List of Australian and Antarctic dinosaurs

Globe showing Australia and Antarctica, approx 100 Mya

This is a list of dinosaurs whose remains have been recovered from Australia or Antarctica.

Criteria for inclusion

• The genus must appear on the List of dinosaur genera.
• At least one named species of the creature must have been found in Australia or Antarctica.
• This list is a complement to Category:Dinosaurs of Australia and Category:Dinosaurs of Antarctica.

List of Australian and Antarctic dinosaurs

Valid genera

Name	Year	Formation	Location	Notes	Images
Antarctopelta	2006	Snow Hill Island Formation (Late Cretaceous, Maastrichtian)	Antarctica	Possessed unusual caudal vertebrae that may have supported a "macuahuitl" as in Stegouros [1]
Atlascopcosaurus	1989	Eumeralla Formation (Early Cretaceous, Aptian to Albian)	Australia	Only known from remains of jaws and teeth
Australotitan	2021	Winton Formation (Late Cretaceous, Cenomanian to Turonian)	Australia	The largest dinosaur known from Australia, comparable in size to large South American dinosaurs. Potentially a synonym of the contemporary Diamantinasaurus [2]
Australovenator	2009	Winton Formation (Late Cretaceous, Cenomanian)	Australia	Analysis of its arms suggests it was well-adapted to grasping [3]
Austrosaurus	1933	Allaru Formation (Early Cretaceous, Albian)	Australia	Its holotype was found associated with marine shells
Cryolophosaurus	1994	Hanson Formation (Early Jurassic, Pliensbachian)	Antarctica ( Ross Dependency)	Had a distinctive "pompadour" crest that spanned the head from side to side
Diamantinasaurus	2009	Winton Formation (Late Cretaceous, Cenomanian)	Australia	May have been closely related to South American titanosaurs, suggesting they dispersed to Australia via Antarctica [4]
Diluvicursor	2018	Eumeralla Formation (Early Cretaceous, Albian)	Australia	Lived in a prehistoric floodplain close to a high energy river
Fostoria	2019	Griman Creek Formation (Late Cretaceous, Cenomanian)	Australia	Four individuals have been found in association
Fulgurotherium	1932	Griman Creek Formation (Late Cretaceous, Cenomanian)	Australia	Fragmentary, but may have been an elasmarian [5]
Galleonosaurus	2019	Wonthaggi Formation (Early Cretaceous, Barremian)	Australia	Its upper jaw bone resembles a galleon when turned upside down
Glacialisaurus	2007	Hanson Formation (Early Jurassic, Pliensbachian)	Antarctica ( Ross Dependency)	Basal yet survived late enough to coexist with true sauropods [6]
Imperobator	2019	Snow Hill Island Formation (Late Cretaceous, Maastrichtian)	Antarctica	Initially described as a basal paravian although it may potentially be an unenlagiine [7]
Kakuru	1980	Bulldog Shale (Early Cretaceous, Aptian)	Australia	Poorly known
Kunbarrasaurus	2015	Allaru Formation, Toolebuc Formation (Early Cretaceous, Albian)	Australia	Preserves stomach contents containing ferns, fruit and seeds [8]
Leaellynasaura	1989	Eumeralla Formation (Early Cretaceous, Aptian to Albian)	Australia	One referred specimen has an extremely long tail. If it does belong to this genus, it would be three times as long as the rest of the body
Minmi	1980	Bungil Formation (Early Cretaceous, Aptian)	Australia	Had long legs for an ankylosaur, possibly to help it run into bushes for protection [9]
Morrosaurus	2016	Snow Hill Island Formation (Late Cretaceous, Maastrichtian)	Antarctica	Closely related to Australian and South American ornithopods [5]
Muttaburrasaurus	1981	Allaru Formation?, Mackunda Formation (Early Cretaceous, Albian)	Australia	Possessed a short oval bump on its snout
Ozraptor	1998	Colalura Sandstone (Middle Jurassic, Bajocian)	Australia	Potentially the oldest known abelisauroid [10]
Qantassaurus	1999	Wonthaggi Formation (Early Cretaceous, Barremian)	Australia	Distinguished from other contemporary ornithopods by its relatively short dentary
Rapator	1932	Griman Creek Formation (Late Cretaceous, Cenomanian)	Australia	Known from only a metacarpal
Rhoetosaurus	1926	Walloon Coal Measures (Late Jurassic, Oxfordian)	Australia	Retains four claws on its hind feet, a basal trait
Savannasaurus	2016	Winton Formation (Late Cretaceous, Cenomanian to Turonian)	Australia	May have spent more time near water than other sauropods [11]
Serendipaceratops	2003	Wonthaggi Formation (Early Cretaceous, Aptian)	Australia	Possessed a robust ulna similar to that of ceratopsians and ankylosaurs, but was likely a member of the latter group [12]
Timimus	1993	Eumeralla Formation (Early Cretaceous, Albian)	Australia	Potentially a tyrannosauroid. [13] If so, it would be one of the few Gondwanan members of that group
Trinisaura	2013	Snow Hill Island Formation (Late Cretaceous, Campanian)	Antarctica	The first ornithopod named from Antarctica
Weewarrasaurus	2018	Griman Creek Formation (Late Cretaceous, Cenomanian)	Australia	Unusually, its fossils were preserved in opal
Wintonotitan	2009	Winton Formation (Late Cretaceous, Cenomanian)	Australia	More gracile than other contemporary titanosaurs

Invalid and potentially valid genera

• 
  "Allosaurus robustus"
• 
  Walgettosuchus

• Agrosaurus macgillivrayi : Although originally reported as being from Australia, it may actually be from Europe, possibly being synonymous with Thecodontosaurus .
• "Allosaurus robustus": Originally described as a new species of Allosaurus , but may actually represent a megaraptoran or abelisauroid.
• "Biscoveosaurus": Said to be a large ornithopod contemporary with Morrosaurus .
• Walgettosuchus woodwardi : It has been considered synonymous with Rapator , but too little is known of both genera to be certain.

Timeline

This is a timeline of selected dinosaurs from the list above. Time is measured in Ma, megaannum, along the x-axis.

See also

• List of birds of Australia
• List of birds of Antarctica

References

1. Soto-Acuña, Sergio; Vargas, Alexander O.; Kaluza, Jonatan; Leppe, Marcelo A.; Botelho, Joao F.; Palma-Liberona, José; Simon-Gutstein, Carolina; Fernández, Roy A.; Ortiz, Héctor; Milla, Verónica; Aravena, Bárbara; Manríquez, Leslie M. E.; Alarcón-Muñoz, Jhonatan; Pino, Juan Pablo; Trevisan, Cristine; Mansilla, Héctor; Hinojosa, Luis Felipe; Muñoz-Walther, Vicente; Rubilar-Rogers, David (9 December 2021). "Bizarre tail weaponry in a transitional ankylosaur from subantarctic Chile". Nature. 600 (7888): 259–263. doi:10.1038/s41586-021-04147-1. PMID   34853468. S2CID   244799975.
2. Beeston, S. L.; Poropat, S. F.; Mannion, P. D.; Pentland, A. H.; Enchelmaier, M. J.; Sloan, T.; Elliott, D. A. (2024). "Reappraisal of sauropod dinosaur diversity in the Upper Cretaceous Winton Formation of Queensland, Australia, through 3D digitisation and description of new specimens". PeerJ . 12. e17180. doi: 10.7717/peerj.17180 . PMC   11011616 .
3. White, Matt A.; Bell, Phil R.; Cook, Alex G.; Barnes, David G.; Tischler, Travis R.; Bassam, Brant J.; Elliott, David A. (14 September 2015). "Forearm Range of Motion in Australovenator wintonensis (Theropoda, Megaraptoridae)". PLOS ONE. 10 (9): e0137709. Bibcode:2015PLoSO..1037709W. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0137709 . ISSN   1932-6203. PMC   4569425 . PMID   26368529.
4. Poropat, Stephen F; Kundrát, Martin; Mannion, Philip D; Upchurch, Paul; Tischler, Travis R; Elliott, David A (20 January 2021). "Second specimen of the Late Cretaceous Australian sauropod dinosaur Diamantinasaurus matildae provides new anatomical information on the skull and neck of early titanosaurs". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 192 (2): 610–674. doi: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaa173 . ISSN   0024-4082.
5. Rozadilla, Sebastián; Agnolín, Federico Lisandro; Novas, Fernando Emilio (17 December 2019). "Osteology of the Patagonian ornithopod Talenkauen santacrucensis (Dinosauria, Ornithischia)". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 17 (24): 2043–2089. doi:10.1080/14772019.2019.1582562. ISSN   1477-2019. S2CID   155344014.
6. Smith, N.D.; Makovicky, P.J.; Pol, D.; Hammer, W.R. & Currie, P.J. (2007). "The Dinosaurs of the Early Jurassic Hanson Formation of the Central Transantarctic Mountains: Phylogenetic Review and Synthesis" (PDF). U.S. Geological Survey and the National Academies. 2007 (1047srp003): 5 pp. doi:10.3133/of2007-1047.srp003.
7. Motta, M. J.; Agnolín, F. L.; Brissón Egli, F.; Novas, F. E. (2024). "Unenlagiid affinities for Imperobator antarcticus (Paraves: Theropoda): paleobiogeographical implications". Ameghiniana. doi:10.5710/AMGH.13.11.2024.3604.
8. Molnar, Ralph E.; Clifford, H. Trevor (2001). "An ankylosaurian cololite from Queensland, Australia". In Carpenter, Kenneth (ed.). The Armored Dinosaurs. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press. pp. 399–412. ISBN   0-253-33964-2.
9. Paul, Gregory S. (2010). The Princeton Field Guide to Dinosaurs. United States: Princeton University Press. pp. 226–228. ISBN   978-0-691-13720-9.
10. Rauhut, O.W.M. (2005). "Post-cranial remains of ‘coelurosaurs’ (Dinosauria, Theropoda) from the Late Jurassic of Tanzania". Geological Magazine 142 (1): 97–107
11. Poropat, S.F.; Mannion, P.D.; Upchurch, P.; Tischler, T.R.; Sloan, T.; Sinapius, G.H.K.; Elliott, J.A.; Elliott, D.A. (2020). "Osteology of the Wide-Hipped Titanosaurian Sauropod Dinosaur Savannasaurus elliottorum from the Upper Cretaceous Winton Formation of Queensland, Australia". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 40 (3): e1786836. doi:10.1080/02724634.2020.1786836. S2CID   224850234.
12. Rozadilla, Sebastián; Agnolín, Federico; Manabe, Makoto; Tsuihiji, Takanobu; Novas, Fernando E. (1 September 2021). "Ornithischian remains from the Chorrillo Formation (Upper Cretaceous), southern Patagonia, Argentina, and their implications on ornithischian paleobiogeography in the Southern Hemisphere". Cretaceous Research. 125: 104881. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2021.104881. ISSN   0195-6671.
13. Rafael Delcourt; Orlando Nelson Grillo (2018). "Tyrannosauroids from the Southern Hemisphere: Implications for biogeography, evolution, and taxonomy". Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. in press. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2018.09.003.