This is a complete list of members of the United States Senate during the 56th United States Congress listed by seniority, from March 4, 1899, to March 3, 1901.
Order of service is based on the commencement of the senator's first term. Behind this is former service as a senator (only giving the senator seniority within his or her new incoming class), service as vice president, a House member, a cabinet secretary, or a governor of a state. The final factor is the population of the senator's state. [1] [2] [3] [4]
Senators who were sworn in during the middle of the Congress (up until the last senator who was not sworn in early after winning the November 1900 election) are listed at the end of the list with no number.
| Class | Terms of service of senators that expired in years |
|---|---|
| Class 2 | Terms of service of senators that expired in 1901 (AL, AR, CO, DE, GA, IA, ID, IL, KS, KY, LA, MA, ME, MI, MN, MS, MT, NC, NE, NH, NJ, OR, RI, SC, SD, TN, TX, VA, WV, and WY.) [5] |
| Class 3 | Terms of service of senators that expired in 1903 (AL, AR, CA, CO, CT, FL, GA, IA, ID, IL, IN, KS, KY, LA, MD, MO, NC, ND, NH, NV, NY, OH, OR, PA, SC, SD, UT, VT, WA, and WI.) [6] |
| Class 1 | Terms of service of senators that expired in 1905 (CA, CT, DE, FL, IN, MA, MD, ME, MI, MN, MO, MS, MT, ND, NE, NJ, NV, NY, OH, PA, RI, TN, TX, UT, VA, VT, WA, WI, WV, and WY.) [7] |
| Rank | Senator (party-state) | Seniority date | Other factors |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | William B. Allison (R-IA) | March 4, 1873 | Former representative |
| 2 | John P. Jones (R-NV) | ||
| 3 | Francis Cockrell (D-MO) | March 4, 1875 | |
| 4 | George F. Hoar (R-MA) | March 4, 1877 | Former representative |
| 5 | John Tyler Morgan (D-AL) | ||
| 6 | George G. Vest (D-MO) | March 4, 1879 | Missouri 5th in population (1870) |
| 7 | Orville H. Platt (R-CT) | Connecticut 25th in population (1870) | |
| 8 | Eugene Hale (R-ME) | March 4, 1881 | Former representative (10 years) |
| 9 | Joseph Hawley (R-CT) | Former representative (5 years) | |
| 10 | William P. Frye (R-ME) | March 18, 1881 | Former representative |
| 11 | Nelson Aldrich (R-RI) | October 5, 1881 | |
| 12 | Shelby Moore Cullom (R-IL) | March 4, 1883 | |
| 13 | Henry M. Teller (D-CO) | March 4, 1885 | Previously a senator |
| 14 | James K. Jones (D-AR) | ||
| 15 | James H. Berry (D-AR) | March 20, 1885 | |
| 16 | William M. Stewart (R-NV) | March 4, 1887 | Previously a senator |
| 17 | John W. Daniel (D-VA) | Former representative | |
| 18 | William B. Bate (D-TN) | Former governor, Tennessee 12th in population (1880) | |
| 19 | Cushman Davis (R-MN) [8] | Former governor, Minnesota 26th in population (1880) | |
| 20 | Samuel Pasco (D-FL) [9] | May 19, 1887 | |
| 21 | James McMillan (R-MI) | March 4, 1889 | Michigan 9th in population (1880) |
| 22 | Edward O. Wolcott (R-CO) [10] | Colorado 35th in population (1880) | |
| 23 | William E. Chandler (R-NH) [10] | June 18, 1889 | |
| 24 | Richard F. Pettigrew (SR-SD) [10] | November 2, 1889 | Former delegate |
| 25 | George L. Shoup (R-ID) [10] | December 18, 1890 | Former governor |
| 26 | Jacob H. Gallinger (R-NH) | March 4, 1891 | Former representative (4 years) |
| 27 | Henry C. Hansbrough (R-ND) | Former representative (2 years) | |
| 28 | James H. Kyle (R-SD) | ||
| 29 | Redfield Proctor (R-VT) | November 2, 1891 | Former governor |
| 30 | Donelson Caffery (D-LA) [10] | December 31, 1892 | |
| 31 | William Lindsay (D-KY) [10] | February 15, 1893 | |
| 32 | Henry Cabot Lodge (R-MA) | March 4, 1893 | Former representative |
| 33 | George C. Perkins (R-CA) | July 26, 1893 | Former governor |
| 34 | Julius C. Burrows (R-MI) | January 23, 1895 | Former representative (3 times) |
| 35 | Clarence D. Clark (R-WY) | January 24, 1895 | Former representative |
| 36 | Jeter C. Pritchard (R-NC) | ||
| 37 | William J. Sewell (R-NJ) | March 4, 1895 | Previously a senator (6 years) |
| 38 | Francis E. Warren (R-WY) | Previously a senator (3 years) | |
| 39 | Horace Chilton (D-TX) [10] | Previously a senator (2 years) | |
| 40 | Thomas Carter (R-MT) | Former delegate, former representative | |
| 41 | Stephen Elkins (R-WV) | Former delegate, former cabinet member | |
| 42 | John H. Gear (R-IA) [10] | Former governor, Iowa 10th in population (1890) | |
| 43 | Knute Nelson (R-MN) | Former governor, Minnesota 20th in population (1890) | |
| 44 | Benjamin Tillman (D-SC) | Former governor, South Carolina 23rd in population (1890) | |
| 45 | George P. Wetmore (R-RI) | Former governor, Rhode Island 36th in population (1890) | |
| 46 | Augustus O. Bacon (D-GA) | Georgia 12th in population (1890) | |
| 47 | Thomas S. Martin (D-VA) | Virginia 15th in population (1890) | |
| 48 | Marion Butler (PP-NC) [10] | North Carolina 16th in population (1890) | |
| 49 | Lucien Baker (R-KS) [10] | Kansas 19th in population (1890) | |
| 50 | John M. Thurston (R-NE) [10] | Nebraska 26th in population (1890) | |
| 51 | George McBride (R-OR) [10] | Oregon 38th in population (1890) | |
| 52 | Richard Kenney (D-DE) [10] | January 19, 1897 | |
| 53 | John C. Spooner (R-WI) | March 4, 1897 | Previously a senator (6 years) |
| 54 | Thomas C. Platt (R-NY) | Previously a senator (2 months) | |
| 55 | William E. Mason (R-IL) | Former representative (4 years) | |
| 56 | William A. Harris (PP-KS) | Former representative (2 years), Kansas 19th in population (1890) | |
| 57 | George L. Wellington (R-MD) | Former representative (2 years), Maryland 27th in population (1890) | |
| 58 | Joseph Rawlins (D-UT) | Former delegate | |
| 59 | Joseph Foraker (R-OH) | Former governor, Ohio 4th in population (1890) | |
| 60 | Samuel McEnery (D-LA) | Former governor, Louisiana 25th in population (1890) | |
| 61 | Boies Penrose (R-PA) | Pennsylvania 2nd in population (1890) | |
| 62 | Charles W. Fairbanks (R-IN) | Indiana 8th in population (1890) | |
| 63 | William Deboe (R-KY) | Kentucky 11th in population (1890) | |
| 64 | Alexander Clay (D-GA) | Georgia 12th in population (1890) | |
| 65 | Edmund Pettus (D-AL) | Alabama 17th in population (1890) | |
| 66 | George Turner (SR-WA) | Washington 34th in population (1890) | |
| 67 | Henry Heitfeld (PP-ID) | Idaho 43rd in population (1890) | |
| 68 | Mark Hanna (R-OH) | March 6, 1897 | |
| 69 | Stephen Mallory (D-FL) | May 15, 1897 | |
| 70 | John L. McLaurin (D-SC) | June 1, 1897 | |
| 71 | Thomas B. Turley (D-TN) [10] | July 20, 1897 | |
| 72 | Hernando Money (D-MS) | October 8, 1897 | |
| 73 | William V. Sullivan (D-MS) [10] | May 31, 1898 | |
| 74 | Joseph Simon (R-OR) | October 8, 1898 | |
| 75 | Jonathan Ross (R-VT) [11] | January 11, 1899 | |
| 76 | Louis McComas (R-MD) | March 4, 1899 | Former representative (8 years) |
| 77 | John Kean (R-NJ) | Former representative (4 years) | |
| 78 | Charles A. Culberson (D-TX) | Former governor | |
| 79 | Chauncey Depew (R-NY) | New York 1st in population (1890) | |
| 80 | Albert J. Beveridge (R-IN) | Indiana 8th in population (1890) | |
| 81 | Joseph Quarles (R-WI) | Wisconsin 14th in population (1890) | |
| 82 | Nathan B. Scott (R-WV) | West Virginia 28th in population (1890) | |
| 83 | Addison Foster (R-WA) | Washington 34th in population (1890) | |
| 84 | Porter McCumber (R-ND) | North Dakota 41st in population (1890) | |
| 85 | William A. Clark (D-MT) | Montana 44th in population (1890) | |
| 86 | Monroe Hayward (R-NE) [12] | March 8, 1899 | |
| 87 | James Taliaferro (D-FL) | April 20, 1899 | |
| William V. Allen (PP-NE) | December 13, 1899 | ||
| 88 | Thomas R. Bard (R-CA) | February 7, 1900 | |
| Jonathan P. Dolliver (R-IA) | August 22, 1900 | Former representative | |
| William P. Dillingham (R-VT) | October 18, 1900 | ||
| Charles A. Towne (R-MN) | December 5, 1900 | Former representative | |
| 89 | Matthew Quay (R-PA) | January 16, 1901 | Previously a senator |
| Moses Clapp (R-MN) | January 23, 1901 | Minnesota 20th in population (1890) | |
| 90 | Thomas Kearns (R-UT) | Utah 40th in population (1890) | |