Yunnan
93. Isodon ternifolius - Saudi Arabia, Himalayas, S China
94. Isodon teysmannii - Thailand, Indonesia
95. Isodon × togashii - Japan
96. Isodon trichocarpus - Japan
97. Isodon umbrosus - Japan
98. Isodon walkeri - Indian Subcontinent, Indochina, S China
99. Isodon wardii - Tibet
100. Isodon websteri - Liaoning
101. Isodon weisiensis - Yunnan
102. Isodon wightii - S India
103. Isodon wikstroemioides - Sichuan, Tibet, Yunnan
104. Isodon xerophilus - Yunnan
105. Isodon yuennanensis - Sichuan, Tibet

References

1. Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
2. Tropicos, Isodon (Schrad. ex Benth.) Spach
3. Spach, Édouard. 1840. Histoire Naturelle des Végétaux. Phanérogames 9: 162 descriptions in Latin, commentary in French
4. Bentham, George. 1832. Labiatarum Genera et Species 40
5. Flora of China Vol. 17 Page 269 香茶菜属 xiang cha cai shu Isodon (Schrader ex Bentham) Spach, Hist. Nat. Veg. 9: 162. 1840.
6. Chen, Ya-Ping; Sunojkumar, Purayidathkandy; Spicer, Robert A; Hodel, Richard G J; Soltis, Douglas E; Soltis, Pamela S; Paton, Alan J; Sun, Miao; Drew, Bryan T; Xiang, Chun-Lei (2025-02-01). "Rapid Radiation of a Plant Lineage Sheds Light on the Assembly of Dry Valley Biomes". Molecular Biology and Evolution. 42 (2): msaf011. doi:10.1093/molbev/msaf011. ISSN   1537-1719. PMC   11817785 . PMID   39823311.