June 2016 Tel Aviv shooting

Last updated

June 2016 Tel Aviv shooting
Part of Israeli–Palestinian conflict (2015–16) or ISIL terrorism
PikiWiki Israel 46147 Sarona Market.JPG
Sarona Market in 2015
Israel outline center ta.png
Red pog.svg
Location Sarona Market, Tel Aviv, Israel
Coordinates 32°04′21″N34°47′10″E / 32.07243°N 34.78622°E / 32.07243; 34.78622
Date8 June 2016;7 years ago (2016-06-08)
21:26 (IDT)
Attack type
 Mass shooting
Weapons improvised "carlo" submachine guns [1]
Deaths4
Injured7 civilians (+14 shock victims) [2]
1 perpetrator [3]
PerpetratorsKhalid al-Mahmara and Muhammad Ahmad Moussa Mahmara [4] (inspired by the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant) [5]

In a terrorist attack in Tel Aviv, Israel on 8 June 2016, two Palestinian gunmen opened fire on patrons at the Max Brenner Cafe at the Sarona Market, killing four people and injuring seven others. The perpetrators were caught alive by the security forces and put in custody. According to an official indictment filed by the Tel Aviv District Prosecutor's Office the perpetrators were inspired by the Islamic State group. [5]

Contents

Background

Perpetrators

The perpetrators, Khalid al-Muhamra and Muhammad Ahmad Moussa Mahmara, cousins belonging to the Makhamra family from the town of Yatta in the Hebron area in the West Bank were both 21. [6] The two did not have any previous criminal record [7] and were arrested by the police following the attack. [8] An investigation by the Israel Security Agency revealed the shooters were influenced by propaganda videos of the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant, [9] but did not receive aid or instruction or pledge allegiance to the Islamic State. [10] Ayash Musa Zayn, their friend from Yatta helped the two with the planning of the attack and secured their weapons. [10] The two were also assisted by Salim Mognam (23) of Yatta, who helped them infiltrate Israel through a break in the separation barrier. [10]

Khalid al-Muhamra is a Hamas member who studied at the Al-Karak Jordanian military academy, and arrived for Ramadan vacation. [11] His peers said he was an electrical engineering honors student and came from a family associated with Fatah. [12] Muhammad Ahmad Moussa Mahmara was not identified as a member of any group. [13] Hamas said both perpetrators were its members. [4] The father of one perpetrator stated he was surprised by his son's actions. [14] The perpetrators' uncle, Taleb Mahmara, was a member of the militant Tanzim faction of Fatah. He participated in an attack that killed four Israelis south of Hebron in 2002. Taleb is today imprisoned in Israel and his house was demolished after he was arrested. [6]

Preparations

Muhammad spent a long period of time studying in Jordan in 2015, where he was influenced by ISIL propaganda videos and the decision to carry out the attack was taken after he returned to Yatta in January 2016. [9]

Muhammad and Khalid asked their friend Ayash Musa Zayn from their town to participate in the attack. The three originally planned to attack an Israeli train and gathered information about timetables, journey routes, entrances and exits, gateways and numbers of passengers passing through different stations. Muhammad and Khalid bought 30 cm knives and rat poison to be spread on the knives and maximize the damage caused. They also bought suits, watches, bags, shoes and glasses. The entire cost of their equipment was around 4000 NIS. They were equipped with what appeared to be improvised "carlo" submachine guns to carry out the attack. [15] They went to shooting practice to make sure that their weapons worked and hid them with Ayash along with the ammunition and the rest of their equipment. The two prevented Ayash from participating in the attack because he was in a financial debt, which according to Islamic law precludes the possibility of an individual becoming a Shahid (martyr). [9]

The two were reported missing to the Palestinian Security Services two days before the attack. This did not arouse suspicion since such notifications to the Palestinian authorities are received every day, and the time interval of their absence was short. [6] The day of the attack, the two entered Israel through a break in the West Bank separation barrier and the area of Beit Yatir, south of Yatta. They were helped from Salim Mognam (23) of Yatta. After infiltrating into Israel, they stayed in an apartment in Segev Shalom that is used by illegal residents where they prepared to set out for Tel Aviv. From there, the two travelled to Be'er Sheva on bus line 53. After a few hours of making the final preparations for the attack, the two made their way to the train station but decided to abort the plan due to security checks being conducted at the entrance. At this point, the two boarded a cab and arrived at HaShalom Railway Station where they asked people where they can find popular restaurants or coffee shops and arrived at a Max Brenner dessert restaurant. [9]

Attack

Events

At 21:04 (UTC+3), on 8 June 2016, two perpetrators dressed in suits and ties arrived at the Max Brenner Cafe in the Sarona Market complex near HaArba'a Street in Tel Aviv. They inspected the area and then sat down on chairs outside, ordering desserts. At 21:27 the perpetrators stood up and fired at the diners until one of the perpetrators' firearms jammed. He slammed the firearm on the floor and the perpetrators started to run away from the site. [16] [17] [18] The perpetrators wounded 11 people. Three were critically wounded, and later succumbed to their wounds, while a fourth - although not directly wounded - died of a heart-attack. Two others were in severe condition, two in moderate condition and four in light condition. An additional 14 people suffering from symptoms of anxiety received medical attention at the scene and at the hospitals. [2] The two did not have an escape plan, an official of the Israel Security Agency said, after investigation, that they "trusted in Allah". [19] The perpetrators fled and split up, and at 21:40, one of the perpetrators was wounded and neutralized after a gunfight with a civil guard of Kol Yisrael [16] and was taken to Ichilov Hospital in serious condition. [18] The other unarmed perpetrator ran in a nearby street, near the Tel Aviv Cinematheque. He encountered an off-duty policeman (who was in plainclothes) and asked him for a glass of water and the unsuspecting policeman invited him into his home with his family. The man then rushed to the scene of the attack, leaving the perpetrator in his home. The family tried to speak to the perpetrator but he didn't respond and was stressed. The wife of the policeman said she didn't suspect anything and that she thought he was a man who ran from the attack. When the policeman saw the other perpetrator was dressed just like the man he invited into his home, he rushed back to his home and captured the perpetrator who tried to escape. [20] [21] While arresting him, one of the policemen called in to help entered the home with his weapon drawn. When he saw that the perpetrator was already captured, he returned his weapon to its sheath, at which point it discharged a bullet and one of the policemen was wounded from shrapnel. [21]

Victims

A makeshift monument in memorial of the victims at the site of the attack Memorial for Sarona attack 2016.jpg
A makeshift monument in memorial of the victims at the site of the attack

Four Israeli citizens were killed as a result of the attack. The victims are: [22]

Aftermath

President of Israel, Reuven Rivlin, visit Sarona the morning after the shooting Reuven Rivlin in a visit at Benedict resorant after Sarona Market shooting (1).jpg
President of Israel, Reuven Rivlin, visit Sarona the morning after the shooting

Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, Defense Minister Avigdor Lieberman and IDF Chief of Staff Gadi Eizenkot said some 83,000 Palestinian entry permits to visit families in Israel for Ramadan were suspended following the attack, [29] a move that was described as "collective punishment" by Knesset member Haneen Zoabi and U.N. High Commissioner for Human Rights Zeid Ra'ad Al Hussein. [30] [31] The IDF imposed a closure over the entire West Bank and the Gaza Strip in the wake of the attack, which was scheduled to end on 11 June after the end of Jewish holiday of Shavuot. The Coordinator of Government Activities in the Territories decided to allow movement in and out of the territories for humanitarian and medical reasons, as well as to allow worshippers to enter Al-Aqsa mosque for Friday prayers [32] except for residents of the Gaza Strip. [29] Lieberman also ordered to halt the practice of returning bodies of other perpetrators of other recent attacks. Erdan proposed to re-establish a cemetery used by Israel during the Second Intifada to bury Palestinian assailants instead of transferring their bodies to their families, an offer Lieberman reportedly supported. Lieberman also demanded to demolish the houses of the perpetrators in 24 hours but Attorney General Avichai Mandelblit said "Israel was governed by the rule of law and that due process took longer than that." [33] The US State department urged Israel to ensure that "any measures it takes are designed to also take into consideration the impact on Palestinian citizens that are trying to go about their daily lives." [34] Police also raided workshops where they believe the guns may have been made. [35]

The Israeli Cabinet stated it will revoke 204 work permits for the al-Makhamra hamula (clan). [36] [37]

The IDF said it will send hundreds of soldiers to the West Bank. [30] They blocked all entrances to the town of Yatta, raided one of the perpetrators' homes, searched the house, interrogated his family members, and mapped out one of perpetrators' houses to prepare it for demolition, and later destroyed it. [6] The blockade of Yatta is the first such action by Israel since the Itamar attack in 2011 and Israeli journalist Ron Ben-Yishai said it is an "effect" of Lieberman's recent appointment as defense minister. [38]

Reactions

Israel

Palestinians

International

Countries

  • Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg  Canada's Foreign Ministry said in a statement online: "Canada shocked by terror attack in Tel Aviv. Our thoughts are with victims & families and we are monitoring the situation." [52]
  • Flag of Germany.svg  Germany's foreign minister Frank-Walter Steinmeier said in a statement "Murder and terror are completely without justification and cannot be used as an instrument of political disagreement" [53]
  • Flag of France.svg  France's President Francois Hollande condemned "with the greatest strength the odious attack" and expressed France's "support for Israel in the fight against terrorism." [54]
  • Flag of Russia.svg  Russia's Foreign Ministry said in a statement: "There are no and can be no justifications of such terrorist acts that seriously complicate a rather difficult atmosphere in the region and obstruct efforts on achieving a fair and stable settlement of the Palestinian-Israeli conflict." [55]
  • Flag of Spain.svg  Spain condemned the attack "in the strongest possible terms" through a statement issued by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, expressed Spain's "deepest sympathies to the families of the victims and to all the people and authorities of Israel", while conveying its "best wishes for a speedy and full recovery to those injured". The statement also recalled Spain's "full support for Israel in its efforts to guarantee the safety of its citizens from the threat of terrorism". [56]
  • Flag of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom ambassador to Israel, David Quarrey, condemned the incident stating there is "no possible justification for terrorism." [57] British Prime Minister David Cameron said on his Twitter account: "I am sickened by the appalling attack in Tel Aviv. We stand with Israel against terrorism and my thoughts are with the victims and families." [58]
  • Flag of the United States.svg  United States State Department, condemned the shooting, called it a "horrific terrorist attack." [59] The department also urged Israel not to use collective punishments against Palestinians. [60] Democratic presidential presumptive nominee Hillary Clinton stated that she stands with Israel, and emphasized her unwavering support. [61] Republican presidential presumptive nominee Donald Trump condemned the attack and "the culture of religious hatred that permeates many Palestinian quarters." [62]

Organizations

Reporting controversies

Journalists set up outside of the Max Brenner cafe in Sarona Market, following a shooting in June, 2016 Max Brenner at Sarona Market 02.jpg
Journalists set up outside of the Max Brenner cafe in Sarona Market, following a shooting in June, 2016

Several Israeli newspapers accused news outlets such as MSNBC, CNN, the BBC of having omitted key facts about the story, such as the Palestinian identity of the perpetrators and some were accused for having given credence to arguments justifying the attack. CNN was criticized by Twitter users for putting the word terrorists in quotation marks, implying that CNN was calling into question whether or not the attackers were terrorists through its use of "scare quotes". CNN later changed the report and apologized, saying "As a result of an editing mistake, an earlier version of this story appeared to call into question whether the Tel Aviv attack was an act of terrorism. It undoubtedly was. The story was corrected." [65]

The BBC was criticized for not mentioning the Palestinian nationality of the perpetrators. Russia Today reported that "two ultra-Orthodox Jewish" gunmen carried out the attack, apparently based on the fact that the gunmen were dressed in black suits. This led to the suspicion that they were trying to disguise themselves as Orthodox Jews, but this theory was later discounted. [66] The Guardian and The Telegraph were criticized for referring to the attack as "shooting incidents". [67]

The Israeli newspaper the Jerusalem Post also criticized MSNBC reporter Ayman Mohyeldin for going "on a rambling, 35 second stream of conscious in which he managed to squeeze in four mentions of 'the occupation' and three mentions of Israeli politics 'shifting to the right' or the 'extreme right,' while talking of Palestinian 'frustration' and Israeli oppression." [68] [69]

UN WATCH have criticized Zeid Ra'ad Zeid Al-Hussein referring to his refusal to call the 9 June Palestinian shooting of Israelis in Tel Aviv a terrorist attack, and his refusal to mention that the attackers were Palestinian. In addition, Zeid's statement declined to call out Hamas leaders for celebrating the murder. UN Watch also criticized the fact that Al-Hussein devoted the bulk of his statement to condemning Israel's response to the murders, which UN Watch said effectively justified the attackers by emphasizing the alleged "sense of injustice and frustration felt by Palestinians in this very tense time." [64]

Inspiration by ISIL

Following a month-long investigation, the Shin Bet security service announced that the terrorists were inspired by the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant. [70] Reportedly, this confirmed the assessment, previously made by Palestinian security services on the night of the attack. [70]

Though this was not an ISIL-organized cell, that received instructions or assistance from the group, one of the terrorists had publicly supported the organization when he studied in Jordan, and the two men clearly committed the attack at Sarona Market out of solidarity with the jihadist group, photographing themselves with an ISIL flag in the background before executing the attack. [70]

Following the shooting, Haaretz wrote that first signs emerged of ISIS-inspired lone-wolf terrorism in Israel. [70] A similar explanation was given when Israeli-Arab terrorist Nashat Melhem murdered three Israelis in Tel Aviv on New Year's Day, with the attacker reportedly radicalized by internet sites connected to ISIL. [70]

The two perpetrators, as well as an additional man who aided in the preparations but at the last moment decided not to join the attack, were convicted and sentences to four life sentences plus sixty years. [71]

An Israeli Arab was convicted and sentenced for 6 months for harboring the perpetrators the night before the attack. [72]

See also

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References

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  58. ↑ "World leaders condemn 'horrific' Tel Aviv terror attack". i24 News . 9 June 2016. Retrieved 9 June 2016.
  59. ↑ "State Department condemns 'horrific' terror attack". The Times of Israel . Retrieved 9 June 2016.
  60. ↑ "US urges Israel not to use collective punishment". Middle East Monitor. 10 June 2016. Retrieved 10 June 2016.
  61. ↑ "Hillary Clinton: 'I stand in solidarity with the Israeli people'". The Times of Israel . Retrieved 9 June 2016.
  62. ↑ "Donald Trump condemns Tel Aviv Sarona Market attack". Ynetnews. 9 June 2016.
  63. ↑ Ravid, Barak; Khoury, Jack (9 June 2016). "Abbas Condemns Tel Aviv Attack as Hamas Praises Terrorists". haaretz. Retrieved 9 June 2016.
  64. 1 2 "UN rights chief condemns Israel, won't call Tel Aviv shooting a terrorist attack". UN Watch . 10 June 2016.
  65. ↑ Black, Phil (9 June 2016). "Tel Aviv terror attack: 4 victims ID'd; Israel searches homes in West Bank". CNN . Retrieved 10 June 2016.
  66. ↑ Sharon, Jeremy (9 June 2016). "International coverage of Sarona Market angers Israel activists, public diplomacy groups". The Jerusalem Post . Retrieved 10 June 2016.
  67. ↑ Broad, Hannah (9 June 2016). "CNN deletes tweet, apologizes for headline which questioned Tel Aviv terror attack". The Jerusalem Post . Retrieved 10 June 2016.
  68. ↑ Sharon, Jeremy (9 June 2016). "International coverage of Sarona Market angers Israel activists, public diplomacy groups". Jerusalem Post.
  69. ↑ Broad, Hannah (9 June 2016). "Outrage at CNN for biased Tel Aviv terror attack title; Fox news anchor comes to Israel's defense". Jerusalem Post.
  70. 1 2 3 4 5 Harel, Amos (5 July 2016). "First signs emerge of ISIS-inspired lone-wolf terrorism in Israel". Haaretz. Retrieved 23 July 2016.
  71. ↑ [4 Life Sentences for Terrorists who Murdered 4 in Sharona Complex], YNET, 29 November 2017
  72. ↑ 6 Month Sentence for Man who Harbored Sharona Terrorists, NRG, 15 March 2017
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