List of the colonial governors of French Ivory Coast−Côte d'Ivoire , a colony in former French West Africa.
Term | Incumbent | Notes |
---|---|---|
French Suzerainty | ||
1842 | French protectorates declared over the Kingdoms of Nzima and Sanwi, part of the Colony of Gorée and Dependencies | |
1843 to 1843 | Charles-Marie Philippes de Kerhallet , Commandant-Superior | |
1843 to 1844 | Thomas Jules Séraphin Besson , Commandant-Superior | |
1844 to 1845 | Joseph Pellegrin , Commandant-Superior | |
1845 to 1847 | Conjard , Commandant-Superior | |
1847 to 1848 | Camille-Adolphe Pigeon , Commandant-Superior | |
1848 to 1850 | Jean-Jules-Charles Boulay , Commandant-Superior | |
1851 to 1853 | Charles-Gabriel-Felicité Martin des Pallières , Commandant-Superior | |
1853 to 1854 | François Chirat , Commandant-Superior | |
1854 to 1855 | Pierre-Alexandre Mailhetard , Commandant-Superior | 1st Term |
1855 to 1856 | Noël Bruyas , Commandant-Superior | |
1857 to 1857 | Charles-Praul Brossard de Corbigny , Commandant-Superior | |
1858 to 1859 | Pierre-Alexandre Maihetard , Commandant-Superior | 2nd Term |
1859 to 4 October 1860 | ..., Commandant-Superior | |
Ivory Coast territory of the Ivory Coast-Gabon colony | ||
4 October 1860 to 10 November 1860 | ..., Commandant-Superior | |
10 November 1860 to July 1862 | Charles-René-Gabriel Liébault , Commandant-Superior | |
28 August 1862 to 14 January 1863 | Joseph Alem , Commandant-Superior | |
29 April 1863 to 1863 | Jean-Antione-Léonard-Eudore Noyer , Commandant-Superior | |
1863 to 1864 | Jacques-Bertrand-Osacar Desnouy , Commandant-Superior | |
1864 to 1866 | Jean-Auguste Martin , Commandant-Superior | |
1866 to 1867 | Léon Noël, Commandant-Superior | |
1867 to 1869 | Alfred Pouzols , Commandant-Superior | |
1869 to 1871 | Jean-Louis Vernet , Commandant-Superior | |
1871 to 10 November 1878 | Arthur Verdier , Resident (of Arthur Verdier & Company) | Warden of the French Flag to 1878 |
Arthur Verdier & Company administrationRecognised by France | ||
10 November 1878 to 1881 | Arthur Verdier , Resident (of Arthur Verdier & Company) | |
Under the Superior Commandant of Gabon and the Gulf of Guinea Settlements | ||
1881 to 16 December 1883 | Arthur Verdier , Resident (of Arthur Verdier & Company) | Administration under private traders; protectorates maintained by France |
Under French Guinea | ||
16 December 1883 to 1885 | Arthur Verdier , Resident (of Arthur Verdier & Company) | |
Direct French rule | ||
1885 to 1886 | Charles Bour , Commandant-particular | |
Under the Lieutenant Governors of Guinea | ||
1886 to 10 January 1889 | Marcel Treich-Leplène , Resident | |
French Protectorate of Ivory Coast | Direct French rule under the Lieutenant Governors of Guinea | |
10 January 1889 to 9 March 1890 | Marcel Treich-Leplène , Resident | |
9 March 1890 to 14 June 1890 | Jean-Joseph-Étienne-Octave Péan , acting Resident | |
14 June 1890 to 1892 | Jean-Auguste-Henri Desailles , Resident | |
1892 to 1892 | Eloi Bricard , acting Resident | |
1892 to 12 November 1892 | Julien Voisin , acting Resident | |
12 November 1892 to 10 March 1893 | Paul Alphonse Frédéric Heckman , Resident | |
French Colony of Ivory Coast | ||
10 March 1893 to 1895 | Louis-Gustave Binger, Governor | |
16 June 1885 | Incorporated into French West Africa | |
1895 to 1895 | Paul Cousturier , acting Governor | |
1895 to 1896 | Joseph Lemaire , acting Governor | |
1896 to 25 February 1896 | Pierre-Hubert-Auguste Pascal , acting Governor | |
25 February 1896 to 13 May 1896 | Eugène Bertin , acting Governor | |
13 May 1896 to 14 May 1896 | Jean-Baptiste Castaing , acting Governor | |
14 May 1896 to 19 March 1898 | Louis Mouttet , Governor | |
1898 to 1898 | Adrien Jules Jean Bonhoure , Governor | |
1898 to 1898 | Jean Penel , acting Governor | |
1898 to 1898 | Pierre-Paul-Marie Capest , acting Governor | |
1898 to 11 September 1898 | ... Ribes , acting Governor | |
11 September 1898 to 5 November 1902 | Henri-Charles-Victor-Amédée Roberdeau, Governor | |
5 November 1902 to 25 November 1902 | Albert Anatole Nebout, acting Governor | 1st Term |
25 November 1902 to 19 November 1905 | Marie-François-Joseph Clozel, acting Governor | |
19 November 1905 to 27 October 1906 | Albert Anatole Nebout , acting Governor | 2nd Term |
27 October 1906 to 25 April 1908 | Marie-François-Joseph Clozel , Governor | 2nd Term |
25 August 1907 to 1908 | Albert Anatole Nebout, acting Governor | 3rd Term |
25 April 1908 to 28 April 1909 | Gabriel-Louis Angoulvant, Governor | 1st Term |
28 April 1908 to August 1908 | Pierre Brun , acting Governor | |
August 1909 to 12 May 1911 | Gabriel-Louis Angoulvant, Governor | 2nd Term |
12 May 1911 to 9 March 1912 | Casimir Guyon , acting Governor | 1st Term |
9 March 1912 to 22 May 1913 | Gabriel-Louis Angoulvant, Governor | 3rd Term |
22 March 1913 to 29 October 1913 | Casimir Guyon , acting Governor | 2nd Term |
29 October 1913 to 4 September 1914 | Gustave Julien , acting Governor | |
4 September 1914 to 16 June 1916 | Gabriel-Louis Angoulvant, Governor | 4th Term |
16 June 1916 to 1 December 1916 | Maurice-Pierre Lapalud , acting Governor | 1st Term |
1 December 1916 to 27 December 1916 | Gabriel-Louis Angoulvant, Governor | 5th Term |
27 December 1916 to January 1918 | Maurice-Pierre Lapalud , acting Governor | 2nd Term |
January 1918 to June 1919 | Raphaël-Valentin-Marius Antonetti, Governor | 1st Term |
June 1919 to 22 September 1919 | Maurice Beurnier , acting Governor | |
22 September 1919 to 24 January 1922 | Raphaël-Valentin-Marius Antonetti, Governor | 2nd Term |
24 January 1922 to 28 September 1922 | Pierre Chapon-Baissac , acting Governor | |
28 September 1922 to 2 April 1924 | Raphaël-Valentin-Marius Antonetti | 3rd Term |
2 April 1924 to 2 July 1925 | Richard-Édmond-Maurice-Édouard Brunot , acting Governor | |
2 July 1925 to 25 August 1930 | Maurice-Pierre Lapalud , Governor | 3rd Term |
25 August 1930 to 28 October 1930 | Joseph Jules Brévié, Governor | |
28 October 1930 to 16 January 1931 | Jean Paul Boutonnet , acting Governor | |
16 January 1931 to 7 May 1935 | Dieudonné François Joseph Marie Reste , Governor | |
7 May 1935 to 28 June 1935 | Marie Alphonse Flotte de Pouzols , acting Governor | |
28 June 1935 to 7 March 1936 | Adolphe Deitte , Governor | |
7 March 1936 to 28 November 1936 | Julien Georges Lamy , acting Governor | |
28 November 1936 to 16 July 1938 | Gaston-Charles-Julien Mondon , Governor | |
16 July 1938 to 27 January 1939 | Louis Bressolles , acting Governor | |
27 January 1939 to 1 January 1941 | Horace-Valentin Crocicchia , Governor | |
1 January 1941 to 29 September 1942 | Hubert-Jules Deschamps, Governor | |
29 September 1942 to 3 August 1943 | Georges-Pierre Rey , Governor | |
3 August 1943 to 26 August 1943 | Jean-François Toby , Governor | |
26 August 1943 to 16 August 1945 | André-Jean-Gaston Latrille, Governor | 1st Term |
16 August 1945 to April 1946 | Henry Jean Marie de Mauduit, Governor | |
Ivory Coast Territory | Overseas territory of France | |
April 1946 to 20 February 1947 | André-Jean-Gaston Latrille, Governor | 2nd Term (contd.) |
20 February 1947 to 29 January 1948 | Oswald-Marcellin-Maurice-Maruis Durand, Governor | |
29 January 1948 to 10 November 1948 | Georges-Louis-Joseph Orselli , Governor | |
10 November 1948 to 25 April 1952 | Laurent Élisée Péchoux , Governor | |
25 April 1952 to 10 July 1952 | Pierre-François Pelieu , Governor | |
10 July 1952 to 19 February 1954 | Camille-Victor Bailly , Governor | |
19 February 1954 to 18 February 1956 | Pierre-Joseph-Auguste Messmer, Governor | |
18 February 1956 to 23 February 1957 | Pierre-Auguste-Michel-Marie Lami, Governor | |
Republic of Ivory Coast | Autonomous | |
23 February 1957 to 15 July 1960 | Ernest de Nattes , Governor, High Commissioner | |
15 July 1960 to 7 August 1960 | Yves-René-Henri Guéna, High Commissioner | |
7 August 1960 | Independence as Republic of Ivory Coast |
The Armed Forces of Côte d'Ivoire are the armed forces of Ivory Coast.
Human arrival in Ivory Coast has been dated to the Upper Paleolithic period, or at the minimum, the Neolithic period based on weapon and tool fragments, specifically polished shale axes and remnants of cooking and fishing. The earliest known inhabitants of Côte d'Ivoire left traces scattered throughout the territory. Historians believe these people were all either displaced or absorbed by the ancestors of the present inhabitants. Peoples who arrived before the 16th century include the Ehotilé (Aboisso), Kotrowou (Fresco), Zéhiri, Ega, and Diès (Divo).
Côte d'Ivoire, also known as Ivory Coast, and officially as the Republic of Côte d'Ivoire, is a country on the southern coast of West Africa. Its capital city of Yamoussoukro is located in the centre of the country, while its largest city and economic centre is the port city of Abidjan. It borders Guinea to the northwest, Liberia to the west, Mali to the northwest, Burkina Faso to the northeast, Ghana to the east, and the Atlantic Ocean's Gulf of Guinea to the south. With 30.9 million inhabitants in 2023, Ivory Coast is the third-most populous country in West Africa. Its official language is French, and indigenous languages are also widely used, including Bété, Baoulé, Dioula, Dan, Anyin, and Cebaara Senufo. In total, there are around 78 different languages spoken in Ivory Coast. The country has a religiously diverse population, including numerous followers of Islam, Christianity, and traditional faiths like Animism.
Félix Houphouët-Boigny, affectionately called Papa Houphouët or Le Vieux, was an Ivorian politician and physician who served as the first president of Ivory Coast from 1960 until his death in 1993. A tribal chief, he worked as a medical aide, union leader, and planter before being elected to the French Parliament. He served in several ministerial positions within the French government before leading Ivory Coast following independence in 1960. Throughout his life, he played a significant role in politics and the decolonisation of Africa.
Grand-Bassam is a town in southeastern Ivory Coast, lying east of Abidjan. It is a sub-prefecture of and the seat of Grand-Bassam Department; it is also a commune. During the late 19th century, Grand-Bassam was briefly the French colonial capital of Ivory Coast. Because of its outstanding examples of colonial architecture and town-planning, and the juxtaposition of the colonial town with a traditional Nzema village, the historic center of Grand-Bassam was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2012.
Alassane Dramane Ouattara is an Ivorian politician and economist who has been President of Ivory Coast since 2010. An economist by profession, he worked for the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the Central Bank of West African States, and was the Prime Minister of Côte d'Ivoire from November 1990 to December 1993, appointed to that post by then-President Félix Houphouët-Boigny. Ouattara became the President of the Rally of the Republicans (RDR), an Ivorian political party, in 1999.
Gabriel Louis Angoulvant was a colonial administrator in the second French colonial empire.
Throughout the Cold War, Ivory Coast's foreign policy was generally favorable toward the West. In particular, Félix Houphouët-Boigny kept relations with France that was among the closest between any African country and a former colonial power. The country became a member of the United Nations at independence in 1960 and participates in most of its specialized agencies. It is also an associate member of the European Union. In general, President Bédié initiated and maintained relations with many countries of the European Union and Asia. Ivory Coast maintains a wide variety of diplomatic contacts.
Women in Ivory Coast formed less than half the country's population in 2003. Their social roles and opportunities have changed since the time of French colonialism.
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Ivory Coast:
Marcel Auguste Denise was the head of state of Ivory Coast before the independency after Ernest De Nattes, a colonial administrator who was stationed in Côte d'Ivoire. He was the "President of the provisional government" of Côte d'Ivoire during the colonial and autonomous period. An Ivorian statesman with West Indian origin (Martinique).
Patrick Jérôme Achi is an Ivorian politician who served as Prime Minister of Côte d'Ivoire from March 2021 to October 2023 in President Alassane Ouattara's government. He is a member of the Rally of the Republicans (RDR). He studied at Supélec and Stanford University and specialises in engineering and infrastructure. He has also worked as the government spokesman for President Alassane Ouattara.
Abidjan is the largest city and the former capital of the Ivory Coast. As of the 2021 census, Abidjan's population was 6.3 million, which is 21.5 percent of overall population of the country, making it the sixth most populous city proper in Africa, after Lagos, Cairo, Kinshasa, Dar es Salaam, and Johannesburg. A cultural crossroads of West Africa, Abidjan is characterised by a high level of industrialisation and urbanisation. It is also the most populous Dioula-speaking and French-speaking city in Africa.
Marie François Joseph Clozel was a French colonial administrator who became Governor General of French West Africa. Interested in understanding the region, he took an active part in developing French scientific research in West Africa in collaboration with the anthropologist Maurice Delafosse.
Christianity in Ivory Coast is practiced by 39.8% of the population which is an increase since 2014 when it was 33.9% of the population. It dominates the south of the country.
Canada–Ivory Coast relations are the diplomatic relations between Canada and Ivory Coast. Both nations are members of the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie.
France–Ivory Coast relations are the diplomatic relations between the French Republic and the Republic of Ivory Coast. Both nations are members of the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie and the United Nations.
Tiémoko Meyliet Koné is an Ivorian economist and politician. He has served as Vice-President of Ivory Coast since April 2022.