This is a list of notable buildings in the city of Cusco, Peru. The city of Cusco is a World Heritage Site by UNESCO. The list is ordered by the groundbreaking date of each building.
This is a list of notable buildings in the city of Cusco, Peru. The city of Cusco is a World Heritage Site by UNESCO. The list is ordered by the groundbreaking date of each building.
They are listed with its names in the modern Quechua orthography.
| Name | Image | Built | Civilization who built it | Source | Location | ID |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Much of the Colonial constructions used the city's Inca constructions in the walls as a base. |  | Most in the 15th century. The pre-columbian re-design of the city is the work of Sapa Inca Pachakutiq | Inca architecture | [1] | Cusco | |
| Saqsaywaman |  | 1100-early 16th century | Killke culture, Inca architecture | [2] [3] [4] | Two kilometers north of Cusco | |
| Remains of the Qurikancha (temple of Inti -god Sun-) |  | It was started to be built by the Ayarmacas (around 13th-14th centuries), remodelled by Sapa Inca Pachakutiq (15th century) | Inca architecture | [5] | Calle Arraniyoq | CUS-046 |
| Base of the Muyuq Marka Tower (actually a temple of Inti -god Sun-) |  | It is part of the set of Saqsaywaman (idem) | Inca architecture | [6] [7] | Two kilometers north of Cusco | |
| Palace of Colcampata |  | it is the oldest place in the neighborhoods of Cuzco, where the primitive settlers lived. And very possibly it was also the place where Manco Cápac built his first palace or residence. | Inca architecture | [8] | the skirts of the sanctuary of Sacsayhuamán |
The list is incomplete.
| Name | Image | Built | Architectural style | Architect(s) | Belonged to the religious order | Source | Location | ID |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Templo del Triunfo |  | 1539-1664 | Renaissance | [9] | Plaza de Armas (city's main square) | CUS-047 | ||
| Church of San Blas |  | 1544-1563 (its interior decor was built in the late 17th century) | (its extensively carved cedar pulpit is Churrigueresque) | [10] [11] | Plazoleta de San Blas | CUS-037 | ||
| Ruins of the Convent of San Agustín |  | 1556-1645 | Order of Saint Augustine | [10] [11] | Corner of Ruinas, San Agustín and Santa Mónica streets. No. 140, Mz. 15. | CUS-079 | ||
| Cusco Cathedral |  | 1560-1654 | Renaissance (exterior), Plateresque Gothic, Baroque (interior) | Spanish Juan Miguel de Veramendi, criollo Juan Correa, Spanish Miguel Gutiérrez Sencio | [9] | Plaza de Armas (city's main square) | CUS-028 | |
| Church of San Sebastián |  | 1572-1799 | Baroque (in 2016 a fire inside destroyed the altar, many sculptures, exceptional large paintings and diptychs, but not the most, which was saved) | [12] [13] | San Sebastián District | CUS-088 | ||
| Church of la Compañía de Jesús |  | 1576-1668 | Andean Baroque | Flemish Jean-Baptiste Gilles, Diego Martínez de Oviedo (criollo) | Society of Jesus | [14] [15] | Plaza de Armas (city's main square) | CUS-030 |
| Monastery of Santa Clara |  | 1603-1650 | Renaissance, Baroque | A Greek friar, his hispanized name was "Manuel Pablo" | Franciscan Poor Clare Missionary Sisters of the Blessed Sacrament | [16] [17] | Calle Santa Clara | CUS-043 |
| Church of San Francisco de Asís |  | 1645-1652 | Romanesque, Plateresque (most of its interior is original although there are also some interior reconstructed areas). | Franciscans | [18] [9] [19] | Plaza de San Francisco | CUS-039 | |
| Monastery of Santa Catalina de Siena |  | 1651-1669 | Dominican Nuns Order | [20] | Calle Santa Catalina Angosta | CUS-042 | ||
| Basilica of La Merced |  | 1651-1696 | Baroque, Renaissance (exterior), Baroque, Neoclassical (interior) | Order of the Blessed Virgin Mary of Mercy | [21] [22] | Plazoleta Espinar, Calle Mantas 121 | CUS-033 | |
| Church of San Cristóbal |  | second half of 17th century | Mannerism | Marcos Uscamayta (an inca indigenous) | [23] | Calle Don Bosco at the west end of the Plaza del Colcampata on the Sacsayhuamán Hill | CUS-038 | |
| Monastery of San José y Santa Teresa |  | 1673-1676 | Baroque | Diego Martínez de Oviedo (criollo) | Discalced Carmelites | [9] [24] | Two blocks from the Plaza de Armas at the intersection of Siete Cuartones and Saphy streets. | CUS-044 |
| Church and Seminary of Saint Anthony the Abbot |  | 1678-1692 (church) | Andean Baroque | [25] [26] | Plazoleta de las Nazarenas | CUS-036 | ||
| Convent of Santo Domingo |  | 1680-early 18th century | Baroque | several | Dominican Order | [9] [27] | Calle Arraniyoq | CUS-046 |
| Church of la Almudena |  | 1683-1689 | Baroque | Juan Tomás Tuyru Túpac (an inca indigenous) | Order of the Brothers of Bethlehem | [28] | Plazoleta de Almudena, Santiago | CUS-027 |
| Church of San Pedro |  | 1688-1699 | Andean Baroque, Renaissance | Juan Tomas Tuyro Túpac (an inca indigenous) | [29] [9] | Calle Cascaparo | CUS-040 | |
| Templo de la Sagrada Familia |  | 1723-1735 | Renaissance | Spanish Francisco Becerra | [30] | CUS-031 | ||
| Central Chapel of Santo Roma |  | 1802 | Baroque (It is today used as the La Almudena cemetery room incinerator.) | Bishop Bartolomé María de las Heras | [31] [32] | La Almudena General Cemetery | CUS-023 |
| Name | Image | Built | Architectural style | Architect(s) | Source | Location | ID |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Balconies of Cusco |  | 16th-19th centuries | Mudéjar, Baroque | [33] | Cusco | ||
| House of Inca Garcilaso de la Vega (also today it is the Museo Histórico Regional del Cusco) |  | late 16th century | Andalusian architecture, Colonial Peruvian architecture, Inca architecture (the first floor of the front facade was remodelled in 1953 adding the arcades) | [34] [35] | Calle Heladeros corner with calle Garcilaso | CUS-061 | |
| Archbishop's Palace of Cusco (now it is the Museo de Arte Religioso) |  | completed in the second half of the 17th century (and it was strongly decorated in the mid-20th century with ornates from other colonial buildings when the palace became the archbishop's palace) | Colonial Peruvian architecture, Inca architecture, Pre-Inca architecture | [36] | Calle Hatun Rumiyoq | CUS-053 | |
| Hospital of la Almudena |  | 1689-late 18th century | Baroque (It was managed by the Order of the Brothers of Bethlehem) | [36] | Plazoleta de la Almudena, Santiago District | CUS-027 | |
| Hospital and Convent of San Juan de Dios |  | 1615-1617 | Renaissance (It was managed by the Brothers Hospitallers of Saint John of God) | [37] | Calle Teatro, Calle Nueva | CUS-052 |
| Name | Image | Built | Architectural style | Architect(s) | Source | Location | ID |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| La Almudena General Cemetery |  | 1846-1850 | Baroque, Neoclassical | [38] [31] | Plazoleta de la Almudena, Santiago | CUS-023 |
Cusco or Cuzco is a city in southeastern Peru near the Urubamba Valley of the Andes mountain range. It is the capital of the Cusco Region and of the Cusco Province. The city is the seventh most populous in Peru; in 2017, it had a population of 428,450. Its elevation is around 3,400 m (11,200 ft).
Inca Garcilaso de la Vega, born Gómez Suárez de Figueroa and known as El Inca, was a chronicler and writer born in the Viceroyalty of Peru. Sailing to Spain at 21, he was educated informally there, where he lived and worked the rest of his life. The natural son of a Spanish conquistador and an Inca noblewoman born in the early years of the conquest, he is known primarily for his chronicles of Inca history, culture, and society. His work was widely read in Europe, influential and well received. It was the first literature by an author born in the Americas to enter the western canon.
A chasqui was a messenger of the Inca empire. Agile, highly trained and physically fit, they were in charge of carrying messages –in the form of quipus or oral information– and small packets. Along the Inca road system there were relay stations called chaskiwasi, placed at about 2.5 kilometres (1.6 mi) from each other, where the chasqui switched, exchanging their message(s) with the fresh messenger. The chasqui system could be able to deliver a message or a gift along a distance of up to 300 kilometres (190 mi) per day.
The Incas were most notable for establishing the Inca Empire which was centered in modern day South America in Peru and Chile. It was about 2,500 miles from the northern to southern tip. The Inca Empire lasted from 1438 to 1533. It was the largest Empire in America throughout the Pre-Columbian era. At the peak of the Inca Empire, it was the largest nation in the world and to this day is the largest native state in the western hemisphere. The Inca civilization was located from north to south of the western hemisphere of South America. The Inca state was known as the Kingdom of Cuzco before 1438. Over the course of the Inca Empire, the Inca used conquest and peaceful assimilation to incorporate the territory of modern-day Peru, followed by a large portion of western South America, into their empire, centered on the Andean mountain range. However, shortly after the Inca Civil War, the last Sapa Inca (emperor) of the Inca Empire was captured and killed on the orders of the conquistador Francisco Pizarro, marking the beginning of Spanish rule. The remnants of the empire retreated to the remote jungles of Vilcabamba and established the small Neo-Inca State, which was conquered by the Spanish in 1572.
Pedro de Candia was a Greek explorer and cartographer at the service of the Kingdom of Spain, an officer of the Royal Spanish Navy that under the Spanish Crown became a Conquistador, Grandee of Spain, Commander of the Royal Spanish Fleet of the Southern Sea, Colonial Ordinance of Cusco, and then Mayor of Lima between 1534 and 1535. Specialized in the use of firearms and artillery, he was one of the earliest explorers of Panama and the Pacific coastline of Colombia, and finally participated in the conquest of Peru. He was killed in the Battle of Chupas, (Peru), on 16 September 1542, by Diego de Almagro II.
Basilio Pacheco de Santa Cruz Pumacallao (1635–1710) or Basilio de Santa Cruz Puma Callao was a Peruvian painter of Quechua (Inca) and Ladino origin from Cusco, Peru. He was part of the Cuzco School, a colonial movement of indigenous painters educated in the Baroque religious painting tradition of Spain.
Severo Aparicio Quispe, O. de M., was a Peruvian friar of the Mercedarian Order who was made a bishop of the Catholic Church. He wrote a number of works on the history of the Catholic Church and of his Order in Peru.
Muyuq Marka, also Muyuqmarka, is an archaeological site in Peru. It is the base of what was a round Incan tower, which is situated within the fortress Saksaywaman above Cuzco. It was used as a Temple of Inti, but became part of a complex of rectangular buildings which mostly still remain today. However, the temple and the two flanking towers were dismantled during the Spanish rule. What remains of Muyuq Marka indicates that it was "a round building with an open central court which had a fountain." The temple had triple walls, which were aligned with the zenith sunrise and the antizenith sunset.
The Iglesia de la Compañía de Jesús is a historic Jesuit church in Cusco, the ancient capital of the Inca Empire, in Cusco Region, Peru. It is situated in the Plaza de Armas de Cusco, the city center. It is built on an Inca palace. It is one of the best examples of Spanish Baroque architecture in Peru. The architecture of this building exerted a great influence on the development of many Baroque architecture in the South Andes. Its construction began in 1576, but it was badly damaged in an earthquake in 1650. The rebuilt church was completed in 1673.
The history of Cusco (Peru), the historical capital of the Incas.
The Templo de la Sagrada Familia also called Templo de Jesús, María y José, is a Renaissance church located in the city of Cusco, Cusco Region, Peru. This building was designed by Francisco Becerra.
The Basilica of La Merced, also known as Convent of La Merced, is a minor basilica located in the city of Cusco, Peru. It is located 100 meters southwest of the Plaza de Armas in front of the Plazoleta Espinar. It belongs to the Order of the Blessed Virgin Mary of Mercy and has, annexes, both the convent and the premises of La Merced College. The church has a three-nave basilica plan covered with brick vaults and dome on the crossing, with Baroque altars on its lateral naves and Neoclassical style on the main altar. It also has a tower with Baroque bell tower topped with a semicircular dome. Highlights its portal-side reredos and the Renaissance portal of the muro de pies, the choir stalls, its colonial paintings and polychrome wood carvings. Inside rest the remains of Diego de Almagro, Diego de Almagro II and Gonzalo Pizarro.
The Convent of Santo Domingo is a convent of the Dominican Order in the city of Cusco, Peru. Spanish colonists built it on top of Coricancha, the most important Inca temple of the capital of the people's empire.
The Plaza de Armas of Cusco is located in the city of Cusco, Peru. Located in the historic center of the city is the main public space of the town since before its Spanish foundation in 1534.
The Cementerio General de La Almudena is a cemetery in Santiago District, Cuzco, Peru. It is located in the Plazoleta de la Almudena, where there is also the church and convent of the Bethlehemites. In the 19th century, there was also a mental hospital and a prison in this area. Currently, in addition to the cemetery, in this square are the Hogar Casa Acogida that cares for adolescent women victims of crimes of human trafficking, and the Health Hospital Mental San Juan Pablo II, both administered by the Public Welfare Society of Cusco.
José Gregorio Castro Miranda, O.F.M., was a Roman Catholic prelate who was Bishop of Cuzco from 1910 to 1917. He mainly worked to integrate the local indigenous population to the church's teachings by translating prayers and church music to Quechua.
The Second part of the royal commentary better known as the General history of Peru, is a historical literary work written by Inca Garcilaso de la Vega, the first Peruvian and Spanish mestizo of intellectual renown. It was published in 1617, in Córdoba, Spain, a year after the death of its author, and was dedicated to the Virgin Mary. It is the continuation of the Comentarios reales de los incas, and was published in a crucial period of the history of Peru, which began with the arrival of the Spanish and ended with the execution of the final Inca of Vilcabamba, Túpac Amaru I, in 1572. Aside from the historical motive of the text, the author sought through this second part of his work to praise his Spanish heritage, as he had done with his indigenous heritage in the first part of his work.
The Casa de Pilatos, also known as the Casa Esquivel y Jarava, is a building located in front of the Basilica and Convent of San Francisco in the historic centre of Lima, which currently functions as the de facto headquarters of the Constitutional Court. It was declared Cultural heritage of Peru.
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