Lethrinus erythracanthus

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Lethrinus erythracanthus
Orange-spotted emperor (Lethrinus erythracanthus) (24463913268).jpg
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Acanthuriformes
Family: Lethrinidae
Genus: Lethrinus
Species:
L. erythracanthus
Binomial name
Lethrinus erythracanthus
Synonyms [2]

Lethrinus erythracanthus, the orange-spotted emperor, orangefin emperor, and yellow-spotted emperor, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Lethrinidae. This species is found in the Indo-Pacific region.

Contents

Taxonomy

Lethrinus erythracanthus was first formally described in 1830 by the French zoologist Achille Valenciennes with its type locality given as Luganor in the Caroline Islands. [3] Some authors place the genus Lethrinus in the monotypic subfamily Lethrininae, with all the other genera of Lethrinidae placed in the Monotaxinae, however, the 5th edition of Fishes of the World does not recognise the subfamilies traditionally accepted within the family Lethrinidae as valid. The family Lethrinidae is classified by the 5th edition of Fishes of the World as belonging to the order Spariformes. [4]

Etymology

Lethrinus erythracanthus has the specific name erythracanthus which combines erythros, meaning "red", with acanthus, which means "thorn", Valenciennes described this species as having beautiful red fin rays. [5]

Description

Lethrinus erythracanthus is the largest of the 27 species in the genus Lethrinus . The body is dark brown-grey in colour with scatterd golden-orange spots. [6] It has a short snout. Present on the body are small, light and dark stripes that appear indistinct. These are occasionally present on the lower sides. The head of this species is a brown or grey colour with large eyes that help it feed in the dark. [6] Smaller adults commonly have small, yellow-orange spots on each cheek. [2]

Fins

This species has a distinctive bright orange caudal fin. Younger species have a slightly forked caudal fin that is often bright orange. This fin becomes rounded when the fish matures. In adults, the dorsal and anal fins are rounded and usually bluish and orange mottling or blue spots. The pelvic and pectoral fins are orangish to white in colour. In specimens from the Indian Ocean, the fins are a straw yellow colour instead of orange. [2] The fins have strong spines. [6]

Distribution

This species is found in the waters of East Africa, east to the Tuamotus archipelago and the Society Islands. It is recorded from the Ryukyu Islands in the north, down to the northeastern waters of Australia as well as New Caledonia. [2] [7]

Habitat

Lethrinus erythracanthus is found at depths of between 15 and 120 metres. It is a reef-associated fish and is non-migratory. It lives in channels, the slopes of outer reefs and the soft bottoms that are adjacent. It is also found in deep lagoons. In the day, it may be solitary in or around caves or by ledges. [2]

Diet

This fish is carnivorous and is a bottom-feeder. [6] It is known to eat such animals as starfishes, mollusks, crinoids, echinoids, echinoderms, and crustaceans. [2]

Human uses

This fish is considered to be high-value as food and is caught by sport fishers. [6] When caught in some locations, it may be ciguatoxic and should not be consumed. [2]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lethrinidae</span> Family of fishes

Lethrinidae are a family of ray-finned fishes belonging to the order Spariformes commonly known as emperors, emperor breams, and pigface breams.

<i>Lethrinus miniatus</i> Species of fish

Lethrinus miniatus, the trumpet emperor, redthroat emperor, sweetlip emperor, Sweetlip Swoose, island snapper, yellowmouth perch, yellowmouth snapper, lipper or nannygal, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Lethrinidae, the emperors and emperor breams. This species is found the eastern Indo-West Pacific region.

<i>Lethrinus laticaudis</i> Species of fish

Lethrinus laticaudis, the grass emperor, blue-lined emperor, blue-spotted emperor, brown kelp-fish, brown morwong, brown sweetlip, coral bream, grass sweetlip, grey sweetlip, piggy, red throat, red-finned emperor, snapper bream, squire, sweet-lips or tricky snapper, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Lethrinidae, the emperors and emperor breams. This fish is found in the eastern Indian and western Pacific Oceans.

<i>Gnathodentex</i> Genus of fishes

Gnathodentex is a genus of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Lethrinidae, the emperors or emperor breams. It is a monotypic genus, containing a single species, the goldspot seabream, also known as the striped large-eye bream. This taxon has a wide distribution in Indo-West Pacific region.

<i>Lethrinus</i> Genus of fishes

Lethrinus is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Lethrinidae, the emperors and emperor breams. These fishes are mostly found in the Indian and western Pacific Oceans, with a single species in the eastern Atlantic Ocean.

<i>Lethrinus olivaceus</i> Species of fish

Lethrinus olivaceus, common name longface emperor or long-nosed emperor, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Lethrinidae, the emperors or emperor breams. This species has a wide Indo-Pacific distribution.

<i>Lethrinus obsoletus</i> Species of fish

Lethrinus obsoletus, the orange-striped emperor, yellow-banded emperor or yellowstripe emperor, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Lethrinidae, the emperors or emperor breams. This species has a wide Indo-Pacific distribution.

<i>Lethrinus atkinsoni</i> Species of fish

Lethrinus atkinsoni, the Pacific yellowtail emperor,, Atkinson's emperor, reticulated emperor, tricky snapper, Tuamotu emperor, yellow morwong or yellow-tailed emperor is a species of marine ray-finned fish benomging to the family Lethrinidae, the emperor breams and emperors. This fish is found in the Western Pacific Ocean.

<i>Lethrinus harak</i> Species of fish

Lethrinus harak, the thumbprint emperorblackblotch emperor or blackspot emperor, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the Family Lethrinidae. the emperors and emperor breams. This species is found in the Indo-Pacific region.

<i>Lethrinus lentjan</i> Species of fish

Lethrinus lentjan, the pink ear emperor, redspot emperor, purple ear emperor or purple-headed emperor, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Lethrinidae, the emperors and emperor breams. This fish is found in the Indo-Pacific region.

<i>Lethrinus mahsena</i> Species of fish

Lethrinus mahsena, common names the sky emperor, mahsena emperor, and cutthroat emperor, is a species of emperor fish. It grows to 65 cm (26 in) in length, but is commonly found at between 35 and 45 cm. This fish may be yellow to greenish-blue or olive-grey, becoming paler toward the belly. It is a non-migratory, reef-associated fish that has a high commercial value.

<i>Lethrinus microdon</i> Species of fish

Lethrinus microdon, the smalltooth emperor, longface emperor or pigface bream, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Lethrinidae, the emperors and emperor breams. This species has a widespread distribution in the Indo-Pacific.

<i>Lethrinus nebulosus</i> Species of fish

Lethrinus nebulosus, the spangled emperor, green snapper, morwong, north-west snapper, sand bream, sand snapper, sixteen-pounder, sharie, sheri and yellow sweetlip, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Lethrinidae, the emperors and emperor breams. This species is found the Indo-West Pacific region.

Lethrinus longirostrus is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Lethrinidae, the emperors and emperor breams. This species is found in the Indo-Pacific region.

<i>Lethrinus atlanticus</i> Species of fish

Lethrinus atlanticus, the Atlantic emperor, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Lethrinidae, the emperors and emperor breams. This species is found in the eastern Atlantic Ocean off the coast of western Africa.

<i>Gymnocranius grandoculis</i> Species of fish

Gymnocranius grandoculis, the blue-lined large-eye bream, iodine bream, Maori sea bream or Robinson's sea bream, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Lethrinidae, the emeprors and emperor breams. This fish has a wide Indo-Pacific distribution.

<i>Lethrinus crocineus</i> Species of marine fish

Lethrinus crocineus, the yellowtail emperor, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Lethrinidae, the emperors and emperor breams. This fish is found in the Indian Ocean.

<i>Lethrinus variegatus</i> Species of marine fish

Lethrinus variegatus, the slender emperor or variegated emperor, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Lethrinidae, the emperors and emperor breams. This fish has a wide Indo-Pacific distribution.

<i>Lethrinus amboinensis</i> Species of fish

Lethrinus amboinensis, the Ambon emperor, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Lethrinidae, the emperors and emperor breams. This species is found in the Western Pacific Ocean.

<i>Lethrinus borbonicus</i> Species of fish

Lethrinus borbonicus, the snubnose emperor, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Lethrinidae, the emperor breams and emperors. This species is found in the Western Indian Ocean and is of some importance to commercial fisheries in that region.

References

  1. ↑ Carpenter, K.E.; Lawrence, A.; Myers, R. (2016). "Lethrinus erythracanthus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016: e.T16719994A16722335. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T16719994A16722335.en . Retrieved 9 December 2023.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Lethrinus erythracanthus". FishBase . October 2023 version.
  3. ↑ Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Species in the genus Lethrinus". Catalog of Fishes . California Academy of Sciences . Retrieved 9 December 2023.
  4. ↑ Nelson, J.S.; Grande, T.C.; Wilson, M.V.H. (2016). Fishes of the World (5th ed.). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons. pp. 502–506. doi:10.1002/9781119174844. ISBN   978-1-118-34233-6. LCCN   2015037522. OCLC   951899884. OL   25909650M.
  5. ↑ "Order SPARIFORMES: Families LETHRINIDAE, NEMIPTERIDAE and SPARIDAE". The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database. Christopher Scharpf. 17 October 2022. Archived from the original on 30 October 2023. Retrieved 9 December 2023.
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 "Yellow-spotted emperor". Daff.qld.gov.au. 2011-11-24. Retrieved 2014-06-01.
  7. ↑ "Cook Islands Biodiversity : Lethrinus erythracanthus - Orangefin Emperor". Cookislands.bishopmuseum.org. Retrieved 2014-06-01.
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