LSWR A12 class

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LSWR A12 class
Nine Elms Locomotive Works, 256, London and South Western Railway (L&SWR) 539, Jubilee-class (Ans 05373-0488).jpg
LSWR A12 class No. 539 in 1888
Type and origin
Power typeSteam
Designer William Adams
BuilderLSWR Nine Elms Works (50)
Neilson & Co. (40)
Build date1887–1894
Total produced90
Specifications
Configuration:
   Whyte 0-4-2
   UIC B1 n2
Gauge 4 ft 8+12 in (1,435 mm)
Driver dia.6 ft 1 in (1.854 m)
Trailing dia. 4 ft 0 in (1.219 m)
Boiler pressure160  lbf/in2 (1.10  MPa)
Cylinders Two, inside
Cylinder size 18 in × 26 in (457 mm × 660 mm)
Performance figures
Tractive effort 15,690  lbf (69.79  kN)
Career
Operators London and South Western Railway
Southern Railway
British Railways
Class LSWR: A12
SR: A12
BR: 1MT
NicknamesJubilees
Retired1928–1948
DispositionAll scrapped

The A12 locomotives of the London and South Western Railway were built between the years 1887 and 1895 to the design of William Adams. Ninety of the locomotives were built, fifty at Nine Elms Works and forty by Neilson and Company, although the latter together with the final twenty from Nine Elms were officially known as the O4 class. They were unusual for their time, with a wheel arrangement of 0-4-2. This arrangement was used by few of the other railway companies and never proved popular (although the Great Northern Railway had 150 such locomotives). They bore the nickname "Jubilees", because the first batch appeared in the Golden Jubilee of Queen Victoria's reign.

Contents

The class were intended for mixed traffic role. Unlike many other British railways, the LSWR had little heavy freight or mineral traffic. The A12s were designed for a dual role of non-express main line passenger services and fast goods, parcels and perishables traffic. Their size, power and design barred them from the fastest express and mail trains on the LSWR, but made them ideal for heavier, slower passenger trains such as holiday and excursion traffic between London and Bournemouth, Poole and the Dorset coast and military trains between the army camps in London and northern Hampshire and the Channel ports, which were an important traffic for the LSWR. The A12s were well-suited to running goods trains of livestock, fruit and milk, on the West of England line between London and Exeter and parcels and express freight going between London and Southampton docks. The class also found a role working secondary cross-country passenger services west of Salisbury, on the route to Plymouth and on rural lines in Hampshire.

History

The 90 members of the class were built in batches, as shown in the following table.

YearOrderBuilderQuantityLSWR numbersNotes
1887A12LSWR Nine Elms10527–536 [1]
1888E1LSWR Nine Elms10537–546 [1]
1889M2LSWR Nine Elms10547–556 [1]
1893–94O4LSWR Nine Elms10597–606 [1]
1892–93 Neilson & Co. 4506–454540607–646 [2]
1894–95K6LSWR Nine Elms10647–656 [1]

All 90 passed to the Southern Railway in 1923, following the introduction of the Grouping Act.

Withdrawal

Withdrawals started in 1928, with four of the class surviving to Nationalisation. The four operated by British Railways were all withdrawn in its first year (1948), excluding DS3191 which was used for steam supply at Eastleigh Works and lasted until 1951. No members of the class have been preserved.

Table of withdrawals
YearQuantity in
service at
start of year
Quantity
withdrawn
Locomotive numbersNotes
1928906E529, E535, E542, E548, E552, E553
19298413E528, E531–E533, E536, E537, E540, E543, E544, E547, E549, E550, E556
1930713E527, E539, E546
1931686E530, E534, E538, E541, E545, E554
1932626551, 607, 608, 610, 653, 656
1933569602, 604, 626, 631, 633, 639, 645, 647, 651
1934471601
1935463603, 621, 635
1936434605, 616, 622, 655
1937394611, 619, 632, 640
1938353617, 628, 650
1939321646613, 620, 624, 625, 629, 642, 644 withdrawn and then reinstated
1944311555
19463012599, 600, 606, 612, 613, 615, 620, 623, 637, 641, 644, 649612 transferred to Departmental stock as 3191S, later BR DS3191; scrapped 1951
19471814597, 598, 609, 614, 624, 625, 630, 634, 638, 642, 643, 648, 652, 654
194844618, 627, 629, 636

Notes

References