Junction, Illinois

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Junction, Illinois
Junction-welcome-sign-il.jpg
Welcome sign
Gallatin County Illinois Incorporated and Unincorporated areas Junction Highlighted.svg
Location of Junction in Gallatin County, Illinois.
Coordinates: 37°43′24″N88°14′17″W / 37.72333°N 88.23806°W / 37.72333; -88.23806 [1]
CountryUnited States
State Illinois
County Gallatin
Township Gold Hill
Area
[2]
  Total
0.83 sq mi (2.14 km2)
  Land0.83 sq mi (2.14 km2)
  Water0.00 sq mi (0.00 km2)
Elevation
[1]
358 ft (109 m)
Population
 (2010)
  Total
129
  Density134.38/sq mi (51.88/km2)
Time zone UTC-6 (CST)
  Summer (DST) UTC-5 (CDT)
ZIP code
62954
Area code 618
FIPS code 17-38778
GNIS feature ID2398314 [1]

Junction is a village in Gold Hill Township, Gallatin County, Illinois, United States. The population was 56 at the 2020 census. [3]

Contents

History

1970s photograph of the John Hart Crenshaw House near Junction The Old Slave House.jpg
1970s photograph of the John Hart Crenshaw House near Junction

Junction was founded in the 1880s, and was named for its location at the junction of the L&N and B&O railroads. When a post office was established in 1884, it was named "Cypress Junction." The name was changed to "Junction City" in 1888, and shortened to "Junction" in 1894. [4]

Junction's location in a relatively flat area leaves it prone to flooding along the Ohio River, which can cause waters in the nearby Saline River to back up. A major flood in March 1997 displaced several area residents and blocked all but one road leading into the village. [5]

On June 1, 2022, Junction General Baptist Church burned down after lightning struck the steeple. [6]

Crenshaw House

The Hickory Hill mansion, almost five miles west of Junction, is the 19th-century home of illegal slave trader and slave breeder John Hart Crenshaw. It was infamously known as the "Old Slave House," as it was used as a criminal front for the kidnapping of free blacks who were illegally sold into the Southern slave trade on the Reverse Underground Railroad, as well as a farm for slave breeding. [7]

Geography

Junction is located at the center of Gallatin County. The village lies along Illinois Route 13, a few miles west of the Ohio River, and north of the Shawnee National Forest. The Saline River, a tributary of the Ohio, passes just to the south.

According to the 2010 census, Junction has a total area of 0.883 square miles (2.29 km2), of which 0.88 square miles (2.28 km2) (or 99.66%) is land and 0.003 square miles (0.01 km2) (or 0.34%) is water. [8]

Demographics

Historical population
CensusPop.Note
1910 800
1920 321−59.9%
1930 292−9.0%
1940 3209.6%
1950 239−25.3%
1960 238−0.4%
1970 199−16.4%
1980 192−3.5%
1990 2014.7%
2000 139−30.8%
2010 129−7.2%
2020 56−56.6%
U.S. Decennial Census [9]

As of the 2020 census, there were 56 people, 35 households, and 38 families residing in the village. The racial makeup of the village was 92.9% White. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.79% of the population. [10]

There were 35 households, out of which 10.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 68.6% were married couples living together, 22.9% had a female householder with no husband present.

The median income for a household in the village was $32,375, and the median income for a family was $42,500. 45.5% of those over 64 were living below the poverty line.

Notable person

References

  1. 1 2 3 U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Junction, Illinois
  2. "2019 U.S. Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved July 14, 2020.
  3. "Junction, Illinois, USA 2020 Census".
  4. Edward Callary, Place Names of Illinois (University of Illinois Press, 2010), p. 180.
  5. Southern Illinois Regional Planning and Development Commission, et. al., "Hazard Mitigation Plan, Gallatin County, Illinois Archived February 22, 2017, at the Wayback Machine (2011), p. 36.
  6. "Church destroyed by fire in Gallatin County". June 2, 2022.
  7. Molly Parker, "Future of Crenshaw House, or Old Slave House, in Question," The Southern, February 21, 2016.
  8. "G001 - Geographic Identifiers - 2010 Census Summary File 1". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved August 4, 2015.
  9. "Census of Population and Housing". Census.gov. Retrieved June 4, 2015.
  10. "Junction, Illinois, USA 2020 Census".

Further reading