List of the oldest schools in the Philippines

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The Royal and Pontifical University of Santo Tomas, established by the Dominican missionaries in 1611 and raised to the rank of a University in 1645 by Pope Innocent X through the petition of Philip IV of Spain, is currently the educational institution with the oldest extant University charter in Asia. UST Main Building from the field.JPG
The Royal and Pontifical University of Santo Tomas, established by the Dominican missionaries in 1611 and raised to the rank of a University in 1645 by Pope Innocent X through the petition of Philip IV of Spain, is currently the educational institution with the oldest extant University charter in Asia.

This is a list of educational institutions in the Philippines arranged according to the dates of their foundation. It comprises the list of the oldest schools in the Philippines sorted in various categories, and gives an overview of the development of education and higher learning in the Philippines. To be included in this list, an institution must satisfy a traditional definition of a formal educational institution at the time of its founding.

Contents

The oldest universities, colleges, vocational schools and the first modern public education system in Asia were created during the Spanish colonial period. The earliest schools were founded by Spanish Catholic missionaries. By the time Spain was replaced by the United States as the colonial power, Filipinos were among the most educated subjects in all of Asia. [3]

Dispute over the oldest school

The title of the oldest in the Philippines have been topic for debate between two educational institutions: the University of Santo Tomas and the University of San Carlos. [4]

The University of Santo Tomas, established in 1611 as the Colegio de Nuestra Señora del Santisimo Rosario, is the oldest university in the Philippines. In 1935 the Commonwealth government of the Philippines through the Historical Research and Markers Committee declared that UST was "oldest university under the American flag." [5] In the 1990s, the Intramuros Administration installed a marker on the original site of the University of Santo Tomas with the recognition that the university is the "oldest university in Asia." [6] In 2011 Pope Benedict XVI recognized UST as "the oldest institution of Catholic higher education in the Far East," [7] while in 2012 the National Historical Commission of the Philippines published an online article recognizing UST as "Asia’s Oldest University". [8]

However, University of San Carlos has opposed this recognition and claims that it is older than the University of Santo Tomas by 16 years by tracing its roots to the Colegio de San Ildefonso (established 1595). [9] In 1995, University of San Carlos celebrated its Quadricentennial (400th Anniversary). [10]

UST as Asia's Oldest University

Numerous scholars and official government bodies have reviewed the case. In 2010, the National Historical Commission of the Philippines installed a bronze marker declaring USC's foundation late in the 18th Century, effectively disproving any direct connection with the Colegio de San Ildefonso. [11] According to Dr. Victor Torres of the De La Salle University, the University of San Carlos' claim dates back to 1948 only when USC was declared a university. [10] Fidel Villarroel from the University of Santo Tomas argued that USC only took over the facility of the former Colegio de San Ildefonso and that there is no 'visible' and 'clear' link between San Carlos and San Ildefonso. [12] Aloysius Cartagenas (a Cebuano), in a paper published by Philippiniana Sacra, stated that the correct foundation year of USC is 1867, and not 1595, [13] while in 2012 the National Historical Commission of the Philippines cemented its previous position when it published an online article recognizing UST as "Asia’s Oldest University. [8]

Oldest educational institutions

Current name/
Latest name before
extinction		Year
founded		Name at time of foundationFounding
order		Location upon foundation/
Last location if extinct		Current
status		Current/Last
affiliations		TypeRef
Colegio de Santa Potenciana 1589Colegio de Santa Potenciana Franciscan Order Intramuros, Manila Defunct Private [14] [15] [16] [17]
Universidad de San Ignacio 1590Colegio de Manila Society of Jesus Intramuros, Manila Defunct Society of Jesus Seminary, Pontifical, Royal, Private [17] [18] [19]
Colegio de San Ildefonso 1595 Colegio de San Ildefonso Society of Jesus Cebu City Defunct Society of Jesus Private [17] [20] [21] [22]
Colegio y Seminario de San José1601Colegio de San Jose Society of Jesus Intramuros, Manila Active Society of Jesus Private [17] [23] [24]
Real y Pontificia Universidad de Santo Tomás de Aquino (University of Santo Tomas, Manila)1611 Colegio de Nuestra Señora de Santisimo Rosario Dominican Order Intramuros, Manila Active Dominican Order Private, Pontifical, Royal [17] [25] [26]
Colegio de San Juan de Letran 1620Colegio de Niños Huerfanos de San Juan de LetranDon Juan Geronimo Guerrero Intramuros, Manila Active Dominican Order Private [17] [27]
Colegio de Huérfanos de Santos Pedro y Pablo1620Colegio de Huérfanos de Santos Pedro y Pablo Dominican Order Intramuros, Manila Defunct Private [17] [27]
Colegio de San Juan de Letran 1620Colegio de San Juan de Letran Dominican Order Intramuros, Manila Active Dominican Order Private [17] [27] [28]
Real Colegio de Santa Isabel (Santa Isabel College, Manila)1632Real Colegio de Santa Isabel Intramuros, Manila Active Daughters of Charity of Saint Vincent de Paul Private [17] [29] [30]
Universidad de San Felipe de Austria 1640Universidad de San Felipe de Austria Audiencia Real de Manila Intramuros, Manila Defunct Public [17] [31]

Oldest educational institutions in continuous operation

Current nameTraces origin toYear
founded		Founding
order		Location upon foundationTypeCurrent
affiliations		Ref
Colegio y Seminario de San JoséColegio de San Jose1601 Society of Jesus Intramuros, Manila Private Jesuit [17] [23] [24]
Real y Pontificia Universidad de Santo Tomás de Aquino (University of Santo Tomás, Manila)Colegio de Nuestra Señora del Santísimo Rosario1611 Dominican Order Intramuros, Manila Private, Pontifical, Royal Dominican Order [17] [25] [26]
Colegio de San Juan de Letran Colegio de San Juan de Letran1620 Dominican Order Intramuros, Manila Private Dominican Order [17] [27] [32] [28]
Real Colegio de Santa Isabel (Santa Isabel College, Manila)Real Colegio de Santa Isabel1632 Intramuros, Manila Private, Royal Daughters of Charity [17] [29] [30]
San Carlos Seminary Real y Conciliar Colegio de San Carlos1702 Archdiocese of Manila Intramuros, Manila Seminary Archdiocese of Manila [17] [20] [21] [22] [33]
Santa Catalina College Beaterio Colegio de Santa Catalina de Siena1706 Dominican Order Intramuros, Manila Private Dominican Order [17] [34] [35] [36] [37] [38]
St. Mary's CollegeColegio del Beaterio1725 Religious of the Virgin Mary Intramuros, Manila Private Religious of the Virgin Mary [17] [29] [30]
Colegio de Santa RosaBeaterio y Casa de Enseñanza1750 Intramuros, Manila Private Daughters of Charity [17] [34] [39] [40] [41]
Seminario Mayor de San Carlos Real Seminario de San Carlos1783 Archdiocese of Cebu Cebu City Seminary Society of the Divine Word [17] [42]
Holy Rosary Minor Seminary Casa de Clerigos1793 Archdiocese of Caceres Naga City Seminary Archdiocese of Caceres [17] [43]
Immaculate Conception School of Theology, ViganSeminario de San Pablo1822 Dominican Order Vigan Seminary Archdiocese of Nueva Segovia [44] [45] [46] [47]
Ateneo de Manila University Escuela Municipal de Manila1859 Society of Jesus Intramuros, Manila Private Jesuit
Saint Vincent Ferrer Seminary Seminario-Colegio de San Vicente Ferrer1869 Archdiocese of Jaro Jaro, Iloilo City Seminary Archdiocese of Jaro [48] [49] [50]

Oldest educational institutions for girls

  Still in operation  Defunct  Established as a School for Girls

Current nameYear
founded		Name at time of foundationFounding
order		Location upon foundationTypeCurrent
affiliations		Ref
Colegio de Santa Potenciana 1589Colegio de Santa Potenciana Franciscan Order Intramuros, Manila Private [14] [15] [16]
Santa Isabel College Manila 1632Real Colegio de Santa Isabel Intramuros, Manila Private Daughters of Charity of St. Vincent de Paul [17] [29] [30]
Santa Catalina College 1706Beaterio Colegio de Santa Catalina de Siena Dominican Order Intramuros, Manila Private Dominican Order [17] [34] [36] [38]
St. Mary's College1725Colegio del Beaterio Religious of the Virgin Mary Intramuros, Manila Private Religious of the Virgin Mary [17] [34] [36] [38]
Colegio de Santa Rosa 1750Beaterio y Casa de Enseñanza Intramuros, Manila Private Daughters of Charity [17] [34] [39] [40] [41]
Universidad de Sta. Isabel 1867Colegio de Santa Isabel Daughters of Charity Naga City Private Daughters of Charity [51] [52] [53] [54]
Concordia College 1868Colegio de la Inmaculada Concepcion de la Concordia Daughters of Charity Manila Private Daughters of Charity [55] [56] [57]
Colegio de la Inmaculada Concepcion 1880Colegio de la Inmaculada ConcepcionHermanitas de la Madre de Dios Cebu City Private Daughters of Charity [58] [59] [60] [61]
La Consolacion College Manila 1902Colegio de Nuestra Señora de la Consolacion Order of Saint Augustine Mendiola, Manila Private, Roman Catholic, Coeducational Order of Saint Augustine [62]
Assumption College San Lorenzo 1904Assumption Convent Religious of the Assumption Manila Private Religious of the Assumption [62]
St. Scholastica's College Manila 1906St. Scholastica's College Manila Order of Saint Benedict Manila Private Order of Saint Benedict [63]
St. Paul University Manila 1912St. Paul University Manila Sisters of St. Paul of Chartres Manila Private Sisters of St. Paul of Chartres
Centro Escolar University [lower-roman 1] 1907Centro Escolar de Señoritas Manila Private, Non-Sectarian [64]
Notes
  1. ↑ Centro Escolar University was established as Centro Escolar de Señoritas by Doña Librada Avelino and Doña Carmen de Luna in 1907 to cater the young women of Manila. The university is still continuously operating, but now as a co-educational institution.

Oldest public educational institutions

  Still in operation  Defunct

Current nameYear
founded		Name at time of foundationLocation upon foundationRef
Universidad de San Felipe de Austria 1640Universidad de San Felipe de Austria Intramuros, Manila [31]
Philippine Merchant Marine Academy 1820Escuela Nautica de Manila Intramuros, Manila [65]
Don Honorio Ventura Technological State University 1861Escuela De Artes y Oficios De Bacolor Pampanga [66]
Baguio Central School1899 Baguio [67]
Baluarte Elementary School1905 Molo, Iloilo City [68]

Educational institutions with the oldest university charters

  Still in operation  Defunct

NameYear of university charterCharter granted byLocation upon foundationTypeRef
Universidad de San Ignacio 1621 Philip IV of Spain Manila Private [18] [19]
Universidad de San Felipe de Austria 1640 Real Audiencia de Manila Intramuros, Manila Public [31]
University of Santo Tomas 1645 Pope Innocent X, Philip IV of Spain Manila Private [25] [26]
Universidad Literaria de Filipinas1898Philippine Revolutionary government Intramuros, Manila Public [69] [70] [71]
University of the Philippines Manila 1908American Civil government Manila Public [72] [73]
University of the Philippines Los Baños 1909American Civil government Los Baños, Laguna Public [72]
University of the Philippines Visayas 1918American Civil government Miagao, Iloilo Public [72] [74]
Centro Escolar University 1932Philippine Commonwealth government Manila Private [64]
Far Eastern University 1933Philippine Commonwealth government Manila Private [75]
Silliman University 1938Philippine Commonwealth government Dumaguete Private [76]
Adamson University 1941Philippine Commonwealth government Manila Private [77]
University of the Philippines Diliman 1949Philippine government Quezon City Public [72]
University of San Agustin 1953Philippine government Iloilo City Private [78]

Oldest seminaries

  Still in operation  Defunct

Current nameYear
founded		Name at time of foundationFounding
order		Location upon foundationCurrent
affiliations		Refs
Universidad de San Ignacio 1590Colegio de Manila Society of Jesus Manila [18] [19] [24]
San José Seminary1601Colegio de San José Society of Jesus Intramuros, Manila Jesuit [23] [24]
University of Santo Tomas Central Seminary 1611Colegio de Nuestra Señora de Santisimo Rosario Dominican Order Intramuros, Manila Dominican Order [25] [26] [79]
San Carlos Seminary 1702Real y Conciliar Colegio de San Carlos Archdiocese of Manila Intramuros, Manila Archdiocese of Manila [33]
Seminario Mayor de San Carlos1783Real Seminario de San Carlos Archdiocese of Cebu Cebu City Society of the Divine Word [42]
Holy Rosary Minor Seminary 1793Casa de Clerigos Archdiocese of Caceres Naga City Archdiocese of Caceres [43]
Immaculate Conception School of Theology, Vigan1822Seminario de San Pablo Dominican Order Vigan Archdiocese of Nueva Segovia [44]
Saint Vincent Ferrer Seminary 1869Seminario-Colegio de San Vicente Ferrer Archdiocese of Jaro Jaro, Iloilo City Archdiocese of Jaro [48]

Oldest law schools

  Still in operation  Defunct

NameYear
founded		Educational institutionLocation upon foundationRef
University of Santo Tomas Faculty of Civil Law 1734 University of Santo Tomas Intramuros, Manila [80]
Universidad de San Ignacio Facultad de Derecho Civil1734 Universidad de San Ignacio Intramuros, Manila [80]
Universidad Literaria de Filipinas Civil Law1898Universidad Literaria de Filipinas Manila [69] [70] [71]
Manila Law College1899Manila Law College Manila [81] [82]
University of the Philippines College of Law 1911 University of the Philippines Manila [83]
University of Manila College of Law1913 University of Manila Manila [84]
Philippine Law School 1915 Philippine Law School Manila [85] [86]
University of Manila College of Law1918 University of Manila Manila [87] [88]
Far Eastern University Institute of Law 1934 Far Eastern University Manila [89]
Silliman University College of Law 1935 Silliman University Dumaguete [90]
Ateneo Law School 1936 Ateneo de Manila University Quezon City [91]
University of San Carlos School of Law and Governance1937 University of San Carlos Cebu City [92]
Arellano University School of Law1938 Arellano University Pasay City [93]

Oldest schools of medicine

NameYear
founded		Educational institutionLocation upon foundationRef
University of Santo Tomas Faculty of Medicine and Surgery 1871 University of Santo Tomas Intramuros, Manila [94]
University of the Philippines College of Medicine 1905 University of the Philippines Manila Manila [95]
Southwestern University Matias H. Aznar Memorial College of Medicine, Inc.1946 Southwestern University Cebu [96]
Manila Central University College of Medicine1947 Manila Central University Manila [97]
FEU NRMF – Institute of Medicine 1952 Far Eastern University Manila [98]
UERMMMC College of Medicine 1956 University of the East Manila [99]
Cebu Institute of Medicine 1957 Cebu Institute of Medicine Cebu [100]
Lyceum Northwestern University Dr. Francisco Q. Duque Medical Foundation1974 Lyceum-Northwestern University Pangasinan [101]
West Visayas State University College of Medicine1975 West Visayas State University Iloilo [102]
Virgen Milagrosa University Foundation College of Medicine1975 Virgen Milagrosa University Foundation Pangasinan [103]

Oldest normal schools

Current nameYear
founded		Name at time of foundationLocation upon foundationRef
Universidad de Sta. Isabel 1875Escuela Normal de Maestras of Colegio de Sta. IsabelCamarines Sur [104]
Philippine Normal University 1901Philippine Normal SchoolManila [105]
West Visayas State University 1902Iloilo Normal SchoolIloilo [106]

Oldest schools of engineering

NameYear
founded		Educational institutionLocation upon foundationRef
University of Santo Tomas Faculty of Engineering 1907 University of Santo Tomas Intramuros, Manila [107]
Mapúa University 1925 Mapúa University Manila [108]

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The oldest universities, colleges, vocational schools and the first modern public education system in Asia were created during the Spanish colonial period. The earliest schools were founded by Spanish Catholic missionaries. By the time Spain was replaced by the United States as the colonial power, Filipinos were among the most educated people in all of Asia. Of the many educational institutions established during the colonial era, only a few remain extant today, such as the University of Santo Tomas (1611), Colegio de San Juan de Letran (1620), Real Colegio de Santa Potenciana (1590), Universidad de San Ignacio (1590), Colegio de San Ildefonso (1595), Santa Isabel College Manila (1632), and the Universidad de San Felipe de Austria (1640), among others.

References

  1. ↑ Garcia, F.C. (February 1, 2006). "Remembering our Rectors". The Varsitarian . 77 (9). Retrieved November 9, 2011.
  2. ↑ De Ramos, N.V., 2000. I Walked with Twelve UST Rectors.
  3. ↑ Coleman, Ambrose (1899). The Friars in the Philippines. Boston: Marlier, Callanan. pp. 17–59.
  4. ↑ UST, USC engages in friendly debate Today's Carolinian Accessed April 19, 2020
  5. ↑ The Historical Marker Database accessed April 19, 2020
  6. ↑ University of Santo Tomas Intramuros Administration marker Accessed April 23, 2020
  7. ↑ The Papal Message from Pope Benedict XVI to the Pontifical and Royal University of Santo Tomas accessed April 19, 2020
  8. 1 2 Asia’s Oldest University, The Royal and Pontifical University of Santo Tomas 'National Historical Commission of the Philippines' accessed April 19, 2020
  9. ↑ About USC 'The University of San Carlos Website' accessed April 19, 2020
  10. 1 2 No contest: UST is oldest university 'Philippine Daily Inquirer' Accessed April 19, 2020
  11. ↑ NHCP historical marker for University of San Carlos in Cebu City 'National Historical Commission of the Philippines marker' accessed April 19, 2020
  12. ↑ UST is oldest, period 'The Varsitarian' Accessed April 19, 2020
  13. ↑ Which Is the Oldest University? Revisiting the Conflicting Claims of the University of Santo Tomas,Manila and University of San Carlos, Cebu in Light of the Historyof Seminario (Mayor) de San Carlos of Cebu 'Philippine E-Journals' accessed April 19, 2020
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  15. 1 2 Real Colegio de Santa Potenciana accessed May 30, 2012
  16. 1 2 Perez Dasmarinas, Luis. Letters from Luis Perez Dasmariñas to Felipe II. In The Philippine Islands, 1493-1898. Ohio: A.H. Clark Company, 1903-9. Vol. 9
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  18. 1 2 3 The First Hundred Years of the Ateneo de Manila Archived September 15, 2012, at the Wayback Machine Ateneo de Manila University website May 1, 2012
  19. 1 2 3 Geographical History Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng Maynila website May 1, 2012
  20. 1 2 About USC: University of San Carlos Archived June 26, 2012, at the Wayback Machine University of San Carlos website retrieved on April 24, 2012
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  22. 1 2 UST is oldest, period Varsitarian website accessed May 30, 2012
  23. 1 2 3 History of Colegio de San Jose / San Jose Seminary San Jose Seminary website accessed May 12, 2012
  24. 1 2 3 4 Fr. Miguel A. Bernad, S.J.: "Colegio de San José (1601–2001): A Quick Survey of the Turbulent 400-year History of an Educational Institution" Monk's Hobbit May 1, 2012
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  27. 1 2 3 4 History of Colegio de San Juan de Letran Colegio de San Juan de Letran website accessed May 30, 2012
  28. 1 2 A Knight's Tale Archived September 8, 2008, at the Wayback Machine - The Lance, June 2005
  29. 1 2 3 4 Santa Isabel College Santa Isabel College website accessed May 28, 2012
  30. 1 2 3 4 Colegio de Santa Isabel intramuros.wordpress.com accessed October 27, 2012
  31. 1 2 3 The first university The Philippine Star accessed May 28, 2012
  32. ↑ Colegio de Huerfanos de San Pedro y San Pablo jobstreet.com accessed May 30, 2012
  33. 1 2 San Carlos Seminary website accessed May 28, 2012
  34. 1 2 3 4 5 History of the Colegio de Santa Catalina accessed May 29, 2012
  35. ↑ The Beaterio de Sta. Catalina de Siena of Manila: Its Beginnings Mother Francisca O.P. Siena website accessed October 27, 2012
  36. 1 2 3 Brief accounts on the Mother Foundress and the Beaterio de Santa Catalina de Siena now the Congregation of Dominican Sisters of St. Catherine of Siena accessed October 27, 2012
  37. ↑ Mother Francisca del Espiritu Santo accessed October 27, 2012
  38. 1 2 3 Noli Me Tangere/Huag Acong Salangin Nino Man: Pascual Poblete Filipino translation by Rizal, Jose Filipiniana.net accessed October 27, 2012
  39. 1 2 Geodeg website accessed October 28, 2012
  40. 1 2 Ito ang mga kolehiyong itinatag ng mga paring Kastila sa Pilipinas accessed October 28, 2012
  41. 1 2 Colegio de Sta. Rosa’s Legend of the Twisted Sword Traveler on foot website accessed October 28, 2012
  42. 1 2 History and Heritage Archived June 21, 2011, at the Wayback Machine Seminario Mayor de San Carlos website accessed May 28, 2012
  43. 1 2 Holy Rosary Minor Seminary History accessed May 28, 2012
  44. 1 2 Immaculate Conception School of Theology history Immaculate Conception School of Theology website accessed May 28, 2012
  45. ↑ Archdiocese of Nueva Segovia Claretian Publications website accessed October 28, 2012
  46. ↑ Seminaries, Houses of Formation UCA News website accessed October 28, 2012
  47. ↑ Nueva Segovia Chancery directory Nueva Segovia Chancery website accessed October 28, 2012
  48. 1 2 "History – St. Vincent Ferrer Seminary". svfs1869.org. Retrieved December 21, 2023.
  49. ↑ "07. Archdiocese of Jaro". www.claretianpublications.com. May 26, 2017. Retrieved December 21, 2023.
  50. ↑ Solinap, Leo (November 23, 2019). "Saint Vincent Ferrer Seminary to celebrate 150 years of existence". SunStar Publishing Inc. Retrieved December 21, 2023.
  51. ↑ Universidad de Santa Isabel history Universidad de Santa Isabel website accessed May 30, 2012
  52. ↑ Universidad de Sta. Isabel Nursing Guide website accessed November 2, 2012
  53. ↑ Universidad de Sta. Isabel: 137 Years Young (The Best of Catholic Vincentian Education) The Manila Bulletin website accessed November 2, 2012
  54. ↑ Vincentian Online Library accessed November 2, 2012
  55. ↑ History of Concordia College Concordia College website accessed May 29, 2012
  56. ↑ A page in Ayala’s history: May 3, 1868 Filipinas Heritage Library website accessed November 2, 2012
  57. ↑ Noli Me Tangere/The Social Cancer: Charles Derbyshire English translation by Rizal, Jose Filipiniana website accessed November 2, 2012
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  59. ↑ Colegio de la Inmaculada Concepción Everything Cebu website accessed November 2, 2012
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  108. ↑ Mapua University Commission on Higher Education

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